Betzenbach (Speltach)

	Betzenbach; right main line upper course: Taubbach
	; Image wanted
	Data
Water code	DE : 2388164
location	Swabian-Franconian forest mountains Burgberg Vorhöhen and Speltach Bay; Baden-Württemberg Schwäbisch Hall district Community Frankenhardt ; ;
River system	Rhine
Drain over	Speltach → Jagst → Neckar → Rhine → North Sea
origin	Source of the course of the name:; confluence of Taubbach and Haselbach near Banzenweiler ; 49 ° 5 ′ 34 ″ N , 9 ° 58 ′ 33 ″ E; Source of the main upper course Taubbach :; southwest of Spaichbühl ; 49 ° 4 ′ 57 ″ N , 9 ° 56 ′ 45 ″ E
Source height	approx. 467 m above sea level NHN ; Q. Taubbach
	approx. 429 m above sea level NHN; Zsfls. Taubbach / Haselbach
muzzle	Opposite Fichtenhaus / Schmischhaus from the right and west-southwest in the middle Speltach Coordinates: 49 ° 5 ′ 45 ″ N , 9 ° 59 ′ 53 ″ E 49 ° 5 ′ 45 ″ N , 9 ° 59 ′ 53 ″ E;
Mouth height	417 m above sea level NHN
Height difference	approx. 50 m
Bottom slope	approx. 11 ‰
length	4.5 km ; with OL Taubbach
	1.7 km ; name run from Banzenweiler
Catchment area	5.198 km²

The Betzenbach is a brook in the area of the municipality of Frankenhardt in the district of Schwäbisch Hall in north-eastern Baden-Württemberg , which flows into the Speltach from the right after an approximately east-northeast run below the Betzenmühle . It is less than 2 km long, together with the right and more important Taubbach of its two source brooks, which merges with the left Haselbach at Banzenweiler , on the other hand over 4 km.

geography

Upper Taubbach

The Taubbach rises less than 300 meters southwest of the Frankenhardt hamlet of Spaichbühl in an herbaceous slope hollow at up to 467 m above sea level. NHN at the foot of the eastern slope of the table mountain Hahnenberg ( 505.9 m above sea level ) called Struthalde . Past the hamlet on the flat left slope, it initially flows east-northeast with almost no accompanying gallery in a slight hollow between fields and meadows, crosses under the small connecting road from Spaichbühl to Brunzenberg and becomes about 1.1 km down from its origin at its crossing under the L 1064 from Spaichbühl to Gründelhardt at a little below 445.8 m above sea level. NHN strengthened from the right by the Bühlbach, in terms of length and catchment area an approximately equivalent southwestern upper course, which rises from a pond fed by short forest channels on the waldenge of the road to Brunzenberg.

On the other side of the street, for the first time under a closed row of black alder and willow trees, he crosses a flat meadow, then he moves with partially exposed vegetation next to a field path between fields. The right slope, which is noticeably higher on this side of the Bühlbach, is now up to 505.2 m above sea level. Nonnenkappel towering above the NHN is completely covered by forest. Still under this mountain, about 2.1 km downhill from the source, the Rinnichbach, about 1.2 km long and about 435 m above sea level , flows from the left and west out of a flat hollow . NHN . After two more slope channels from the right, one drain from a pond at the foot of the Nonnenkappe, the other a short spring drain on a steep slope overgrown with trees, have fed the Taubbach, it reaches the southwestern edge of the hamlet of Banzenweiler at K 2638 Gründelhardt – Oberspeltach. On the other side of the road, after a total of about 2.8 km, it runs to about 429 m above sea level. NHN then merges with the 1.2 km long Haselbach to the Betzenbach, which again comes from the west .

course

The Betzenbach has a slightly more easterly direction than the Taubbach and divides into two runs in a now quite wide floodplain after 50 meters. The left branch named Rauhenbach is the almost treeless, 0.8 km long mill canal of the Betzenmühle, it flows at the foot of the slope and just before the mill property through the elongated old mill pond of about 0.4 ha in size. Immediately after the mill area it reunites with the right branch called Betzenbach. In the area of the division, this sticks to the right edge, then to the middle of the floodplain and runs under trees. Below the re-confluence on the small road from Banzenweiler via the Betzenmühle to the L 1066 , the row of trees follows the course in the floodplain that opens towards the Speltach, the last part of the brook between fields is then bare again. 1.7 km below its confluence of Taubbach and Haselbach and about 4.5 km below the Taubbach spring, the Betzenbach finally flows at 417 m above sea level. NHN from the right into the Speltach . On its name section it has a mean bottom slope of about 7 ‰, the main strand including the Taubbach one of about 11 ‰.

