Sappenfeld

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Sappenfeld
Municipality Schernfeld
Sappenfeld coat of arms
Coordinates: 48 ° 55 ′ 17 "  N , 11 ° 7 ′ 33"  E
Height : 550 m above sea level NN
Residents : 385  (1987)
Incorporation : 1st January 1971
Postal code : 85132
Area code : 08421

Sappenfeld is a district of the Upper Bavarian community Schernfeld in the district of Eichstätt .

The church of Sappenfeld

Geographical location

The street village is located northwest of the district town of Eichstätt on the plateau of the Franconian Alb, west of federal road 13 and north of state road 2047 . The houses are mainly lined up on a village street that runs from east to west to the nearby Weißenburger Forst.

Place name

The place name is derived from the personal name "Sappo" and indicates a noble foundation.

history

Sappenfeld belonged to the counts of the Sualafeldgau , who sat in Dollnstein and later, as counts of Hirschberg, were the patrons of the Eichstätter church. The place is mentioned for the first time in 1130, in connection with a letter of indulgence for the St. Anna chapel, which became a pilgrimage chapel. In the dispute over the "Hirschberg legacy" after the Hirschberg bailiffs had died out with Count Gebhard VII, "Sappenuelde" was awarded to the Bishop of Eichstätt in 1305, whereby only the village court can be meant, as later ownership shows: in 1347 the Counts of Oettingen sold their estate at "Sappenvelt", which they probably received as Reichsministeriale, to the Eichstätter Bishop Albrecht I von Hohenfels , and in 1443 Johann von Heideck sold two goods at "Sappenfelt", including the Meierhof, to the Eichstätter Bishop Albrecht II von Hohenrechberg . In addition, in 1486 , Bishop Wilhelm von Reichenau exchanged goods for Sappenfeld from Rebdorf Abbey . Towards the end of the Old Kingdom , the Eichstätt bishopric had manorial property in Sappenfeld with Zinsern to the episcopal caste office Mörnsheim (including the former Heidecker property) and to the court caste office Eichstätt, the cathedral chapter Eichstätt, the Rebdorf monastery (at least since 1452), the community (smithy and shepherd's house) and an "own" farmer. In total, the Sappenfelder Flur comprised around 120 hectares of arable land. Grazing rights existed for the Schernfeld forest.

Up until the 18th century, farmers from Sappenfeld supplied the prince-bishop's iron and steel works in Obereichstätt twice a week with the red sand required for artificial casting.

At the end of the Old Kingdom, 34 farms and estates from Sappenfeld were subject to the Mörnsheim episcopal caste office, 2 goods to the court caste office and 1 property to the cathedral chapter. The caste office Mörnsheim exercised the village and community rule. High Court-the village was under the Pflegamt Dollnstein.

In 1802, Sappenfeld fell to the Grand Duchy of Tuscany as a result of the secularization of the Eichstätt Monastery and in 1806 to the Kingdom of Bavaria and there to the Eichstätt Regional Court and Rent Office. In 1808 the village with the wasteland of Birkhof was added to the Schernfeld tax district. With the municipal edict of 1818, Sappenfeld became an independent municipality with the connection of the Birkhof. In 1830 the church village had 160 inhabitants with 40 properties.

In 1950 there were 338 residents in 51 properties. In the course of the regional reform in Bavaria , Sappenfeld was incorporated into Schernfeld on January 1, 1971. In 1983 there were 19 full-time and 15 part-time farms in the village with 316 inhabitants.

Catholic branch church “St. Sebastian and Anna "

