Birkhof (Schernfeld)

Birkhof Municipality Schernfeld Coordinates: 48 ° 54 ′ 48 ″ N , 11 ° 7 ′ 53 ″ E
Height :	540-542 m above sea level NN
Residents :	79 (1983)
Postal code :	85132
Area code :	08421

The Birkhof is part of the municipality of Schernfeld in the district of Eichstätt in the administrative district of Upper Bavaria .

location

Birkhof is located northwest of Eichstätt and northeast of Schernfeld on the plateau of the Southern Franconian Alb on State Road 2047 .

history

"Birchach" is mentioned for the first time in 1186. In 1211 the sisters Juta and Kunigundis donated their inheritance to the Benedictine convent of St. Walburg in Eichstätt. The Birkhof was an important property for the monastery until secularization . The monastery kept cows, pigs and sheep here, mainly to cover its own needs; In addition, horses and draft oxen were part of the farm. The farm's cattle breeding included ducks, pigeons and chickens. The farm's good arable soil was used to grow grain, legumes , cabbage and hops . Between 1792 and 1801, the Birkhof supplied the monastery with about 340 Metzen wheat , 303 Metzen grain, 450 Metzen barley , 300 Metzen spelled , 285 Metzen oats , 20 Metzen peas , 10 Metzen lentils , 5300 heads of cabbage and 143 pounds of hops in the annual average from 1792 to 1801 . Further annual income for the monastery was approximately 350 pounds of lard , 35 pounds of butter , 30 measures of milk and 1,880 eggs.

In 1602 it was recorded in a visit report: "On the Pürkhoff (there are) Meier and Meierin, shepherd, 2 maids, 17 horses, 4 teams, 1 riding horse, 13 cows, about 5 cows for slaughter; they have a large farm, the master builder and the judges are set before those servants and maidservants. " (Quoted from Zunker, p. 34). Around 1800 the farm was run by around 12 permanent employees and an unknown number of day laborers ; they were predominantly with kind remunerated. Overall, the farm was not run very profitably, which is why it was leased temporarily; It has been handed down that some fields were only fertilized once every 15 years and some not at all.

The blood tenth of the Birkhof (in the form of small cattle or young animals) went to the Catholic pastor in Rupertsbuch at the end of the Old Kingdom ; the Birkhof ecclesiastically belonged to the parish Rupertsbuch. The tithe from Sappenfeld , Rupertsbuch and Workerszell to which the monastery is entitled - different proportions of the respective large and small tenth - was deposited at the Birkhof.

As a result of the secularization of the farm with its 97 ½ days of work fields and 30 ¾ days of work meadows on 15./16. Sold September 1806 under the direction of the Eichstätter royal rent clerk; the tithing was on 25./26. Auctioned November 1806. Anton Göldl from Pietenfeld paid 10820 guilders for the acquisition of the Birkhof . The Birkhof thus achieved the second highest sales result of the former monastery property; only the much larger Hofmark Gempfing of the monastery produced higher sales proceeds.

While five people lived on the Birkhof in 1830, the population was 30 in 1912 and 79 in 1983.

Catholic chapel

The court chapel was consecrated in 1867.

societies

Heimatverein Sappenfeld-Birkhof

literature

Historical Atlas of Bavaria. Franken series I issue 6: Eichstätt . 1959
The Eichstätter area past and present. Eichstätt: Sparkasse 1984, p. 168
Antonöffelmeier: The St. Walburg Monastery in Eichstätt at the end of the Old Kingdom. Economic and social conditions, internal structure. In: Collective sheet of the historical association Eichstätt 87 (1994), pp. 7–110
Maria Magdalena Zunker: History of the Benedictine Abbey of St. Walburg in Eichstätt from 1305 until today. Lindenberg: Kunstverlag Josef Fink 2009