Catchment area

The Betzenbach drains 5.2 km² of the municipality of Frankenhardt approximately east-northeast to the Jagst tributary Speltach . His two with about 502.5 m above sea level. NHN's highest points are at its upper tip a little southwest of Spaichbühl in the Waldgewann Geschäufelter swamp on the Hahnenberg and on the summit of the Nonnenkappel northwest of Gründelhardt. Behind the north-western watershed, which runs from the Geschäufelte Marsh, almost to Waldbuch, the Seelesbach flows towards the right Speltach-Oberlauf Buchbach , on the other side of the adjoining northern from there to the confluence, less significant brooks drain to their upper reaches Buchbach and Speltach.

Behind the southeastern watershed from the mouth to the Kammerforst west-southwest of Brunzenberg, the Gründische Brunnen rises first and foremost in the Speltachaue , then the left tributaries of the Stettbach , which flows a little further down into the Speltach, compete behind the border - Gründelbach, Brunnenbach and finally Madenbach. The part of the watershed towards Brunnenbach and Madenbach, on which it runs over the ridge of the nuns' chapel, is morphologically the most striking. The southwestern watershed from the Kammerforst back to the Geschäufelte Swamp, on the other hand, is the most important hydrologically, because the Nesselbach with its upper tributaries arises on the opposite slope of the Hahnenberg, which drains via Bühler and then Kocher to the Neckar, which is also the receiving water of the Jagst.

Tributaries and lakes

List of tributaries and lakes from source to mouth. Length of water, lake area and catchment area and altitude according to the corresponding layers on the LUBW online map. Other sources for the information are noted.

Origin of the Betzenbach at about 429 m above sea level. NHN on the south-eastern edge of Banzenweiler from the confluence of its upper reaches.

Taubbach, right and west-southwest main line upper course, approx. 2.8 km and approx. 2.9 km². Arises southwest of Spaichbühl in an up to 467 m above sea level. NHN high-reaching, herbaceous Wiesenquell basin at the foot of the eastern slope Struthalde of Hahn Berg ( 505.9 m above sea level. NHN ). The stream runs about east-northeast.
- Bühlbach , from the right and southwest to a little below 445.8 m above sea level. NHN on the L 1064 Spaichbühl-Gründelhardt, 0.8 km and approx. 0.7 km². The Brühlbach, which is approx. 1.0 km long up to this tributary, has a catchment area of approx. 0.7 km².
  - Flows at about 465 m above sea level. NHN a pond next to the Spaichbühl – Brunzenberg road on the edge of the Hahnenbergwald, 0.1 ha.
    - (Pond inlet) from the southeast, with a tapering forest rivulet from the south, on the longest flow path under 0.2 km and approx. 0.3 km². Arise at heights of almost 475 m above sea level. NHN .
- Rinnichbach , from the left and west to about 435 m above sea level. NHN in front of the northern foot of the Nonnenkappel ( 502.5 m above sea level ), 1.2 km and approx. 0.5 km². Arises at about 455 m above sea level. NHN east of the K 2665 Spaichbühl – Waldbuch in the Wiesengewann Rinnich .
- (Pond drain), from the right and south-southeast to about 432 m above sea level. NHN just before Banzenweiler, approx. 0.2 km and approx. 0.2 km².
  - Flows in a natural hollow at about 433 m above sea level. NHN a pond at the northern tip of the Nonnenkappel forest, 0.3 ha.
Haselbach , left and west side branch upper reaches, 1.2 km and approx. 1.0 km². Arises at about 447 m above sea level. NHN in the Wasenäckern south of Waldbuch and runs in its natural hollow as a ditch next to a well-developed dirt road to Banzenweiler.
- (Another Haselbach branch), from the left and west-northwest to about 434 m above sea level. NHN a little west of Banzenweiler, approx. 0.7 km and approx. 0.5 km². Arises at about 446 m above sea level. NHN between an Aussiedlerhof from Waldbuch in the northwest and the Haselhalde in the southeast.
(Departure of the tributary Rauhenbach), to the left to about 428 m above sea level. NHN right after the confluence.
- (Pond drain), from the right and south to about 426 m above sea level. NHN on a field lane crossing in the Betzenbach itself, approx. 0.3 km and approx. 0.2 km².
  - Flows in a natural hollow at about 440 m above sea level. NHN a small pond next to the K 2639 Gründelhardt – Banzenweiler, under 0.1 ha.
Rauhenbach, from the left to something below 423.4 m above sea level. NHN next to the little road from the Betzenmühle to the L 1066 , 0.8 km,
- Flows through before the Betzenmühle to about 427 m above sea level. NHN their elongated former mill pond, 0.4 ha.

