Benno Chajes
Benno Chajes (born November 14, 1880 in Danzig ; † October 3, 1938 in Ascona / Switzerland ) was a German physician, university professor for social and industrial hygiene and at times Prussian state parliament member of the SPD .
Live and act
Chajes came from a middle-class Jewish family. After high school in Danzig, Chajes studied medicine in Freiburg im Breisgau and Berlin . He was awarded a Dr. med. PhD . He was married to Eduard Bernstein's stepdaughter Käte Schattner (Chajes belonged to Bernstein's circle).
From 1903 he was assistant physician , first at the Charité and then from 1904 to 1907 at a private clinic in Alfred Blaschko . He then worked briefly at the St. Louis Hospital in Paris for further training and from 1908 at the Urological Clinic in Berlin with Hans Heinrich Goldschmidt . From 1911 Chajes practiced in a private clinic he opened as a specialist in skin and venereal diseases as well as urology in Berlin.
In the First World War , Chajes participated in the war. During the November Revolution he was chairman of the workers 'and soldiers' council for the Frankfurt district . In December 1919 he was a delegate at the first Reichsrätekongress . Between 1915 and 1920 Chajes was a city councilor in Berlin-Schöneberg . He was also a member of the Prussian state parliament between 1928 and 1932.
Since 1919 Chajes was a full lecturer and since 1930 honorary professor for industrial hygiene and social hygiene at the technical university in Berlin. In 1931, after the death of Alfred Grotjahn , he took over the Institute for Social Hygiene and from 1932 was an associate professor at the University of Berlin . The trade unions spoke out in favor of being elected as head of the institute, and Prime Minister Otto Braun also supported Chajes.
Chajes was editor or editor of the magazine for social hygiene, welfare and hospital systems (1919-1923), the central paper for industrial hygiene and accident prevention, the magazine for school health care and social hygiene. In addition, he wrote numerous medical and social hygiene publications. Among them was the floor plan for occupational science and occupational hygiene (1919), textbook for industrial hygiene (1921) and the compendium of social hygiene (1931).
At the beginning of the National Socialist era , Chajes first emigrated to Switzerland . From there he went to Turkey in March 1933 and emigrated from there to Palestine in the autumn . There he was significantly involved in the development of social and industrial hygiene facilities as well as the health insurance and hospital system. He died during a trip to Switzerland in 1938.
literature
- Heinrich Weder: Social hygiene and pragmatic health policy in the Weimar Republic using the example of social and industrial hygienist Benno Chajes 1880–1938. Matthiesen, Husum 2000 (Treatises on the history of medicine and natural sciences, 87) ISBN 978-3-7868-4087-9 .
- Eckhard Hansen, Florian Tennstedt (Eds.) U. a .: Biographical lexicon on the history of German social policy from 1871 to 1945 . Volume 2: Social politicians in the Weimar Republic and during National Socialism 1919 to 1945. Kassel University Press, Kassel 2018, ISBN 978-3-7376-0474-1 , p. 29 f. ( Online , PDF; 3.9 MB).
- Chajes, Benno, Dr. med. In: Alfons Labisch / Florian Tennstedt : The way to the "Law on the Unification of the Health System" of July 3, 1934. Development lines and moments of the state and municipal health system in Germany , Part 2, Academy for Public Health in Düsseldorf 1985, ISSN 0172 -2131, pp. 390-391.
- Manfred Stürzbecher : Chajes, Benno. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 236.
Web links
- Literature by and about Benno Chajes in the catalog of the German National Library
- Benno Chajes biography . In: Wilhelm H. Schröder : Social Democratic Parliamentarians in the German Reich and Landtag 1876–1933 (BIOSOP)
- Kristin Etzold: Exodus of social medicine in the 1930s from Berlin to the USA - Alfred Grotjahn's legacy
Individual evidence
- ^ Fischer, p. 467 and Elmer Schabel, Social Hygiene Between Social Reform and Social Biology. Fritz Rott (1878-1959) and infant care in Germany. Matthiesen, Husum 1995, p. 416
- ↑ Wolfram Fischer (Ed.): Exodus of Sciences from Berlin. Verlag Walter de Gruyter , Berlin 1994, ISBN 3110139456 , p. 461 ( digitized version )
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Chajes, Benno |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Physician, hygienist and member of parliament (SPD) |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 14, 1880 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Danzig |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 3, 1938 |
| Place of death | Ascona |