Bernbergskopf
| Bernbergskopf | ||
|---|---|---|
| height | 528.5 m above sea level NHN | |
| location | near Flammersbach ; Lahn-Dill district and Siegen-Wittgenstein district ; Hesse and North Rhine-Westphalia ( Germany ) | |
| Mountains | Westerwald ( High Westerwald ) | |
| Coordinates | 50 ° 43 '15 " N , 8 ° 9' 49" E | |
|
||
| Type | extinct volcano | |
| rock | basalt | |
The Bernbergskopf is a 528.5 m above sea level. NHN high elevation of the Westerwald belonging to the Rhenish Slate Mountains . It is located in the Flammersbach district in the Hessian Lahn-Dill district ; the border with the North Rhine-Westphalian district of Siegen-Wittgenstein runs over the western highlands.
The former summit region of the extinct volcano was largely eroded by basalt mining.
geography
location
The Bernbergskopf rises in the High Westerwald ; The Lahn-Dill-Bergland nature park extends to the Hessian parts of the elevation . Its current summit is about 1.2 km south-south-west of Flammersbach , to which it belongs, and 1.8 km west of Langenaubach , two districts of the central Hessian Haiger , and 1.7 km south-east of Oberdresselnorf , 1.6 km east-north-east of Niederdresselnorf and 2.4 km southeast of Holzhausen , three districts of the Westphalian Burbach . The landscape leads to the south-southwest to the Heunburg ( 541 m ) about 500 m away . Two dill tributaries flow past with the Aubach (Hessen) in the east and the Haigerbach (Westphalia) in the west .
Natural allocation
The Bernbergskopf belongs in the natural spatial main unit group Westerwald (No. 32) and in the main unit Hoher Westerwald (322) to the subunit Westerwald basalt plateau (322.0). The landscape falls to the west into the subunit Upper Dilltal (321.1), which belongs to the main unit Dilltal (321), and to the north and east into the subunit Westerwald-Osthang (323.0), which belongs to the main unit Oberwesterwald (323).
Protected areas
Parts of the Burbach landscape protection area ( CDDA no. 392886; designated 2003; 56.7499 km² ) and the bird sanctuary (VSG) forests and meadows near Burbach and Neunkirchen (VSG no. 5214-401; 46 ) are located on the Westphalian parts of the Bernbergskopf , 5456 km²). On the Hessian parts of the elevation there are parts of the VSG Hoher Westerwald (VSG no. 5314-450; 76.1081 km²).
History of basalt mining
In 1868, Jakob Reeh from Nanzenbach leased the Woashecke basalt quarry not far from what was then the Bernbergskopf. The dismantling began on March 30, 1893. More than 50 workers worked in the quarry , most of whom came from Flammersbach and the neighboring Langenaubach. Kipp lost with paving stones and broken were from a steam transported to the front Berg, from where they were then reacted with wagons up to Haiger. About 50 lorries were promoted every day. A Bremsberg was created in 1912 by Fritz Reh from the Bernbergskopf to the Schieferkaute.
A crushing plant on the Bernbergskopf probably broke the rock into smaller, easier-to-transport sizes from 1925 onwards. From 1926 on, a cable car , some of which led over Flammersbach, took over the removal of the stones. At the same time, the Haiger – Breitscheid railway line was completed so that the stones could later be brought by train from the Flammersbach train station to Haiger. The cable car was canceled with the closure of the quarry in 1966.
In 1920 the Cologne-based company Ahrends-Dolerit AG leased the neighboring quarry on the Heunburg, which was later taken over by the Reeh company. The quarry hole was often under water in the past and served the Flammersbach and Langenaubach people as a bathing opportunity. The crater of the former volcano was located near Heunburg, which also explains why basalt was mined there from 1956 to a depth of 45 meters. An electric elevator transported the stones up to the edge of the break.
In 1959 the Bernbergskopf quarry was extensively expanded and parts of the forest were felled after a landslide. It is not known how many tons of basalt were mined in total. Quarry stones, cobblestones and gravel from these quarries have helped pave some railway lines and roads in the past. The Heunburg quarry was flooded with water today and leased by the Flammersbach fishing club. The name Heunburg is rarely used for the quarry anymore, the vernacular uses the name Ahrends . There is still a quarry building at the entrance to the Heunburg and a smaller building at the Bernbergskopf.
Traffic and walking
East past the peak, the Hessian Bern leads national road 3044 ( Rabenscheid -Langenaubauch-Haiger) from the belly and between Langenau Haiger the Flammersbach road branches off to Flammersbach. From this village, the Hickengrundstraße runs in an east-west direction to the Westphalian border , which merges into the Westphalian district road 15. This meets the L 730 near Holzhausen (Oberdresselnorf – Niederdresselnorf – Holzhausen– Wasserscheide ). The Romantic Hickengrund literary trail runs over the lower parts of the western slope past Ober- and Niederdresselnorf .
See also
literature
- Hubert-Georg Quarta: Flammersbach. From the story of a small village . Self published in 1975
- The hundred-year history of J. Reeh AG in the mirror of time , Weidenbach, Dillenburg 1964
- Norbert Triesch: The operational development of the company J. Reeh AG. 1959/1960
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b measuring table sheet 5214: Wildenstein, 1877 , topographical map, u. a. with the Bernbergskopf (near the southeastern edge of the map), M = 1: 25,000, photo taken in 1868, Royal Prussian Ministry of Trade, 1877, Berlin, on deutschefotothek.de
- ↑ a b Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ↑ Heinz Fischer: Geographical Land Survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 124 Siegen. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1972. → Online map (PDF; 4.1 MB)
- ↑ Hubert Georg Quarta (Ed.): Flammersbach in old views . European Library, Zaltbommel / Netherlands, Flammersbach 1986, ISBN 90-288-3388-9 , p. 80 .
- ↑ Haiger Historical Working Group (ed.): Haigerer Geschichtsblätter - Issue No. 57 - Village Chronicle Flammersbach . Historical working group Haiger, Haiger 2011.