Spreewitz
|
Spreewitz
Šprjejcy community Spreetal
Coordinates: 51 ° 30 ′ 30 ″ N , 14 ° 24 ′ 0 ″ E
|
|
|---|---|
| Height : | 107 m above sea level NN |
| Area : | 27.44 km² |
| Residents : | 318 (Dec. 31, 2008) |
| Population density : | 12 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 1996 |
| Postal code : | 02979 |
| Primaries : | 035727, 03563, 03564 |
Spreewitz , in Upper Sorbian Šprjejcy , has been part of the Spreetal municipality in the Bautzen district in Saxony since 1996 . It is part of the official Sorbian settlement area in Upper Lusatia. In the originally Sorbian-speaking Spreewitz parish , a Sorbian border dialect had developed with the Spreewitz dialect .
geography
Spreewitz lies in the center of an imaginary triangle Hoyerswerda - Spremberg - Weißwasser on the old road between Spremberg and Hoyerswerda in a densely wooded landscape. Adjacent villages are Zerre in the north, Neustadt in the southeast, Burgneudorf in the south, the Spreetal settlement in the west and Schwarze Pumpe in the northwest. Part of the Schwarze Pump industrial park is located on the Spreewitz corridor.
In the village, the two arms of the Spree, the Little and the Great Spree, reunite to form a river.
history
The first known documentary mention of Spreewitz was made in 1568 in a land register belonging to the Hoyerswerda family . The place name is derived in German as in Sorbian from the location on the Spree. Spreewitz is a street green village with a block and striped corridor. The corridor is medium in size with 1520 hectares (1895).
In the Frentzel Chronicle of the town and rule of Hoyerswerda from 1744 it is mentioned that a church book was started in 1681 and the church was rebuilt in 1688.
After Saxony fought on the side of France in the Napoleonic Wars, a large part of the country's area had to be ceded to Prussia after the Congress of Vienna in 1815, including Lower Lusatia and the greater part of Upper Lusatia . As a result, Spreewitz is incorporated into the Prussian-Brandenburg district of Spremberg (Lausitz) . By forming the district of Hoyerswerda from its southern part, Spreewitz is administered in the Prussian province of Silesia in 1825 for the next 120 years .
At the beginning of the 20th century, coal was found near the village. As early as 1908, the first coal was mined in the open-cast mine to the southwest.
In the First World War , the parish had 59 fallen dead. In the interwar period, the town grew and the northern municipality of Zerre , renamed Spreetal from 1936 to 1947 as a result of a National Socialist Germanization policy , was incorporated into the municipality in 1938.
The victims of the Second World War are not the only ones to mourn. After the last battle began in Lusatia on April 16, 1945 with the storming of Berlin and the crossing of the Lusatian Neisse , the front was already on the Spree two days later. Troops are approaching from the southeastern Neustadt and in the night of April 19th the residents leave the village. When they come back eight days later, they find a looted village, the church of which is badly damaged and the pastor is dead.
The new pastor from Friedersdorf bei Lohsa is trying to rebuild the half-timbered church from 1688. The bell that was forcibly given up during the war can be retrieved from Hamburg.
In the time of the GDR , the surrounding opencast mines as well as the nearby Schwarze Pumpe gas combine and the Trattendorf power station had an impact on the further development of the area. While up to 80% of the population work in the energy sector, there is also increased environmental pollution.
As in the turnaround time , the question of country affiliation of the circle Hoyerswerda to be clarified in a citizen survey, the majority chooses Saxony. In Spreewitz, the voting share for Brandenburg is the highest in the district with 33.3%.
The municipalities of the administrative association Burgneudorf (Burghammer, Neustadt and Spreewitz) merged on January 1, 1996 to form the municipality of Spreetal .
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1825 | 201 |
| 1871 | 303 |
| 1905 | 307 |
| 1925 | 352 |
| 1939 | 1003 |
| 1946 | 951 |
| 1950 | 934 |
| 1964 | 1029 |
| 1990 | 654 |
| 1995 | 610 |
| 2008 | 318 |
| italics: Spreewitz with Zerre | |
The land registry of the class rule Hoyerswerda lists 18 possessed men and two house owners in Spreewitz for the year 1568 . Two centuries later, 24 possessed men and six cottagers are named. What is remarkable about this information from 1777 is that although both numbers have increased, there are no small farmers ( gardeners ).
In the 19th century the population rose sharply from around 200 at the beginning of the century to over 300. Nevertheless, Muka finds an almost entirely Sorbian population for his statistics on the Sorbs in the first half of the 1880s - only four of the 329 inhabitants are Germans.
In the period between the two world wars, the population grew to 352 in 1925. Zerre had 333 inhabitants at that time. Due to increasing industrialization and lignite mining, the number continues to grow and in 1939 - after the incorporation of Zerre and before the outbreak of World War II - exceeded the mark of 1,000 inhabitants. This mark fell again during the war, but was reached again two decades later. Due to the structural change, the Sorbian-speaking proportion of the population fell to only 38.8% by 1956.
In the 1990s the population fell due to the emigration of jobseekers. This loss is partially offset by new homeowners coming from rented apartments in nearby cities.
traffic
Spreewitz station is on the Knappenrode – Sornoer Buden railway line , which is used exclusively for freight traffic. Until 1995 there was also a direct connection between the Spreewitz train station and the Spreewitz Nord junction on the Spreewitz – Graustein railway line .
Buildings
At 51 ° 30'31 "N 14 ° 23'25" E there is a radio tower designed as a free-standing steel framework construction, which originally served as a floodlight tower to illuminate the station area, under whose legs the tracks of the electrically operated factory railway run.
Footnotes
- ^ Spreewitz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ↑ Saxony regional register. Retrieved April 17, 2008 .
- ↑ Spreetal residents' registration office
- ^ Ludwig Elle: Language policy in the Lausitz . Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1995, p. 250 .
Web links
- Spreewitz on the website of the municipality of Spreetal
Castle (Bórk) | Castle Hammer (Bórkhamor) | Burgneudorf (Nowa Wjes) | Neustadt / Spree (Nowe Město / Sprjewja) | Spreetal (Sprjewiny Doł) | Spreewitz (Šprjejcy) | Zerre (Drětwja)