Borsbergstrasse
| Borsbergstrasse | |
|---|---|
 |
|
 |
|
| Square-like extension of Borsbergstrasse with a view of the former Café Borsberg | |
| Basic data | |
| place | Dresden |
| District | Striesen |
| Newly designed | 1955-1958 |
| Hist. Names | Street J. |
| Connecting roads | Striesener Strasse, Schandauer Strasse |
| Cross streets | Anton-Graff-Strasse, Krenkelstrasse, Tittmannstrasse, Müller-Berset-Strasse, Bertolt-Brecht-Allee, Spenerstrasse |
| Places | Fetscherplatz |
| Buildings | Sacred Heart Church |
| use | |
| User groups | Motor traffic , public transport , pedestrian traffic , bicycle traffic |
The Borsbergstraße is a street in the Dresden district Striesen . It is considered the district's shopping street and is part of the Pillnitzer Strasse / Striesener Strasse / Borsbergstrasse / Schandauer Strasse / Wehlener Strasse traffic axis , which runs east from the edge of the old town to Tolkewitz . The street is named after the Borsberg , a mountain not far from the Dresden district of Borsberg .
history
The old Pillnitzer Chaussee, called "Straße J", once led from the residence to the Pillnitzer ferry. This later became part of Borsbergstrasse and was continued in Schandauer Strasse. When a new residential area was built in Johannstadt in 1874 , a brewery, gardening shops, the Friedrich brickyard and a chemical factory set up shop on the street. The large-scale development of Borsbergstrasse with rental villas and closed apartment blocks began around 1900 .
In 1884 the road J was expanded and tram tracks were laid. The street was widened to more than 22 meters and paved. In August 1903, the street, now named after the Borsberg, was expanded and paved with second category green stones. The road was opened to traffic on August 22, 1904. The construction costs at that time amounted to 107,000 marks. In 1905 the Catholic Herz-Jesu-Kirche was consecrated at Borsbergstraße 15.
On February 13, 1945, Borsbergstrasse was partially destroyed in the air raids on Dresden . A section of street with villa-like buildings and part of the apartment blocks have been preserved. The new development to the west of it was built between 1955 and 1958. In 2013, Borsbergstrasse was completely renovated. The roadway, the tram tracks, lighting, signal systems, bike paths / sidewalks and stops were renewed or newly created.
Development
The development of the Borsbergstrasse began in the second half of the 19th century. Of the early buildings, only a partially preserved individual building of the horse train station built in 1884 remains today. A more concentrated development of the Borsbergstraße finally took place around 1900, when numerous buildings with Art Nouveau elements were built. While the western development had a villa-like character and with "cube houses" is typical for the development of the historic Striesen, the buildings were realized from today's Borsbergstraße 19 in multi-storey closed development. While the villas at Borsbergstrasse 1-14 were preserved, the majority of the buildings were destroyed using the closed construction method. Today only the complex Borsbergstrasse 19-21 reminds of the original block development. Another example of preserved apartment blocks with elements of Art Nouveau can be found in Krenkelstraße, a side street off Borsbergstraße. The Catholic Herz-Jesu-Kirche, located at Borsbergstrasse 15, survived the bombing of Dresden without major damage.
Development on Borsbergstrasse 16–32 and 23–33 began after the decision was made in 1955 in the GDR to industrialize construction. In the years 1955 to 1958, on Borsbergstrasse, “a large block construction method using brick rubble with standardized elements was used for the first time in Dresden ”. The existing historical buildings were taken into account, so the building lines and the height of the roof ridge were taken over from the existing building , so that the new building is now referred to as a “happy synthesis between old and new”. The redevelopment of Borsbergstrasse from 1955 is considered a “good example of the beginning of the industrialization of construction in the former GDR”.
Both the rental villas and the reconstruction from the 1950s are listed as historical monuments. This does not apply to buildings on Borsbergstrasse 34 to 48, under which there is a supermarket, for example.
Borsbergstrasse 1–21 and 2–14
The rental villa Borsbergstrasse 1 was built in 1901 in a transition style from late historicism to art nouveau . The facade is structured with sandstone and shows, among other things, relief images such as masks and representations of trees. The house was renovated in 1995. In 1903 the double villa Borsbergstrasse 2/4 was built , which is mirror-inverted but asymmetrical. Corner bay windows and window coronations show typical Art Nouveau plant motifs, which were used sparingly.
The three-storey house at Borsbergstrasse 7 was built in 1901 for master builder Hermann Otto Schurig . The corner house on Anton-Graff-Straße is characterized by its "[s] päthistorist-picturesque exterior" and combines elements of Art Nouveau with echoes of the half-timbered building . Inside, the stairwell shows, among other things, an Art Nouveau ceiling painting with a seated woman, peacock and girl. The rental villa opposite, Borsbergstraße 11 , was also built as a corner house on Anton-Graff-Straße and was built in 1901 for the sculptor Ernst Becher . The "[m] alerisch, multifaceted ... building" has corner turrets, round bay windows , wooden balconies and window crowns made with clinker bricks. The roof gables were designed both curved in Art Nouveau and half-timbered. The sculptor Etha Richter, known for her depictions of animals, lived in the building until her death in 1977 .
