Black pump

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City of Spremberg
Coordinates: 51 ° 31 ′ 16 ″  N , 14 ° 19 ′ 58 ″  E
Height : 118 m above sea level NHN
Area : 13.75 km²
Residents : 1886  (Jan. 1, 2018)
Population density : 137 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : September 27, 1998
Postal code : 03130
Area code : 03564
Historic house in Schwarze Pump
Historic house in Schwarze Pump

Black Pump , Carna Plumpa in Lower Sorbian , is a district of the Brandenburg town of Spremberg in the Spree-Neisse district . Until September 27, 1998 the place was an independent municipality.

history

Memorial stone of the inn "To the black pump"

The first references to the place Schwarze Pump can be found in the topographical-statistical overview of the administrative district of Frankfurth ad O , published in 1820. There a jug with this name is mentioned, which at that time belonged to the municipality of Terpe . In the Urmes table sheet 4452 Spremberg published in 1846 and in the 5th volume of the Topographical-Statistical-Historical Lexicon of Germany published in 1847 . A brick factory and restaurant "Zur Schwarzen Pump" is mentioned a quarter of an hour away from the village of Terpe . In a map of the Spremberg district , which appeared in 1880, no other buildings can be seen for today's location Schwarze Pump, apart from the aforementioned restaurant, a road house and two brickworks.

There are various traditions and legends about the origins of the name of the restaurant “Zur schwarzen Pump”, also the namesake of the current part of the village, which go back to the time of the Thirty Years' War . Legend has it that Friedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg (the Great Elector) had a horse trough built at the inn. To protect against enemy mercenaries, the inn's pump was painted black, the symbol of the plague at the time . With this ruse one hoped to be able to keep the enemy troops at a distance.

Another legend says that the imperial general Wallenstein passed here in 1626, when the plague actually raged in nearby Spremberg and the pump in the inn was therefore painted black. Since the road from Spremberg in the direction of Hoyerswerda ran directly through the inn's homestead, it was a central starting point and rest stop. Even Augustus II. Of Poland (August the Strong) should be gone to be his trips between his residences in Saxony and Poland several times here. In 1867 Black Pump had 107 inhabitants.

Black pump inn 1957

Due to the increasing industrialization and emerging mining activity in the region - starting from the inn - gradually further residential buildings were built on the right and left of the Chaussee. So a new settlement was created in the former municipality of Terpe, which was called "Colony Pump". In the address book of the city of Spremberg, published in 1878, this settlement is not yet listed separately, but can only be found under "Terpe with the black pump". According to this directory, 113 of the 598 inhabitants of the municipality of Terpe lived in the pump colony. From 1908 onwards, children from the colony, who had been enrolled in the Terpe community until then, were able to attend a school in their own settlement. In 1918 the first telephone connections were made. In 1916 (according to other sources 1920/22) the inn that gave it its name burned down and was later rebuilt not far from this location. In the period that followed, further residential and commercial buildings were built, and the colony expanded considerably along the Spremberg – Hoyerswerda road. The main employer at that time was the “Brigitta” lignite mine in Spreetal, not far from the Schwarze Pump colony. By the mid-thirties there were already 111 houses. Due to the increasing volume of traffic, the Chaussee was upgraded to Reichsstraße . By order of the regional president in Frankfurt / Oder, the road construction had to be stopped. Further development then took place on the area west of Reichsstrasse, today's Ringstrasse. During the time of National Socialism there was resistance to the regime. Three residents of the Brigittenhof district had distributed leaflets, but were discovered and sentenced to long prison terms in 1935. One of them, Fritz Schulz, was murdered in 1945 in the Brandenburg-Görden prison . A street is named after him.

Second World War

With the beginning of the Second World War , as in almost all of the empire, the colony's development and construction was interrupted. On April 20, 1945, advancing Soviet and Polish troops and tenaciously defending German units fought heavily in the Black Pump colony. As a result, there was not only considerable damage to housing developments, craft businesses and stables, but also losses on both sides.

After 1946

On April 30, 1959, the workers met before the start of the trial run of the gas combine

1949 was a Soviet war memorial for the 108 Soviet soldiers erected, during the battle of Schwarze Pumpe fallen were. This memorial was erected on the exact spot where the original “Black Pump” inn was until 1916.

On the basis of a Council of Ministers resolution of June 23, 1955, the first measures to build up the coal refining plant, later known as the Schwarze Pumpe gas combine , began in the same year . The then Minister for Heavy Industry, Fritz Selbmann, broke ground . The economic functionary and later writer Hasso Grabner , who had sat with Selbmann from 1935 to 1938 in the Waldheim prison , became the construction manager. Grabner was released in April 1956 because, in the opinion of the SED, he “did not guarantee the success of the establishment of the combine”.

On August 5, 1959, by resolution of the Spremberg District Council, the municipality of Terpe was renamed the municipality of Schwarze Pump. Due to the ever increasing demand in the GDR, the Schwarze Pump gas combine developed into the largest lignite refining company in the world at the time.

