Basaltowe
| Basaltowe | |||
| Базальтове | |||
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| Basic data | |||
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| Oblast : | Rivne Oblast | ||
| Rajon : | Kostopil district | ||
| Height : | 184 m | ||
| Area : | 0.18 km² | ||
| Residents : | 494 (2001) | ||
| Population density : | 2,744 inhabitants per km² | ||
| Postcodes : | 35042 | ||
| Area code : | +380 3657 | ||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 56 ' N , 26 ° 14' E | ||
| KOATUU : | 5623480802 | ||
| Administrative structure : | 1 village | ||
| Address: | вул. Островського буд. 1 35041 с. Головин |
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| Website : | Website of the district council | ||
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Basaltowe ( Ukrainian Базальтове ; Russian Базальтовое Basaltowoje , Polish Janowa Dolina ) is a village in the center of the Ukrainian Rivne Oblast with about 500 inhabitants (2001).
Basaltowe administratively belongs to the district municipality of Holowyn in Kostopil district . In the village, on Good Friday 1943, the Janowa Dolina massacre of Polish civilians by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) took place.
Geographical location
The location situated at an altitude of 184 m on the right bank of Horyn , a 659 km long, the right side stream of Prypjat , 7 km northwest of the community center Holowyn ( Головин ), 17 km west of the Rajonzentrum Kostopil and 47 kilometers north of the Oblastzentrum Riwne .
The 9–15 m deep basalt lake, which was created in 1903 from a flooded quarry, is one of the most picturesque lakes in the Rivne Oblast and attracts hundreds of tourists every year. Also near the village is the natural monument of local importance, the Geological Reserve “Basalt Columns” , which was placed under state protection in 1972 and nominated as one of the Seven Natural Wonders of Ukraine .
The village of Slasne, on the opposite bank of the Horyn, and the T-18-17 territorial road running there, can be reached via a bridge in the north of the village.
history
Basalt has been mined in the area of the village since 1861 . Gemstone minerals such as agate and amethyst can also be found here .
Before the First World War , the municipality was in the Volhynia Governorate of the Russian Empire and came to the Volhynia Voivodeship of the Second Polish Republic as a result of the Polish-Soviet War . The village was founded in 1928 as an industrial estate in order to be able to mine the existing basalt deposits. The village got its name from the Janowa Dolina forest , which was located here on the bank of the Horyn and, according to sources, was named after the Polish king Jan II Casimir , who often went hunting here. In the 1930s, a model housing estate was built with Janowa Dolina to meet the needs of a working group. In the vicinity of the basalt quarries, it was spaciously laid out and offered its residents all the facilities that workers needed. These included a school, a hospital, a hotel and a chapel. It was fully electrified and had a water supply and a sewage system. At the beginning of the 1930s the quarry had 1200 employees. A large number of locals and specialists from central and southern Poland and especially from Upper Silesia worked in the opencast mine . Shortly before the outbreak of the Second World War , around 4,500 people lived in the village, 97% of them Poles (another source names 2,000 people, 80% of whom are Poles). In September 1939 , Soviet troops occupied the area of Janowa Dolina until it was occupied by Germany in the summer of 1941 and attached to the Reichskommissariat Ukraine (general district Volhynia and Podolia).
Since there was a camp for Soviet prisoners of war in Janowa Dolina during the German occupation and a unit of Lithuanian or German soldiers was stationed in the village, the settlement was a shelter for the Polish residents from neighboring towns affected by the terror of nationalist Ukrainians. On the night of April 22nd to 23rd, 1943 (Good Friday), the Janowa Dolina massacre took place in the village , the first mass extermination of the Polish civilian population in the early days of the Volhynian massacre by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA). Under the command of Iwan Lytwyntschuk "Dubowyj" (Ukrainian: Іван Самійлович Литвинчук , Polish: Iwan Łytwynczuk ) the UPA burned the village and murdered about 600 of the Polish residents. The few soldiers of the Home Army and the Wehrmacht soldiers present only offered weak resistance during the attack and after this brought the surviving Poles to Kostopil .
After the war, the village now located in the Ukrainian SSR within the Soviet Union was rebuilt and renamed Basaltowe. After the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the village became part of the now independent Ukraine.
Web links
- Article on the massacre of Janowa Dolina under kwietnia 1943 , page 47 (Polish)
- Description of the village and the massacre (Polish)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Local website on the official website of the Verkhovna Rada ; accessed on May 10, 2020 (Ukrainian)
- ^ Website of the district council on the official website of the Verkhovna Rada; accessed on March 10, 2020 (Ukrainian)
- ↑ The holiday season at the basalt lake began in the Rivne region June 12; accessed on May 10, 2020 (Ukrainian)
- ↑ basalt columns on 7chudes.in.ua ; accessed on May 10, 2020 (Ukrainian)
- ↑ Геологічний заказник "Базальтові стовпи" (с.Базальтове, Рівненська обл.) On drymba.com ; accessed on May 10, 2020 (Ukrainian)
- ↑ Agates and amethysts are found in the village of Basalt on http://pryroda.in.ua/ from October 26, 2008; accessed on May 10, 2020 (Ukrainian)
- ↑ KAMIENIE WOŁAĆ BĘDĄ! WYKŁAD TOMASZA KUBY KOZŁOWSKIEGO on mbp.lubaczow.pl from March 12, 2018; accessed on May 10, 2020 (Polish)
- ↑ a b Commemoration of the 76th anniversary of the Volhynian Massacre in Janowa Dolina (the Ukraine) - July 14, 2019 ; accessed on March 10, 2020 (English)
- ↑ a b Janowa Dolina on wolyn.ovh.org ; accessed on March 10, 2020 (Polish)
- ↑ Janowa Dolina on wolhynia.pl ; accessed on March 10, 2020 (Polish)
- ↑ a b c 75. rocznica zbrodni dokonanej przez UPA w Janowej Dolinie from April 22, 2018; accessed on March 10, 2020 (Polish)
- ↑ Bloody crime of the UPA in Janowa Dolina on gp24.pl from December 11, 2007; accessed on March 10, 2020 (Polish)
- ^ Chronology of the massacre in Volhynia; accessed on March 10, 2020 (English)