Bruno of Montluisant
Bruno Freiherr von Montluisant ( May 25, 1815 in Maria Enzersdorf - August 20, 1898 in Graz ) was an Austrian officer, most recently major general ( character ), who in 1866 as a colonel in the third Italian War of Independence in the defense of Tyrol made special contributions to the leadership of the Kaiserjäger acquired.
Life and military career
Montluisant was born in Enzersdorf near Vienna in 1815 as the son of Maria Theresa knight Johann von Montluisant (1768–1816). With the aim of following in his father's footsteps, Bruno soon entered a military training school. He entered the boys' educational institution of Infantry Regiment No. 49 as an ensign , from which he was retired as a cadet on December 16, 1832 , and then he was assigned to Infantry Regiment No. 12 "Prince Liechtenstein". On November 1, 1833 he was transferred to the Tyrolean Kaiserjäger Regiment , with which he completed his further military career: on November 1, 1834 he was promoted to second lieutenant, on September 1, 1845 to lieutenant and on November 1, 1848 to captain- Lieutenant.
Montluisant married Theresia von Rajacovics in February 1861; However, his wife died on January 26th, 1864 from an illness.
On January 1, 1870, on the occasion of his retirement, the officer was given the character of major general ad honorum. He died in Graz in 1898.
In Italy's first two wars of independence
As a soldier in the Kaiserjäger Regiment, Montluisant took part in all three Italian Wars of Independence on the Austrian side.
During the Revolution of 1848 in Italy he fought at Pastrengo (April 28-30), Curtatone (May 29), Vicenza (June 10), Sona (July 23), Sommacampagna and Salionze (24 June) July) and at the Battle of Custozza on July 25th. On August 4th, 1848, he took part in the advance on Milan , and finally his hunters stood before Verceja on October 28th. During the two-week campaign of 1849 he took part in the battle at Vercelli (March 23) and was promoted to captain on April 1 .
In the campaign of 1859, Montluisant was given command of the 6th Battalion of the Kaiserjäger Regiment, with which he took part in the war against France and Piedmont. He fought in succession in the Battle of Magenta (July 4th) and that of Solferino (July 24th). For his behavior during this campaign he was awarded the Order of the Iron Crown, 3rd class . On March 28, 1855 he was promoted to major and on February 7, 1860 to lieutenant colonel in the Kaiserjäger Regiment, whose commander with the rank of colonel he became on December 27, 1864.
In the war of 1866
In June 1866, Montluisant was given command of half a brigade of the Kaiserjäger and, under the command of Major General Kuhn von Kuhnenfeld, proved himself in the defense of southern Tyrol against the attacking Italian troops under Giuseppe Garibaldi .
After several weeks of fighting around Monte Suello and in Condino, Garibaldi's volunteers had conquered the Forte d'Ampola. This allowed Garibaldi to penetrate into the Valle di Ledro , where he, however, encountered bitter resistance from the Austrian troops. On July 19, 1866, Montluisant received the order from the troop command for Tyrol and Vorarlberg to advance with his brigade via Pranzo and Campo. Despite being numerically inferior, Montluisant's brigade counterattacked Forte d'Ampola. Although this episode of the war, called the Battle of Bezzecca , was finally lost for the Austrians after Garibaldi's troops had managed to conquer the town of Bezzecca on July 21, the Italian troops suffered heavy losses. The tactically successful deployment of Montluisant's brigade also gave General Kuhn von Kuhnenfeld the necessary time to advance to Trento on the night of July 23rd to 24th without Garibaldi's resistance and to protect the city from his access.
On August 29, 1866, Montluisant was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Maria Theresa Order for its military successes .
literature
- Peter Broucek : Montluisant, Bruno Frh. Von. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 6, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1975, ISBN 3-7001-0128-7 , p. 363.
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Montluisant, Bruno Freiherr von . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 19th part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1868, pp. 63–65 ( digitized version ).
Remarks
- ↑ Biographical dates and award of the honorary major general title after Antonio Schmidt-Brentano: Die kk or kuk Generalität 1816-1918 , Austrian State Archives 2007, p. 121 ( online (PDF) ; accessed July 1, 2020).
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Montluisant, Bruno von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Montluisant, Bruno Freiherr von |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian major general |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 25, 1815 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Maria Enzersdorf |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 20, 1898 |
| Place of death | Graz |