After German reunification , the obsolete facilities of the Schwarze Pump gas combine were gradually shut down and the site was converted into the Schwarze Pump industrial park. In the northern part of the site, just a few hundred meters east of the village, the new Schwarze Pump power plant was built between 1993 and 1998 . On September 27, 1998, the previously independent community of Schwarze Pump was incorporated into the town of Spremberg together with Sellessen. In 2001 the teaching of the Erwin-Strittmatter-Gymnasium was moved here for a full year.

Population development

Population development of Schwarze Pump from 1875 to January 2018
Population development in Schwarze Pump from 1875 to 1997
year Residents year Residents year Residents
1875 472 1890 549 1910 737
1925 1634 1933 1824 1939 2166
1946 1922 1950 2024 1964 7069
1971 3560 1981 2935 1985 2899
1989 2832 1995 2909 1997 2759
2009 1902 2012 1900 2017 1896
2018¹ 1886

¹ January 1, 2018

religion

Evangelical parish hall

The Protestant parish hall was built from 1963 to 1966 and in 1995 a free-standing bell tower was added. Since 2002 the parish hall has belonged to the Spremberg parish of the Evangelical Church Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Upper Lusatia .

The Catholic St. Michael Church is named after the Archangel Michael , it was built from 1951 to 1953 and has been a branch church of the parish of St. Benno with its seat in Spremberg in the diocese of Görlitz since 2004 .

Culture and sights

  • Memorial complex with memorial stone for the victims of fascism and for the communist Ernst Thälmann on Fritz-Schulz-Strasse in the Brigittenhof district
  • The East German singer and pop poet Gerhard Gundermann paid tribute to the Black Pump with a song called Es ist Sonntag in Black Pump , which appeared on the album Breakfast Forever .

Transport links

Road connection

The federal highway 97 ( Guben - Dresden ) and the federal highway 156 ( Großräschen - Bautzen ) run from north to south through Schwarze Pump . From the central crossing point “Berliner Kreuzung” in Spremberg to about the middle of the village of Schwarze Pump, both federal highways are combined into a common road over a length of approx. 6 km .

To relieve the inner-city traffic volume, a 12.5 km long bypass road was built from the federal highway 97 coming from Cottbus , starting shortly before the entrance to Spremberg, with a western bypass of the city area. Behind the location of Schwarze Pump, the bypass then meets the federal highway 97 again. The commissioning took place on September 16, 2011.

The closest motorway connection is the Cottbus-Süd junction of the A 15, 17 km to the north (border crossing Bademeusel - Spreewald triangle ). As an alternative connection, the Großräschen junction of the A 13 ( Kreuz Schönefeld - Dreieck Dresden -Nord) west of Spremberg can be seen approx. 38 km away.

Rail connection

Black pump no longer has an active rail link. The railway line Knappenrode – Sornoer Buden Senftenberg –Schwarze Pump– Hoyerswerda and Black Pump– Spreewitz , which was extensively refurbished and electrified in the mid-1980s , is largely double-tracked, but traffic came back up again in the early 1990s as a result of structural change and new open-pit mine developments Succumb. The Schwarze Pump station was generously laid out with two roofed central platforms. The station building was similar to that of Potsdam Pirschheide .

To go biking

Spremberg and the surrounding area has an excellent, well-developed and signposted network of cycle routes. Both supraregional cycle paths such as the “ Spreeradweg ” or the “ Niederlausitzer Bergbautour ” and regional tours such as the “ Strittmattertour ” lead through Spremberg itself .

Sports

Black Pump gained fame through the former company soccer team BSG activist Black Pump .

literature

  • Home calendar of the city of Spremberg and the surrounding area

Web links

Commons : Black Pump  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

swell

  1. ^ Districts of the city of Spremberg. In: stadt-spremberg.de. Retrieved February 7, 2018 .
  2. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurth ad O. 388 S., Berlin, G. Hayn 1820, p. 308.
  3. ^ Eugen Kuhn: Topographical-statistical-historical lexicon of Germany. Volume 5, Bibliographisches Institut, 1847 online at Google Books (p. 987)
  4. ↑ Topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. Verlag von Gustav Harnecker u. Co., 1867 Online at Google Books , p. 251.
  5. ^ Francis Nenik: Journey through a tragicomic century. Hasso Grabner's crazy life. Voland & Quist, Dresden 2018, ISBN 978-3-86391-198-0 , pp. 27, 117-125 .
  6. ^ Nenik: Journey through a tragicomic century, p. 125.
  7. ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1998
  8. ↑ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. (PDF; 331 KB) District Spree-Neisse. State Office for Data Processing and Statistics State of Brandenburg, December 2006, accessed on March 24, 2017 .
  9. ↑ http://www.spremberg-evangelisch.de/auferstehung/gebaeude-historie/schwarze-pumpe-terpe
  10. ↑ https://www.kath-spremberg.de/schwarze-pumpe.html
  11. ↑ https://www.tdh-online.de/archiv_1996_bis_2007/artikel/1514.php