Castle (Spreetal)
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Bórk Castle
community Spreetal
Coordinates: 51 ° 27 ′ 40 ″ N , 14 ° 20 ′ 35 ″ E
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| Height : | 114 m above sea level NN | |
| Area : | 17.7 km² | |
| Residents : | 391 (December 31, 2008) | |
| Population density : | 22 inhabitants / km² | |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 1991 | |
| Incorporated into: | Burghammer | |
| Postal code : | 02979 | |
| Area code : | 035727 | |
Location of Burg in Saxony |
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Burg , in Upper Sorbian Bórk , is the southernmost district of the Saxon community Spreetal in the Bautzen district in Saxony . It is part of the official Sorbian settlement area in Upper Lusatia .
geography
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Burg is located northeast of Hoyerswerda , around 10 kilometers from the city center. The county road 9218 (K9218) (old road from Spremberg to Hoyerswerda) leads through the street village ; the federal highway 97 (B 97), which also runs between these two cities, passes one kilometer west of the town. Coming from the southeast, the Kleine Spree touches the village in the northeast.
The immediate vicinity of Burg is defined by a post-mining landscape. The Bernsteinsee in the northeast and the Scheibe Lake in the south border the town, and the Spreetaler See lies about four kilometers to the northwest . South of the Spreetaler See there is a wind farm on the B 97 between the Burgneudorf junction and the Burg junction.
Neighboring places are Burgneudorf in the north, Burghammer in the northeast, Tiegling and Riegel in the southeast and Hoyerswerda with the districts Kühnicht and Zeißig in the southeast. Seidewinkel is about eight kilometers west of Burg . The town of Scheibe, devastated in 1986/1987, was located between Riegel and Burg .
history
Due to the proximity to the Kleine Spree, it can be assumed that the Burg area was settled in prehistoric times. The resettlement after the migration is likely to have taken place in the 12th century by Sorbian settlers.
Burckau was mentioned in a document in 1381 in relation to Hoierswerde , but this name does not correspond to the following place names . However, it is certain that it was named in a document dated March 28, 1401 as Borg , especially since Burgneudorf is mentioned in the same document.
Since the Reformation at the latest, the castle has been part of the parish of Hoyerswerda. The Thirty Years War (1618-1648) brought devastation and plague to the village.
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The Kingdom of Saxony had to cede a large part of its land area to Prussia in 1815, including the north-eastern part of Upper Lusatia, in which Burg is located. In 1825 the rural community was assigned to the district of Hoyerswerda ( Province of Silesia ).
In 1874 the district of Burghammer was founded, in which the rural communities of Burg , Burghammer , Königlich Neudorf , Neustadt , Riegel , Scheibe , Spreewitz and Zerre are administered.
Burg received electricity only in 1922/1923. Also in the twenties a gymnastics club and the volunteer fire brigade are founded.
The project planning of the Burghammer opencast mine began in 1955, four years later the excavation began and from 1963 to 1973 brown coal was mined. A decade later, the Scheibe opencast mine was opened up, to which the extensions to the castle had to give way.
On January 1, 1994, Burg was incorporated into Burghammer. Exactly two years later the municipalities of Burghammer, Neustadt and Spreewitz merge to form the municipality of Spreetal .
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1825 | 187 |
| 1871 | 269 |
| 1885 | 274 |
| 1905 | 275 |
| 1925 | 299 |
| 1939 | 321 |
| 1946 | 329 |
| 1950 | 322 |
| 1964 | 342 |
| 1990 | 215 |
| 1993 | 241 |
| 2008 | 391 |
| 2018 | 336 |
In a land register of the Hoyerswerda lordship from 1568, 30 possessed men and 8 gardeners and cottagers are listed for the castle . During the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648), Burg lost almost its entire population to the plague in 1631. The war damage and the famine years 1770–1772 let the population grow only slowly. In 1777 Burg had only 22 possessed men, 3 gardeners and 2 cottagers.
Between 1825 and 1871 the population rose from 187 to 269 and then stagnated until the beginning of the 20th century. From Mukas statistics of the Sorbs in Upper Lusatia shows that castle still early 1880s an entirely Sorbian population has.
With the opening of the first coal mines in the vicinity, the population grew again in the first quarter of the 20th century and exceeded the mark of 300 inhabitants in the interwar period. After the end of the Second World War, the population was at the pre-war level and only rose slightly after a few years' delay. According to Ernst Tschernik, the Sorbian population fell to 57.2% by 1956 and has continued to decline sharply since then.
After a sharp decline in population, which is due not least to suburbs relocating due to open-cast mining, the community only had 215 inhabitants at the time of the fall of the Wall. By the time it was incorporated into Burghammer, the number rose to 241 within three years.
Place name
The obvious assumption that the place name is derived from a castle is wrong. Rather, the German name is a Germanized borrowing of the Sorbian name Bórk , comparable to Burk near Bautzen. Earlier German forms of the name include Borg (1401), Burgk (1568) and Wendisch Burg (1759).
The Sorbian name is derived from the Slavic word bor for 'coniferous forest'. With the Sorbian suffix -k, Bórk means 'small coniferous forest, small pine forest'.
Footnotes
- ^ Paul Kühnel: The Slavic place and field names of Upper Lusatia . Central antiquariat of the German Democratic Republic, Leipzig 1982, p. 143 (photomechanical reprint of the original edition 1891–1899).
- ^ Burg (Spreetal) in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ↑ Saxony regional register. Retrieved July 1, 2008 .
- ↑ Residents' registration office Spreetal: Statistical - Burg. Retrieved May 22, 2013 .
- ↑ Ernst Tschernik: The development of the Sorbian rural population . In: German Academy of Sciences in Berlin - Publications of the Institute for Slavic Studies . tape 4 . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1954, p. 89 .
- ^ Ludwig Elle: Language policy in the Lausitz . Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1995, p. 249 .
Web links
Castle (Bórk) | Castle Hammer (Bórkhamor) | Burgneudorf (Nowa Wjes) | Neustadt / Spree (Nowe Město / Sprjewja) | Spreetal (Sprjewiny Doł) | Spreewitz (Šprjejcy) | Zerre (Drětwja)