Security service
Security (also guard service , is also widespread in the German language, the English term security ) is a collective term for services Bewachungs industry in the areas of physical protection , protection of events and personal protection .
Modern facility management distinguishes between three core areas: infrastructural, technical and commercial building management. In the first area, security management services are the most important component alongside cleaning services .
Range of services
The range of services in this branch of industry and subordinate professional groups usually includes the security services listed below.
- Property protection
- Securing a property by qualified personnel
- Event service and conference protection
- Admission controls, stewards, cash register controls, crowd management (according to § 43 Paragraph 4 Model Meeting Places Ordinance MVStättV)
- Fire protection
- Fire safety guards, sprinkler tests, fire brigade parallel connections
- Revierdienst
- Unlocking and locking of properties as well as patrols by mobile patrol units
- Alarm activation
- Activation of hazard alarm systems and video surveillance systems in accordance with VdS guidelines as well as alarm tracking
- Personal protection
- Protecting people in dangerous situations
- Protection of a construction site against theft and vandalism
- Store monitoring
- Protection against theft in retail
- Airport services
- Outer skin surveillance and property protection (based on the BADV); Passenger control (person control as entrusted by the federal government according to § 5 Aviation Security Act and ticket control); Baggage and personnel control (flight crews and ground staff) according to § 8 and § 9 Aviation Security Act
Services according to DIN 77200-1
The standard for quality in the security industry according to DIN 77200-1: 2017-11 (Security Services - Part 1: General Requirements for Security Service Providers) includes the following services:
- stationary services (at a company on site)
- Alarm service (support of technical systems and tracking of alarms and messages)
- Reception service (representative support for employees and external persons)
- Control service (carrying out control activities using technical systems, e.g. tracking emergency messages)
- mobile services
- Revierdienst (regular control of spatially separated properties)
- Intervention service (initiation of agreed measures within a defined period)
- Control service (carrying out control activities using technical systems, e.g. tracking emergency messages)
- Event service
tasks
Security services
The basic tasks of a relevant service contract for security services are the separate guard service , the entrance and exit control as property and plant security with porter activities to control employees, but also the preventive fire protection during patrols, in particular the monitoring of hazard alarm systems, possibly stationary via an emergency call - and service control center . Armed and unarmed personal protection is available for particularly vulnerable people . In the transport sector , there are essential tasks in the transport of money and valuables and in the security courier services .
The market for security services in Germany
In 2012, the following providers largely determined the German market for security services:
| rank | Companies | Sales definitely in Germany in million euros | Number of employees in Germany |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Securitas Holding | 644.0 | 19,200 |
| 2 | Kötter group of companies | 310.0 | 9,450 |
| 3 | Lower Saxony Wach- und Schliessgesellschaft Eggeling & Schorling *) 1) | 184.0 | 5,225 |
| 4th | Wisag Sicherheit & Service Holding | 152.0 | 5.132 |
| 5 | WIS security + service | 109 | 3,517 |
| 6th | Pond Security Service 2) | 90.7 | 2,300 |
| 7th | Dussmann Service Germany *) 3) | 78.5 | 2,710 |
| 8th | Klüh Security 4) | 78.0 | 2,750 |
| 9 | KWS Kiel Guard and Security Company *) | 72.5 | 2,300 |
| 10 | big group | 57.3 | 2.145 |
- *) Sales or employee numbers are partially estimated
- 1) Sales of security services from VSU Vereinigte Sicherheitsunternehmen GmbH
- 2) The decline in sales will u. a. justified with austerity measures by the US Army.
- 3) Exclusive Kursana and Kulturkaufhaus. Total turnover of the Dussmann Group in 2012: 1,729 million euros
- 4) Domestic sales including service companies and tax groups: 435.5 million euros
Inclusion in this ranking is subject to precisely defined criteria. More than 50% of sales must be achieved with facility services sales that contain security services either proportionately or exclusively. More than two thirds of sales have to be generated on the external market. Companies with a single specialized service ( e.g. money and value logistics ) are not taken into account. These companies are grouped together in the Federal Association of German Money and Value Services .