Mouth of the Betzenbach from the right and finally east to 417 m above sea level. NHN across from the hamlet of Fichtenhaus (or smear house) in the Speltach . The Betzenbach is on its name segment from the confluence of Taubbach and Haselbach approx. 1.7 km and with its main upper course Taubbach approx. 4.5 km from its origin. It has a catchment area of 5.2 km².

Localities

The hamlet of Banzenweiler, traversed by the Haselbach, is located at its confluence with the more important upper course Taubbach to the Betzenbach, the area of the individual estate Betzenmühle , crossed by the left branch of the Rauhenbach, immediately before the reunification of the branches. The farm next to the stream on the southern edge of the hamlet of Spaichbühl on the flat left slope is only about a hundred meters from the course of the upper Taubbach, a repatriate farm on this side of the northern watershed of the hamlet of Waldbuch, which is located outside of the hamlet itself, about two hundred meters from the origin of the left branch of the Haselbach. On the southern watershed, a corner of a new housing estate in the village of Gründelhardt on the eastern slope of the Nonnenkappel juts out into the catchment area. Like the entire catchment area, all settlement areas belong to the community of Frankenhardt .

Natural space and geology

In terms of nature , the Betzenbach catchment area belongs to the sub-area Burgberg-Vorhöhen and Speltachbucht of the Swabian-Franconian Forest Mountains . The geological layers of the Mittelkeuper contained therein range from the Upper Bunter Marls ( Mainhardt Formation ) down to the Gipskeuper ( Grabfeld Formation ).

On the south side of the upper catchment area there is a large, poorly profiled plateau in the silica sandstone ( Hassberge formation ), which continues westward out of the catchment area, with the highest point on the Hahnenberg 505.9 m above sea level. NHN a little southwest of the forest pond outside in the Geschäufelte swamp . The small mountain massif is a witness mountain in front of the step edge of the Ellwang Mountains in the southeast, which is due to the reversal of the relief in the course of the Neckar-Jagst furrow running from west-southwest to east-northeast on the southern edge of the catchment area , a far-reaching subsidence structure, which some especially southeast and is accompanied by outgoing fault lines.

In the area of the highest brook spring area in the catchment area around the Bühlbach spring pond, which lies on the depth line of the furrow, has risen in a tectonically deep position at around 475– 465 m above sea level. NHN a small island of the upper colored marl, which still overlies the silica sandstone and does not occur anywhere else in the catchment area. The narrow Nonnenkappel plateau of the Nonnenkappel (up to 502.5 m above sea level ), also in the silica sandstone, is separated from this island by one of the transverse faults that feathers off from the furrow ; In the direction of the dividing fault, the road L 1064 Gründelhardt – Spaichbühl leads over a striking small pass. With the lowering of the narrow Nonnenkappel ridge, the silica sandstone is completely exposed to the east, which here, as elsewhere , is lined with a mostly wide band of lower colored marls ( Steigerwald formation ) on the slope.

