Bertoldsbrunnen
The Bertoldsbrunnen is a monument in the old town of Freiburg im Breisgau . It is located on the intersection of the same name between Salzstrasse and Bertoldstrasse and Kaiser-Joseph-Strasse . The fountain is one of the central points of the city. At it is the stop of the same name, where four of the five tram lines of the Freiburger Verkehrs AG stop.
history
Until 1806 the fish fountain stood at the intersection of Kaiser-Joseph-Strasse and Salzstrasse . Because a new fountain was to be erected here, the old fish fountain in Kaiser-Joseph-Strasse was moved north to the level of Münsterstrasse. It was destroyed in the Second World War, a copy was then placed on the north side of the Münsterplatz.
The new fountain at the intersection of Salzstrasse and Kaiser-Joseph-Strasse was built in 1807 to commemorate May 5, 1806, when the Freiburg residents gave their new sovereign, Elector Karl Friedrich von Baden , who was to become Grand Duke in June 1806 . swore the oath of homage. The “Monument to the Dukes of Zähringen” was not just for Frederick, who was named Grand Duke of Baden, Duke of Zähringen . It was also a sign of the veneration of the dukes Berthold III. , the founder of Freiburg, Konrad I , the builder of the cathedral and Albert of Austria , the founder of the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg . This was expressed through Latin inscriptions in the pedestal of the well, translated:
- North side:
"CARLO FREDERICO MAGNO BADENSIUM DUCI, DUCUM ZARINGIAE PROLI, INTER IMPERANTES NESTORI, PRINCIPI OPTIMO GRATA CIVITAS FRIBURGENSIS MDCCCVII."
"Karl Friedrich the Grand Duke of Baden, descended from the tribe of the Dukes of Zäringen, the eldest of the best of the princes, consecrated this monument to Freyburg's grateful citizens in 1807"
- East Side:
"EN BERTOLDUM III ZARINGIAE DUCUM QUI FRIBURGUM CONDIDIT LIBERAM CONSTITUIT, PRIMAM CISRHENAM SUIS LEGIBUS VIVERE JUSSIT MCXX."
"See Bertold the third Duke of Zaeringen, who built Freyburg, raised it to the status of a freeze city, and provided it with municipal laws - the first on this side of the Rhine - in 1120."
- South side:
"CONRADUS ZARINGIAE DUX, BERTOLDI III FRATRER, BURGUNDIAE RECTOR HUIUS URBIS TEMPLUM TURRIMQUE, AETERNUM ZARINGICAE PIETATIS MONIMENTUM, CONDERE COEPIT MCXXIII."
"Konrad Herzog von Zaeringen, Berthold's third brother, regent of Burgundy began to build the temple and tower of our city - this eternal monument of high worship of his tribe - in 1123."
- West side:
"BERTOLDI I PRONEPOS XXIV SCIENTIARUM ACADEMIAM AB ALBERTO AUSTRIACO MCCCCLVI FRIBURGI FUNDATAM FIRMAVIT LEGIBUS, REDITIBUS AUXIT MDCCCVI."
"Berthold's the first Duke of Zaeringen's twenty- fourth great-grandson was of the high school that Albert Duke of Austria founded here in 1456. It was maintained and multiplied in 1806."
The memorial was created according to plans by the Freiburg city council, Ferdinand Weiß, which were examined and modified by the Baden construction director Friedrich Weinbrenner . The fountain was built by master mason and stone mason Johann Georg Riescher (1759–1827), while the sculptor Franz Xaver Hauser made the model, the inscriptions and the statue. The latter was shown by Berthold III. von Zähringen , depicted as a knight in armor with a shield and spear. The statue was directed to the east, towards the neighboring family castle of the Zähringer .
It was placed on a high square pedestal , for which Rischer was contractually to use "the large 10½ shoe long, 5½ shoe wide and 1 shoe thick altar stone from the broken-off Dominican church ". The remaining stones came from a stone pit in Mussbach, which today belongs to Freiamt . The cost of the monument was 3,806 guilders . Riescher was supported in his work on the trough and column by Hauser, who was subsequently reprimanded for postponing the completion of the statue. Vinzenz Hauser (1759–1831), a brother of Franz Xaver, was responsible for gilding the monument.
In 1888, the earlier octagonal fountain basin was removed to facilitate traffic and instead a bowl was added to each side of the substructure by the sculptor Julius Seitz , the bearers of which symbolized the four elements in stylized animal shapes. In 1904, the fountain was moved 2.50 meters to the north in order to do justice to the track change of the electric trams. The information in the Freiburger Zeitung or its supplement Freiburger Stadtanzeiger that the Bertoldsbrunnen was still popularly referred to as the Fischbrunnen at that time is incorrect, as the Fischbrunnen was moved to the north in 1806 as a neighboring well and kept its name throughout.