The Lünendonk GmbH, Kaufbeuren, considered continuously the market for security services in Germany since in 2009. The market research company does not claim to represent the entire market. It focuses on looking at the leading providers in a specific market segment. In addition, some medium-sized and small security service providers are included in the analyzes for comparison purposes. Together, these companies represent the basic structure of the market and such high sales shares that it is possible to draw conclusions for the overall situation and development.
At the end of 2012, 139,798 employees subject to social insurance were working in the security industry. In 2013 the turnover in Germany was 5.49 billion euros.
other services
The activity profile of the security service has undergone a considerable change in recent years. As part of the increased outsourcing of operational tasks, activities are increasingly being transferred to the security service. In addition to cost savings, important arguments for a client are that the security staff are already working in the property and that in addition to knowledge of processes, the power of keys and thus access to many processes are available in the company.
Additional services
In addition to the actual security and guarding tasks, the “All-Service-Services” also have other accompanying tasks, such as cleaning, winter and gritting services. Logistics services such as goods receipt or internal transport (also with forklifts), courier and messenger services, and post and telephone services developed from the former porters. The gatekeeper with the control at the property entrance was assigned additional work that also ran through the entrance of the property. The gate opening service (opening of a factory gate at a certain time, for example at the start of work) is retained. On the other hand, the caretaker service developed in the direction of security and control in the property, i.e. towards the porter duties.
Since the property security and guard service is familiar with the local conditions and may not be busy full-time, activities according to the Occupational Safety Act (specialist for occupational safety), planning, trading, assembly, maintenance and repair of alarm and other security technology were added. That goes as far as the maintenance and repair of technical systems or the inspection and repair of hand fire extinguishers.
Because of the attacks on railway systems and railway safety facilities, as a terrorist attack, because of cable theft due to high non-ferrous metal prices or the downsizing of civil servants on the railway, monitoring and control in local public transport is often passed on to security companies.
Objects and facilities
If objects have an increased need for protection or pacification, security services are active in them. Barracks and ammunition depots , energy systems (especially nuclear power plants ) and warehouses for valuable or dangerous goods should be mentioned. Based on experience from terrorist attacks, train stations (DB Sicherheit GmbH), public transport (subway station), ports and airports (security control) are more visible than objects to be guarded. In addition to particularly endangered private buildings, embassy buildings, public institutions and museums are among the objects that are particularly worthy of protection. With large crowds such as in discos and clubs or at sporting events in stadiums , it is important to guard parts of the building or to ensure order.
The members of the security service generally exercise the power of keys and domiciliary rights as "property servants" in such objects .
Admission requirements and basics in Germany
Legal basis
The legal basis in Germany is mainly Section 34a of the Industrial Code ( GewO ), the Guarding Ordinance (BewachV) and the Accident Prevention Regulation DGUV Regulation 23, as well as the relevant provisions of the Weapons Act for security workers carrying weapons . Employees of private security services are basically only entitled to the rights of citizens to which everyone is entitled ( everyone's right , § 127 Paragraph 1 StPO - provisional arrest) such as § 32 StGB ( self-defense ), emergency aid, emergency and in the event of transfer, the property rights ( § 860 BGB ) and the house right , too. Exceptions arise from the assignment of sovereign rights, in Germany this mainly applies to the areas of aviation security , guarding nuclear power plants and Bundeswehr facilities .
The prerequisite for the commercial guarding of the life or property of other people ( guarding trade ) is the official permit . It is refused if there is actually justified suspicion of the unreliability of a trader or an operations or branch manager, in the event of disordered financial circumstances and without evidence of a professional examination and liability insurance; Reliability is checked again every five years at the latest . The prerequisite for employing a person with the implementation of security tasks, i.e. a security person, is their reliability and proof of their successful instruction in the legal and technical principles. For certain activities, e.g. B. in public traffic areas, as a department store detective or as a doorman of hotel and restaurant discotheques , the competence examination according to § 34a Abs. 1a S. 2 GewO is necessary. Each security guard and every manager is before work with their data via the official Bewacherregister to register. Which then awarded Bewacherregisteridentifikationsnummer be included in the statement, each person must receive wax and they shall carry on any security. Further qualification opportunities or apprenticeships are: Certified protection and security worker (IHK), service worker for protection and security, specialist for protection and security and master for protection and security . The chambers of industry and commerce have the monopoly for teaching according to § 34 GewO as well as all exams , private educational institutions can only take over the exam preparation.
