Pyrmont Castle
The Pyrmont Castle is west of Münstermaifeld near Roes and Pillig on a slate rock above the waterfall of Elzbachs in the southern Eifel . It belongs to the marking of the local community Roes ( Cochem-Zell district ).
history
The rock castle was built at the end of the 12th century on the territory of the Palatine by Kuno von Schönberg , whose son Kuno II was the first of his family to call himself "Herr zu Pyrmont". The castle was first mentioned in 1225.
Kuno VI. von Pyrmont decreed in a will in 1441 how his inheritance (and with it Pyrmont Castle) was to be divided among his three quarrelsome sons Heinrich VI, Johann and Friedrich in order to protect the family seat from inheritance. But that didn't prevent the brawlers from quarreling over the castle complex after their father's death. About Heinrich VI. Because of the inheritance disputes, von Pyrmont even imposed an imperial ban and the management of his castle share was transferred to his brother Friedrich.
The complex only saw more peaceful times in the second half of the 15th century, when Heinrich VI was raised to the status of a baron by Emperor Maximilian I. Was Lord of Pyrmont. Although his marriages were blessed with two sons, his daughter Elisabeth would eventually inherit the Pyrmont property. Since she was married to Philipp von Eltz , the castle fell to this important family of counts.
But even the people of Eltz did not always agree on the distribution of their inheritance. In 1652 one of the Eltz heiresses sold her share to members of the Waldbott von Bassenheim family due to the ongoing disputes , who were appointed imperial barons two years later because of this property.
Another Eltz share in Pyrmont Castle came to Kurtrier in 1695 and was also acquired by the Waldbott von Bassenheim family in 1710.
The Waldbotts began in 1712 to convert the medieval castle into a representative palace . So was Palas increased to three floors and large windows. Today's outside staircase on its south side also dates from this time.
During the time of the French Revolution , the owners fled the French troops to their possessions on the right bank of the Rhine in 1789, and only five years later the castle was declared a French national property. The fate that many castles on the left bank of the Rhine shared with her followed: in 1810, seven hectares of land were auctioned off for 4550 francs for demolition. The new owner Franz Georg Severus Weckbecker from Münstermaifeld sold everything that could be used. The remains of the buildings were falling into disrepair.
In 1818 Count Friedrich Karl Waldbott von Bassenheim bought the castle back. It was foreclosed by auction in 1862 under his son Count Hugo Waldbott . Many owners were to follow him, but none of them rebuilt the ruin. It was not until the family of the architect Franz Krause, who among other things worked as a draftsman for Die Kunstdenkmäler der Rheinprovinz , made part of the dilapidated castle habitable again in 1912. But the financial means for further important renovations were missing.
In 1963, the two Düsseldorf architects Helmut Hentrich and Hubert Petschnigg took on the remains of Pyrmont Castle. After the purchase, they began with security work and a gradual reconstruction, especially the inner castle. In 1990 the castle area was opened to visitors. In the interiors, old furniture and fittings can be viewed today, which fill the rooms with history and in some cases are reminiscent of the former castle owners. There is a souvenir shop in the rebuilt outer bailey.
description
The irregularly rectangular complex was built in the typical style of the Staufer period . The 24.5 m high, round keep follows the type of donjon and was the first of its kind in the entire Middle Rhine area . It has two vaults , is equipped with chimneys and can be climbed as a lookout tower . At last he wore a conical roof. In its shadow nor the 49 meter deep today is Sodbrunnen received.
A Zwinger with round towers , which was built in the 15th century, protected the core castle . A deep ditch separates the main castle and the kennel from the outer castle , which was rebuilt in the course of the reconstruction.
The Zwinger once also housed residential and farm buildings, of which only the large Fuderkeller has been preserved. The old north gate is located under the modern administrator's house, which was the actual entrance until the castle was expanded in the 15th century.
The high above the kennel built on the rock core castle consists of the former three-story palace , connected to it Kitchen and keep. With the baroque expansion of the castle from 1712, the hall and kitchen had a roof that reached to the top of the keep. The facades were unified in the baroque era by installing new windows. The hall and kitchen have only been restored on two floors and with a flat roof. The remains of the third floor remind us that the castle was in ruins for a long time.
The hall consists of an entrance hall, the knight's hall and smaller rooms on the ground floor ; The rest of the castle chapel is attached to it . A kitchen is set up in the old cubature on the ground floor of the kitchen .
Below the castle there is a dry stone walled , apparently never completed garden from the 18th century, including a fish pond. On the south and west slopes, traces of the viticulture that was carried out near the castle up to the 18th century can still be seen.
View from the west
Inside view: kitchen
One of the round towers of the former Zwinger
Castle pond
Pyrmonter Mühle at Elzbachfall with the castle in the background
Pyrmont Castle, aerial photo (2015)
literature
- Bernhard Gondorf: Pyrmont Castle in the Eifel. Their history and their inhabitants . Bachem, Cologne 1983, ISBN 3-7616-0701-6 .
- Bernhard Gondorf: Pyrmont Castle. 3rd edition Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1997. (= Große Baudenkmäler , Issue 392)
- Rolf Italiaander: Pyrmont Castle in the Eifel. Edition Pyrmont, Roes 1965.
- Matthias Kordel: The most beautiful palaces and fortresses in the Eifel . Wartberg, Gudensberg-Gleichen 1999, ISBN 3-86134-482-3 , pp. 62-63.
- Bruno Krekler: Pyrmont Castle. Rescue of a monument . Edition Pyrmont, Roes [1990].
- Friedrich Toepfer: Side dishes. X. The Lords of Pirmont . In: ders. (Ed.): Document book for the history of the royal and baronial house of the Voegte von Hunolstein , Vol. II. Jacob Zeiser, Nuremberg 1867, pp. 474–486. ( Google Books )
Web links
- Site of the Pyrmont Castle
- Entry by Jens Friedhoff about Pyrmont Castle in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute
Individual evidence
- ↑ Alfons Friderichs (author): Knights, noble families and noble families in the Cochem-Zell district , Cardamina-Verlag, Weißenturm 2015, ISBN 978-3-86424-272-4 , 1044 pp.
- ↑ see EBIDAT> Object data
- ↑ Burg Pyrmont on eifeltour.de
Coordinates: 50 ° 14 ′ 14.8 ″ N , 7 ° 17 ′ 15.5 ″ E