The Zähringer fountain was completely destroyed by bombs on November 27, 1944 during a British air raid . The offer by the Freiburg sculptor Hugo Knittel to create a free replica of the old figure was rejected by Joseph Schlippe , who was responsible for the reconstruction , because they wanted to create a "timeless" fountain. Knittel's design was based in part on pre-war photographs taken by the entrepreneur's wife Annemarie Brenzinger .
Finally, the Bertoldsbrunnen Board of Trustees , which had been formed in 1957, opted for the design by Nikolaus Röslmeir (1901–1977). He envisaged a relatively abstract monument: a four-meter-high limestone plinth that stands in a shallow water basin (fountain) and on which there is an equestrian statue . The entire shape of the fountain with statue is inspired by the Gothic pointed arch , which is supposed to create a connection to the Freiburg Minster, which was completed more than 400 years earlier . The base bears the inscription The dukes of Zähringen, founders and lords of Freiburg im Breisgau . The coats of arms of the (Swiss) Zähringer towns were not incorporated into the base, as this would have weakened the overall impression. The basis for the rider was provided by a seal image from the Middle Ages.
The fountain was financed by donations collected after the city council made this a condition in February 1958. The cost of the well was 120,000 DM . Mayor Eugen Keidel laid the foundation stone on November 15, 1965 . On November 27, 1965, the anniversary of the 1944 bombing raid, the fountain was opened to the public, who were not satisfied with the abstract design of the knight cast in bronze .
On November 22, 1973, the streets around Bertoldsbrunnen were closed to motorized individual traffic. In 1979, this led to the fountain being moved from the tram island north of the intersection to its current location in the middle. At the same time, the fountain bowl was removed and the monument was placed in a water basin set into the ground, which, like the brooks , is fed by Dreisamwasser .
The Bertoldsbrunnen was not open to the public from June 10, 2014 to the end of October of the same year due to a major construction site by Freiburger Verkehrs AG and Badenova , which rehabilitated rails and canals in this area. During this time, the fountain lighting was also switched to LED .
In 2017, the well was cleaned with high-pressure cleaners in two nights . To do this, the overhead lines of the trams had to be taken off the network.
literature
- Hans Schadek: Freiburg, formerly - yesterday - today, The city in the course of the last 100 years , Steinkopf Verlag , 2004
- Friedrich Kempf: Public fountains and monuments . in: Freiburg im Breisgau. The city and its buildings , HM Poppen & Sohn, Freiburg 1898, p. 486 f
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Monument to the dukes of Zäringen from the oldest Zäringer town Freyburg, consecrated to their sovereign prince. Freyburg im Br., 1807, p. 6 f.
- ↑ a b Michael Klant: Forgotten sculptors. In: Sculpture in Freiburg. 19th century art in public space , Freiburg 2000, pp. 164–172, ISBN 3-922675-77-8 , pp. 164 f.
- ^ A b Freiburger Stadtanzeiger in: Freiburger Zeitung of November 6, 1904 (second sheet), digitized . Retrieved June 29, 2012
- ↑ a b Ute Scherb: We get the monuments we deserve. Freiburg Monuments in the 19th and 20th Centuries , Freiburg 2005, ISBN 3-923272-31-6 , pp. 207 f.
- ↑ a b c d Peter Kalchthaler Nikolaus Röslmeir in: Freiburg Biographies , Promo-Verlag Moritz GmbH, Freiburg 2002. ISBN 3-923288-33-6
- ↑ a b Karl Schmid; Hans Schadek: The Zähringer. 2, Impulse and Effect Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 1986, ISBN 3-7995-7041-1 , p. 372
- ↑ Peter Kalchthaler: Freiburg Mitte: How Bertold became quite modern. Badische Zeitung, December 7, 2015, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ Schadek, p. 27
- ^ Badische Zeitung , November 20/21, November 22 and 23, 1973
- ↑ Uwe Mauch: Freiburg: Track renovation: Bertoldsbrunnen must give way to excavators , Badische Zeitung, September 3, 2013, accessed on September 3, 2013
- ^ Joachim Röderer: Freiburg: Local elections: Will the Bertoldsbrunnen renovation be postponed for political reasons? , Badische Zeitung, November 29, 2013, accessed on December 13, 2013
- ↑ Bertoldsbrunnen construction site. (No longer available online.) Freiburg, archived from the original on October 24, 2014 ; accessed on June 16, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Freiburg: construction site gone, lighting on - badische-zeitung.de. Retrieved October 27, 2014 .
- ↑ Julia Littmann: Bertoldsbrunnen disappears between clouds of superheated steam - Freiburg - Badische Zeitung. Badische Zeitung, November 16, 2017, accessed on November 17, 2017 .
Web links
Coordinates: 47 ° 59 ′ 41.53 " N , 7 ° 50 ′ 59.7" E