On the flatter slope under this layer, the reed sandstone ( Stuttgart Formation ) spreads out, which takes up quite a bit of area northeast of Gründelhardt and around Spaichbühl and - for example there on the summit of Himmelreich (up to 480 m above sea level ) - provides good arable land. At its transition to the Gipskeuper ( Grabfeld Formation ) below, a little south of Spaichbühl, the second highest source in the brook system rises at around 467 m above sea level. NHN , that of the main upper course of the Betzenbach Taubbach, which is only a few meters in altitude, but about three formations lower than the short courses to the original pond of the Bühlbach due to the tectonic location outside the depression furrow.

The gypsum keuper, which occupies most of the catchment area in the north and east, sets in with its layers of estheria, below which a wide, very flat plain spreads out, which is due to the not very thick but erosion-resistant dolomitic Corbula layer in the subsoil. The streams have dug notch valleys into them, with mostly prominent upper slope kinks. The streams in Gipskeuper soon run in ribbons of floodplain sediment of varying width. The Betzenbach flows into the very wide floodplain of the Speltach, which is also accompanied by such a band.

In the southern catchment area, the catchment area is framed by the tabular Hahnenberg (outside up to 505.9 m above sea level ) on the southeast side of the catchment area and by the ridge that continues barely lower on the south-eastern edge to the Nonnenkappel ( 502.5 m above sea level ). On the high slopes there is predominantly forest, while the rest of the catchment area is an open meadow landscape with, apart from the immediate stream valleys, especially in the north, wide areas at a fairly uniform height a little around 450 m above sea level. NHN . In the corridor, the fields dominate, some of which were merged into large areas during the land consolidation and often reach as far as the streams, which is why there are only a few field hedges, but on some slopes dry grass, remains of old hats and small heather areas. Most noticeable here are the two hill spurs on both sides of the descent of the L 1066 from Gründelhardt into the floodplain of the Speltach, on which large old hat oaks stand, under which sheep sometimes still graze today. The watercourses no longer show natural loops anywhere in the hallway.

Individual evidence

LUBW

Official online waterway map with a suitable section and the layers used here: Course and catchment area of the Betzenbach
General introduction without default settings and layers: State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( notes )

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Height according to the contour line image on the background layer topographic map .

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m Height according to black lettering on the background layer topographic map .

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Length according to the water network layer ( AWGN ) , an additional upper section of the Taubbach stream west of the Spaichbühl – Brunzenberg road, which was not taken into account in the polygon course, was measured on the topographic map background layer .

↑ ^a ^b Length according to the waterway network layer ( AWGN ) .

↑ ^a ^{b Catchment} area according to the basic catchment area layer (AWGN) .

↑ ^a ^b ^c The layer of waters network (AWGN) calls the Ha f elbach , probably a misspelling, because its two branches enclose the Ha ſ elhalde ( long S !) After the background layer topographic map .; there the stream itself does not have any inscriptions.
↑ Lake area after the layer standing waters .
↑ Catchment area measured on the background layer topographic map .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Length measured on the background layer topographic map .

Other evidence

↑ Wolf-Dieter Sick : Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 162 Rothenburg o. D. Deaf. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1962. → Online map (PDF; 4.7 MB)
↑ Geology according to the geological map listed under → Literature . A rough overview also provides: Mapserver of the State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining (LGRB) ( notes )

literature

Topographic map 1: 25,000 Baden-Württemberg, as single sheet No. 6925 Obersontheim
Geological map of Baden-Württemberg 1: 25,000, published by the State Geological Office 1982, sheet no. 6925 Obersontheim with explanatory booklet.

Web links

Map of the Betzenbach and its catchment area on: State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( information )

[LUBW-TK-HLB-Höhe-1] Height according to the contour line image on the background layer topographic map .

[LUBW-TK-Schwarz-Höhe-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m Height according to black lettering on the background layer topographic map .

[BfL-162-10] Wolf-Dieter Sick : Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 162 Rothenburg o. D. Deaf. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1962. → Online map (PDF; 4.7 MB)

[LGRB-Geologie-11] Geology according to the geological map listed under → Literature . A rough overview also provides: Mapserver of the State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining (LGRB) ( notes )