After the end of the First World War, the physician Willy Katz , whom his friend Victor Klemperer mentions in his diaries, practiced on the first floor of the rental villa at Borsbergstrasse 14 . Katz was Jewish and from 1938 practiced on the ground floor of the house as the only doctor in town who was allowed to treat Jewish citizens. After 1945 what was probably the city's first polyclinic was built here , which Katz ran until his death in 1947.
The last remaining buildings of closed block development are the residential and commercial buildings Borsbergstrasse 19 , 19 b and 21. They were built between 1899 and 1900 and are designed to be four-story with a row of shops and a mansard roof . The corner building number 19 on Krenkelstrasse has a bay window with side gables and a top spire . The corner facade is decorated with a relief of apple-eating boys with an apple tree. House 19 and 19 b show elements of neo-Gothic and Art Nouveau, while house number 21 shows neo-baroque elements, including pilasters and triangular gables as window canopies.
Sacred Heart Church
The Catholic Herz-Jesu-Kirche was built from 1903 to 1905 according to plans by August Menken at Borsbergstraße 15. The municipality had already acquired the property in 1900. A neo-Gothic building was created with a few floral Art Nouveau elements, including in the portal area. There are a total of 149 animal representations on and in the church. The church with the approximately 70 meter high tower offers space for 580 worshipers. When Dresden was bombed, the church served as a refuge for numerous residents of the area. In contrast to the nearby Church of the Redeemer, the Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus was hardly damaged. Only the windows were broken and replaced with glass windows designed by Bruno Seener (1893–1952). Today's bell also contains a bell that was cast in 1986 and was originally intended for the French Cathedral in Berlin .
Borsbergstrasse 16–32 and 23–33
The residential and commercial buildings at Borsbergstrasse 16–32 and 23–33 were built from 1955 to 1958 under the urban planning direction of the architect Herbert Schneider and collective. The architects Wolfgang Hänsch , Gottfried Kintzer and Gerd Dettmar were in charge of the project management. The construction of these buildings also marked the "beginning of the large-block style" in Dresden.
The development consists of long five-story residential buildings with pitched roofs . The facades of the buildings have been provided with colored fine plaster and latex paint, a geometric, color-contrasting pattern and a relief-like panel construction. The colors were yellow and blue, which were intended to give the building complex its “own, cheerful note”. Nevertheless, the coloring of the building and the technology of the construction was criticized. Due to their technical character, the buildings have even been compared to “capitalist architecture”. There are presented shops on the ground floor of the residential buildings.
An eight-story high-rise apartment building with a flat roof and triangular protruding balconies is located at Borsbergstrasse 32 and was built across the five-story residential buildings. It thus forms the optical and spatial conclusion of the Borsbergstrasse residential complex and acts as a structural dominant feature of the street alongside the Sacred Heart Church. The apartment house was reproduced as a "re-use project", for example in the Johannstadt district of Dresden at Striesener Strasse 2 (corner of Hans-Grundig-Strasse).
Both on the eastern, south-western and north-western parts of the Borsbergstrasse residential complex, "the pedestrian zone expands by moving one block back". Quiet zones with benches and green spaces were created on the small squares created in this way. After 2000, a water feature was installed on the extension in the eastern part diagonally across from the Herz-Jesu-Kirche .
The square-like extension in the north-western area of Borsbergstrasse was used, among other things, for seating by Café Borsberg, which opened in 1959 . The café was located in a single-storey part of the building in front of the Borsbergstrasse 29 c to 31 b building. Café Borsberg became a popular café in Striesen, but closed after the fall of the Wall in the 1990s. Today there is a drugstore and an ice cream parlor with the name “Café Borsberg” in its name. In the open space in front of the café there is a sculpture by Magdalene Kreßner showing two ballet dancers , as well as various green areas, such as a wavy lawn.
traffic
Borsbergstrasse was first used by horse-drawn buses from 1873. Around ten years later, the community decided to apply for the extension of the 10th horse-drawn tram line to Borsbergstrasse. It was decided to extend the line that went to Fetscherplatz back then to today's Geisingstraße and the tracks for the railway were laid. In May 1884 the extended 10th line of the horse-drawn railway company was inaugurated. A short time later, on the corner of Borsbergstrasse and Spenerstrasse, a horse train station was built and inaugurated in 1885. It consisted of two halls, outbuildings, stable buildings and a small smithy and offered space for around 100 horses. In the course of electrification and the laying of the underground power supply for trams, the horse station was shut down around 1900 and partially dismantled in the following years. In the 1930s, Leonhard Kreß built a workshop for motorcycles and automobiles on the site of the former Striesen horse station. The buildings burned down during the Second World War.
In 1897 the first electric tram drove on Borsbergstraße, which from 1899 was only used by electric trains. After the establishment of the Dresdner Straßenbahn AG , the individual trams were given numbers; Trams 19 and 23 now ran on Borsbergstrasse, the latter from 1909 onwards, as is still the line 10 today, with a connection to Dresden Central Station .
