Brake stone

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Bremsstein in the Radčice district in Vodňany in Okres Strakonice in the Czech Republic
Cycling shoe column near Friedenfels, Tirschenreuth
Dangerous slope

Brake stones , also known as bike shoe stones , are historical stone traffic signs that show the carters downhill sections of the path where they had to put on so-called bike shoes in order to avoid accidents. Brake stones belong to the small monuments like crossroads or wayside shrines .

description

The brake blocks made the carter aware that the wagon wheel, which was to be locked with a chain, had to be blocked with an iron wheel shoe so that the horses were not run over by the wagon on the sloping path. If a carter ignored the request to put on his cycling shoes, he could expect high fines.

The older brake blocks usually show a stylized cycling shoe. The black or dark painted, stylized cycling shoe symbol stood out clearly from the white or lightly painted brake stone.

Later, an inscription was often carved into the brake blocks instead, as for example on the cycling shoe column near Friedenfels : 

Wer in diesen Bergabhängen ohne Radschuh oder gar nicht einsperrt, zahlt 6 Gulden Strafe

This form of the brake blocks requires at least basic reading skills.

In Central and Eastern Europe, the brake blocks are to the left of the direction of travel because until Napoleon there was left-hand traffic .

history

Although brake stones were set up very frequently, only a relatively small number of copies have survived in Europe. The reason for this could be that the later non-functional brake blocks - possibly after a relocation - were converted into one of the numerous floor crosses or used for other purposes.

Brake stones were also set up for the horse-drawn railway Budweis – Linz – Gmunden in the 19th century.

With the motorization of traffic and the modern expansion of the road network, the braking stones were finally superfluous or replaced by the traffic sign dangerous gradient .

Examples

On the Bohemian side of the old Linzer Steig salt trade path , there were until recently five braking stones within a radius of only 20 kilometers:

  • The braking stone in Rožmberk nad Vltavou warns of the 500 meter long, steep descent into the Vltava valley . A copy of this brake stone is in the postal museum in the neighboring village of Vyšší Brod .
  • The Bremsstein in Kaplice is located at the steep north exit of the city, just before the junction with the federal road No. 3 ( Silnice I / 3 ).
  • The braking stone in Nažidla ( Bujanov municipality ) is located directly on the western edge of the road no.3 .
  • The Bremsstein in Suchdol, on the opposite side of the valley, could no longer be found in 2019 (a memorial between these two locations commemorates the serious bus accident of March 8, 2003, in which 20 people died).
  • Another brake block in Netřebice broke in a collision in 2009 and has been kept in the Kaplice road maintenance department ever since.

The place name Radschuhleiten near Schwarzenbach (Lower Austria) is evidence of what used to be dangerous, sloping roads.

List of publicly accessible brake blocks

The exact locations of the individual brake stones can be found in the "Commons Brake Stone".

country region place comment
Germany Baden-Württemberg Ebersberg Castle , Auenwald community Inscription “Anyone who closes without cycling shoes, drives along the vineyards and side ditches, will be punished by our Lord. Mayor Ebersberg "
Germany Baden-Württemberg Emmendingen on the Wilhelmshöhe
Germany Baden-Württemberg Höllental (Black Forest) at the historic customs house
Germany Baden-Württemberg Sachsenheim on the road to Untermberg, was discovered during road construction work and erected again as a small monument
Germany Bavaria Friedenfels
Germany Hesse Oberzent , Olfen district Against the Affolterbacher Höhe. Inscription: LRBZ Erbach Anyone who drives next to the wall stone and shakes without a Rathschuh costs 1 Gulden 30 K penalty 1831.
Switzerland Canton Bern between Bözingen and Frinvillier Prohibition stone on the old Taubenlochstrasse.
Czech Republic South bohemia Kaplice číslo ÚSKP: 37525 / 3-1315, at the northern end of the village in front of the junction with federal highway 3
Czech Republic South bohemia Nažidla, Bujanov municipality číslo ÚSKP 103084, directly on federal highway 3 (watch out for the traffic - danger to life on this busy road!)
Czech Republic South bohemia Rožmberk nad Vltavou číslo ÚSKP 103881
Czech Republic South bohemia Radčice, Vodňany číslo ÚSKP 36492 / 3-4325
Czech Republic South bohemia Staré Sedlo, Orlík nad Vltavou municipality číslo ÚSKP 25324 / 3-2761
Czech Republic Vysočina Petrovice, Humpolec číslo ÚSKP 47016 / 3-3228

See also

Web links

Commons : Bremsstein  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Felix Manzenreiter: Mühlviertler Lifelines: Controversial Salt Paths to Bohemia. With special consideration of the 400-year-old salt trade conflict between Freistadt and Leonfelden. Bad Leonfelden 2013, pp. 125–127.
  2. ↑ The Salt Trail . In: Online encyclopedia encyklopedie.ckrumlov.cz about Krummau .
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g List of braking stones  in the monument catalog pamatkovykatalog.cz (Czech).
  4. ^ Karl Heidinger: The cycling shoe stone from Sachsenheim. In: The Mörin. 47/48, 2006, pp. 3-5, 22-23.
  5. ↑ denkmalpflege-hessen.de, Object No. 10815
  6. ↑ kantonsmuseum.be/web/de/content/verbotsstein