Uniform and uniform
If the security service designates uniforms for its security staff, it must ensure, in accordance with Section 12 BewachV, that it cannot be confused with the uniforms of members of the armed forces or official enforcement bodies and that no badges are used that are confusingly similar to official badges. Security staff who are to enter fenced property in the course of their duties must wear appropriate uniforms. Due to the progressive change in German police uniforms, these many uniforms look very similar to private security guards. The legislature cannot retrospectively prohibit the security services from using their existing uniforms.
insurance
In accordance with Section 14 (2) BewachV, the security company is obliged to take out security liability insurance with the following minimum insurance sums:
| Sum insured in EUR | scope |
|---|---|
| 1,000,000 | Personal injury |
| 250,000 | Property damage |
| 15,000 | Lost property |
| 12,500 | Pure financial loss |
The insurer's benefits for all damage caused within an insurance year must be at least twice the stated minimum insured amounts.
The guarding of land vehicles is now clearly subject to compulsory insurance by the version of the BewachV valid from June 1, 2019 at the latest. The frequently occurring exclusion of cover in the usual insurance policies of many providers is no longer permissible.
If a security company goes bankrupt, Section 115 (1) No. 2 of the Insurance Contract Act (VVG) applies, according to which the injured party can assert his claim directly against the security service provider's insurer.
Problem
There are two fundamental tendencies that show the statutory minimum standard of insurance protection to be inadequate. On the one hand, the concentration of values in many objects to be guarded, such as industrial plants, data centers or freight forwarding warehouses, has increased significantly, so that the minimum sums are often not even close to compensating for damage. On the other hand, the range of activities has clearly developed from a security service to a comprehensive service provider. The insurance coverage of many security companies has not taken this change into account. The company description “security company” is regularly insufficient to cover the multitude of tasks and to ensure the necessary insurance cover.
The security regulations do not require insurance cover for lost keys. Nevertheless, the loss of a single master master key in a locking system can result in damage in the six-figure range. The sums insured for this risk are often too low, so that an uninsured loss of keys can lead to the security company becoming insolvent. As a result, the client must bear the damage incurred in this constellation.
Unlike other employers, the security service is also liable for criminal acts that a security employee commits at a client in the performance of the service, including theft of all kinds and arson, but also telephone and Internet abuse. This risk is not insured in the majority of insurance contracts with security services in Germany.
Minimum standard insurance coverage of the BDSW
The Federal Association of the Security Industry (BDSW), in which more than 80% of the industry turnover is organized, has been dealing with the question of the necessary and modern insurance protection for security service providers since the end of 2006. The “minimum standard of insurance protection” was developed from the considerations for establishing membership in the BDSW as a “seal of quality”. As a result of the refugee crisis in 2015, the BDSW published its recommendations for the selection of suitable service providers for services related to the care and accommodation of refugees. In this context, the "minimum standard of insurance protection" was brought onto the market as a recommendation. It essentially comprises sums insured that are well above the legally required minimum standard in accordance with Section 6 BewachV, a description of the minimum insured activities and the positively formulated insurance coverage for criminal acts by security staff. The sums insured are:
| Sum insured in EUR | scope |
|---|---|
| 2,500,000 | Flat rate personal injury and property damage, including damage to and destruction of guarded property |
| 250,000 | Financial loss, in particular in accordance with the Federal Data Protection Act |
| 250,000 | Lost property |
| 250,000 | Lost keys and code cards |
| 250,000 | Processing or activity damage |
| 2,500,000 | Environmental liability damage including environmental liability recourse |
The stipulation of the minimum standard for the insurance protection for criminal acts reads "Also insured is the legal liability of the policyholder for damages caused by security staff in the causal connection with criminal acts in case of loss, damage or destruction of guarded property." This results in the application of the specified sums insured:
- € 2,500,000 for arson
- € 250,000 for thefts by security guards
- € 250,000 for telephone and internet abuse
DIN 77200-1 and insurance coverage
The revised version of the old DIN 77200 was published in October 2017. For the first time in a law-like paper, specifications for the necessary insurance protection are made, which are based strongly on the minimum standard of insurance protection of the BDSW and significantly increase the legal requirements of § 14 BewachV. The requirements for insurance cover are regulated in section 4.3 as follows:
| Sum insured in EUR | scope |
|---|---|
| 2,500,000 | Flat rate personal injury and property damage |
| 250,000 | Financial loss, in particular in accordance with the Federal Data Protection Act |
| 250,000 | Loss of guarded property, especially proof of the insurance of unauthorized actions on the part of the agents of the contractor (security service provider) |
| 250,000 | Lost keys and code cards |
| 250,000 | Processing or activity damage |
| 2,500,000 | Environmental Liability Damage |
The above Sums are given as they are intended and practical. In fact, the requirements of DIN 77200-1 cannot be met in this way from an insurance point of view, as they contain technical errors. There will probably be a revised version of DIN 77200-1 in 2019 in which these deficiencies are to be remedied.