In 1927 a bus drove for the first time on Borsbergstrasse, but this was initially discontinued in 1930. In the 1940s, three railway lines and one bus line ran through Borsbergstrasse. As a result of the bombing of Dresden in February 1945, rail traffic came to a complete standstill until the end of the war in May 1945. In June 1945 line 19 drove over Borsbergstrasse, which, however, already ended at Fetscherplatz. Lines 10 and 17 followed later. The line reform in 1969 changed the use of Borsbergstrasse. It was now used by lines 2 and 10 and, after a further reform, by lines 4 and 10 until today. Since the 1990s, also drove on the bus line 83 of the Dresden Transport a short section of Borsbergstraße, since 28 November 2009 reversed metro line 74 and on the section between Spenerstraße and Geising street line 63. With the opening of Waldschlößchenbrücke on 26th August 2013, the now Elbe-crossing 60 line 64 received, among other things, this section of the simultaneously shortened line 74.
literature
- Holger Gantz: 100 buildings in Dresden: A guide to buildings of historical and architectural importance . Schnell and Steiner, Regensburg 1997, ISBN 3-7954-1111-4 .
- Volker Helas , Gudrun Peltz: Art Nouveau architecture in Dresden . KNOP Verlag, Dresden 1999, ISBN 3-934363-00-8 .
- Beate Lüsch: Borsbergstrasse residential complex . In: Heidrun Laudel , Ronald Franke (ed.): Building in Dresden in the 19th and 20th centuries . Ronald Franke-Eigenverlag, Dresden 1991, pp. 131-137.
- Gilbert Lupfer, Bernhard Sterra, Martin Wörner (eds.): Architecture guide Dresden . Dietrich Reimer Verlag, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-496-01179-3 , p. 158.
- Walter May , Werner Pampel, Hans Konrad: Architectural Guide GDR, Dresden District . Verlag für Bauwesen, Berlin 1979, p. 62.
- Gerhard Rohn, Fritz Lazarus, Gerhard Börner: Project planning of residential buildings in large blocks. In: German architecture. Issue 3 year 1956, p. 114f.
Web links
- The Borsbergstraße in Dresden Striesen - history of the street on a private website
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Beate Lüsch: Borsbergstrasse residential complex . In: Heidrun Laudel, Ronald Franke (ed.): Building in Dresden in the 19th and 20th centuries . Ronald Franke-Eigenverlag, Dresden 1991, p. 131.
- ^ Project Borsbergstrasse / Schandauer Strasse. DVB , accessed on February 25, 2014 .
- ↑ Gilbert Lupfer, Bernhard Sterra, Martin Woerner (ed.): Architectural Guide Dresden . Dietrich Reimer Verlag, Berlin 1997, p. 158, no.238.
- ^ A b Beate Lüsch: Borsbergstrasse residential complex. In: Heidrun Laudel, Ronald Franke (ed.): Building in Dresden in the 19th and 20th centuries. Ronald Franke-Eigenverlag, Dresden 1991, p. 136.
- ↑ Beate Lüsch: Borsbergstrasse residential complex. In: Heidrun Laudel, Ronald Franke (ed.): Building in Dresden in the 19th and 20th centuries. Ronald Franke-Eigenverlag, Dresden 1991, p. 137.
- ↑ a b c d Volker Helas, Gudrun Peltz: Art Nouveau architecture in Dresden . KNOP Verlag, Dresden 1999, ISBN 3-934363-00-8 , p. 183.
- ↑ See Willy Katz's biography on borsbergstrasse.de
- ↑ Volker Helas, Gudrun Peltz: Art Nouveau architecture in Dresden . KNOP Verlag, Dresden 1999, ISBN 3-934363-00-8 , p. 184.
- ↑ a b Jürgen Helfricht : Dresden and his church . Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2005, p. 43.
- ^ Walter May, Werner Pampel, Hans Konrad: Architectural Guide GDR, Dresden District . Verlag für Bauwesen, Berlin 1979, p. 62, No. 96.
- ↑ Project planning of residential buildings in large block construction . In: German architecture . No. 2, 1956 (and 1958).
- ↑ Holger Gantz: 100 buildings in Dresden: A guide to buildings of historical and architectural importance . Schnell and Steiner, Regensburg 1997, pp. 75f., No. 77.
- ↑ Beate Lüsch: Borsbergstrasse residential complex . In: Heidrun Laudel, Ronald Franke (ed.): Building in Dresden in the 19th and 20th centuries . Ronald Franke-Eigenverlag, Dresden 1991, p. 133.
- ↑ Beate Lüsch: Borsbergstrasse residential complex . In: Heidrun Laudel, Ronald Franke (ed.): Building in Dresden in the 19th and 20th centuries . Ronald Franke-Eigenverlag, Dresden 1991, pp. 133–135.
- ^ The Striesen tram station. Article about the horse station on borsbergstrasse.de
- ↑ Borsbergstrasse in the 30s. On: borsbergstrasse.de
Coordinates: 51 ° 2 ′ 43 ″ N , 13 ° 46 ′ 32 ″ E