Late Gothic wooden sculpture

The village had been parish to Obereichstätt since ancient times and had a village church consecrated to St. Sebastian since 1523 . From the time of Bishop Gabriel von Eyb (1496 - 1535) the choir with groin vault still comes from . A high altar was consecrated in 1593 . From 1749 Sappenfeld belonged to the newly established St. Michael parish in Rupertsbuch as a branch of St. Sebastian and St. Anna . In 1680 a tower was built and the nave was enlarged under Bishop Marquard II. Schenk von Castell by the prince-bishop's court architect Jakob Engel . A coat of arms by Christian Handschuher indicates this on the outside of the tower . In 1957 the church was rebuilt by the Munich architect Friedrich Ferdinand Haindl while retaining the old choir and tower . The sacred building houses works of art from the early 15th century to the 19th century. Several portraits are dedicated to the patron of the church, St. Martyr Sebastian. A small wooden figure - probably carved around 1520 - on the right nave wall in front and the large oil painting on the left in front, which was painted by Johann Adam Weber in 1815 and originally served as an altarpiece. Today's altar is dominated by a life-size crucifixion group, which, according to local tradition , was acquired from the Rebdorf monastery after the secularization . The crucifix is ​​evidently a creation by the Eichstatt sculptor Ignaz Alexander Breitenauer (1757 - 1838), while the side figures Maria and Johannes are only workshop work. The two statues to the right and left of the choir arch - good late Gothic work from around 1480 - were previously venerated as St. Erhard and St. Ottilie and only later redesigned as the Eichstatt diocesan saints Willibald and Walburga . The oldest and most beautiful picture in the church is a late Gothic wooden sculpture (around 1420) on the left nave wall. Sitting on a bench, Maria is portrayed as a girl and queen at the same time. Also noteworthy is the panel painting on the front left, probably made in the early 17th century, on which the boy Michael von Sappenfeld, allegedly murdered by Tittingen Jews in 1540, can be seen ( ritual murder legend ).

Population numbers

  • 1830: 160 inhabitants, 40 properties
  • 1861: 224 inhabitants, 74 buildings
  • 1900: 274 inhabitants, 50 residential buildings
  • 1950: 338 inhabitants, 51 residential buildings
  • 1961: 318 inhabitants, 62 residential buildings
  • 1987: 385 inhabitants, 88 buildings with living space

See also

literature

  • Gerhard Hirschmann: Historical Atlas of Bavaria. Part Franconia, series I, booklet 6 (Eichstätt). Munich 1959.
  • Interior renovation of the church in Sappenfeld will soon be finished. In: Eichstätter Kurier of October 30, 1981.
  • The Eichstätter area past and present. 2nd edition, Eichstätt: Sparkasse 1984.
  • Friedrich Eigler : The early and high medieval settlement of the Altmühl-Rezat-Rednitz area. Vienna: Profile 2000.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Eigler, p. 305
  2. ↑ Eigler, p. 219
  3. ^ W. Bernecker: Documents on the history of Dollnstein. In: Historical sheets for the city and district of Eichstätt 2 (1953), February no., P. 5
  4. ↑ Interior renovation of the church in Sappenfeld will soon be finished. In: Eichstätter Kurier of October 30, 1981
  5. ↑ a b Eigler, p. 302; Eichstätter Raum, p. 277
  6. ↑ Historical Atlas, p. 29f.
  7. ↑ Eigler, p. 302
  8. ↑ Eigler, p. 337
  9. ^ Josef Ettle: Five Centuries of Obereichstätt Hut. In: Historische Blätter für Stadt und Landkreis Eichstätt, 26 (1976), No. 3, p. 11
  10. ↑ Historical Atlas, p. 139
  11. ↑ a b c Historical Atlas, p. 198
  12. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 456 .
  13. ↑ Eichstätter Raum, p. 278
  14. ↑ Historischer Verein Eichstätt 87 (1994), p. 35
  15. ↑ Eichstätter Raum, pp. 277f.
  16. ↑ Interior renovation of the church in Sappenfeld will soon be finished. In: Eichstätter Kurier of October 30, 1981
  17. ^ Zecherle, Karl: Sappenfeld. In: Churches and monasteries in the district of Eichstätt, published by the district of Eichstätt, 1983, p. 14
  18. ↑ About the Church
  19. ^ Joseph Heyberger, Chr. Schmitt, v. Wachter: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical local dictionary . In: K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Bavaria. Regional and folklore of the Kingdom of Bavaria . tape 5 . Literary and artistic establishment of the JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, Munich 1867, Sp. 1010 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10374496-4 ( digitized version ).
  20. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1173 ( digitized version ).
  21. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 1047 ( digitized version ).
  22. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 769 ( digitized version ).
  23. ↑ Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 83 ( digitized version ).

Web links

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