The failure to mention the item "Damage and destruction of guarded property" is insufficient. If the minimum standard of the BDSW specifies the same sum as the sum insured for this as for property damage, then DIN 77200-1 does not make any specifications. This means that the requirements of DIN 77200-1 are also met if property damage is insured with € 2,500,000, but at the same time damage and destruction of guarded items are only insured with a sublimit of € 250,000 in accordance with Section 14 BewachV. Unfortunately, this is a common practice of many insurers in order to minimize the insured risk inconspicuously. The result is that the legal requirements of the BewachV are met, but at the same time the security service and the client are weighed in a false security, because both assume a sum of € 2,500,000 instead of € 250,000.
Another major shortcoming is that there must be insurance coverage for criminal acts by security staff. However, for incomprehensible reasons, this requirement is only applied to theft. Here the DIN 77200-1 deviates from the minimum standard of the BDSW downwards. Neither damage caused by telephone and internet abuse nor, in particular, damage caused by arson are subject to insurance coverage. The result is that a security service provider has unlimited liability for arson, but insurance coverage for many insurance contracts found on the German insurance market only exists up to the non-restrictive sums insured for property damage of € 250,000 or € 12,500 for property damage in accordance with Section 14 Guard Ordinance.
It is also not clear why DIN 77200-1 does not include a specification for environmental liability recourse. This addition should also be made in a later version analogous to the minimum standard of the BDSW.
See also
- Security (trade fair) , the world's largest trade fair for security and fire protection technology
- Alliance for Security in Business
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Covering risks - insurance protection for security service providers at airports . In: W&S 6/2012 pp. 22-23.
- ↑ Lünendonk list 2013 "Leading security service providers in Germany" (PDF; 193 kB)
- ↑ http://www.nwsg.de/stdmenu/kontakt.html
- ↑ The guard and security services, as well as detective agencies in figures. Accessed on November 25, 2014.
- ↑ § 34a Abs. 1 GewO
- ↑ § 34a Paragraph 1a Clause 1 GewO
- ↑ § 16 and § 18 BewachV
- ↑ Land vehicle surveillance - an eternal problem? . In: DSD Der Sicherheitsdienst 03/2019 pp. 56–57
- ↑ a b c The damage is followed by the premium increase . In: WIK 08/2003 pp. 22–24, SecuMedia Verlags-GmbH
- ↑ Unexpected risks for the client . In: WIK Special June 2009 pp. 6–8, SecuMedia Verlags-GmbH
- ↑ Position paper of the BDSW on the protection of refugee accommodation from March 15, 2016, later and today (February 2019) still current print of the association: "Security service provider of the BDSW - your partner in the protection of refugee accommodation"
- ↑ Significantly improved insurance cover for refugee accommodation . In: DSD Der Sicherheitsdienst 2/2016 pp. 28–29
- ↑ a b c d Security company inadequately insured according to DIN specifications . In: Security Insight 6/2017 pp. 42–44
