Schönheide (Spremberg)

Schönheide Prašyjca City of Spremberg Coordinates: 51 ° 34 ′ 14 ″  N , 14 ° 30 ′ 11 ″  E
Height :	151 m above sea level NN
Residents :	96  (Jan. 1, 2018)
Incorporation :	1st January 1974
Incorporated into:	Gray stone
Postal code :	03130
Area code :	03563

Schönheide , Prašyjca in Lower Sorbian , is a district east of the city of Spremberg in the Brandenburg district of Spree-Neisse .

geography

Schönheide is located 9 km east of the town of Spremberg on the Bundesstrasse 156 and about 16 km north of Weißwasser. About 15 kilometers to the north runs the Autobahn 15, which can be reached from Schönheide via the federal roads B156 and B115 .

Surrounding villages are Graustein in the west, Türkendorf and Bloischdorf in the north, Lieskau in the southeast. The next place on the other side of the state border to the sanctuary of Saxony is Runde .

Name interpretation

Due to its location in the Sorbian settlement area, the name Schönheide has been and continues to be used in a wide variety of ways. According to Walter Wenzel, who researched the meaning and origin of Sorbian place names in Lower Lusatia, Prašyjca (Wendish) means the following:

• German: Settlement in the beautiful heather
• Middle High German: Heide - flat, undeveloped, wild-growing land, including woodland
• East Central German: larger forest area

Prašywica, on the other hand, has the following meaning:

• (probably) settlement on barren ground or settlement of poor people

The Sorbian writer and folklorist Arnošt Muka , on the other hand, considers the following meaning to be likely:

• Village of the mangy, derived from the Lower Sorbian prašywy for mangy, itchy, gritty, shabby, leper or brittle.

history

Schönheide, actually just a Vorwerk of the Bloischdorf estate, was originally referred to as "the beautiful Haide". The first documentary mention of Schönheide is on November 9th 1527 as "the beautiful haide". On August 18, 1576, a Vorwerk "Schöne Heide" is mentioned. In 1697 the Vorwerk is mentioned under the Sorbian name Prasywicia (Praschwitz). In the following years there were repeated names on various documents, for example von der Praschwitze 1685, Praschwitz 1697, 1753 Schöne Heyde, 1761 Schönheyde, 1843 Prašywica / Prašyjca, 1860 Praschwitz or Schönheyde. In 1835, all the lands that belonged to the Schönheide Vorwerk were parceled out and divided up by 11 farmers . 1929 Foundation of the Schönheide volunteer fire brigade. 1939 census , Schönheide has 152 inhabitants.

On April 16, 1945 Schönheide was captured and looted by Soviet troops. Due to German Waffen-SS troops remaining in the village , heavy fighting broke out around the relatively small Schönheide. The graves of 70 German soldiers in the Schönheide cemetery testify to the senseless defense by these associations. After the end of the war, Schönheide was one of the places in the area that was particularly affected by the effects of the war. Of 118 buildings in the village, 8 houses, 8 stables and 4 barns were completely destroyed, 4 houses, 4 stables and 2 barns were badly damaged and 22 houses, 22 stables and 19 barns were slightly damaged. Twenty-one local men called up for military service did not return home after the end of World War II.

October 30, 1959 Foundation of a type I LPG . January 1, 1962 Opening of a kindergarten in a residential building built after the end of the war in the Gutspark. January 1, 1974 incorporated into Graustein. and thus district of Graustein. Due to the establishment of further kindergartens in the area, the kindergarten closes again in February 1974. February 18, 2002 Signing of the contract to integrate Schönheide into the city of Spremberg. On January 1, 2003, incorporation of Graustein into Spremberg, Graustein and Schönheide have since become two independent districts of the city of Spremberg.

owner

Gut Schönheide has often changed hands in the course of its history, so that today it is difficult to record this precisely and chronologically. It is known from testimonies that Hans von Kittlitz was the first owner in 1527. His son Jacob followed him. As early as 1530, Hans von Köckritz was recorded as the new owner. After that, Gut Schönheide kept changing hands, sometimes at relatively short intervals. The following other owners are known:

year	owner
1539	Georg von der Schulenburg
1550	Ludwig von Klitzing
	Jobst Brand from Lindau
	Andreas von Lindholz
	Thomas Gode (and brothers)
	Mark Antony of Carchesia
1594/1595	Harbort of Mandelsloh
1663-1671	Hans Friedrich (Sen.)
1672	Hans Friedrich (Jun.) And Christian Friedrich
1684-1692	from Schütz
1693-1697	Dranitz
1698	from Normann
1714-1717	from Stutterheim
1718	Bogrell
1725	Curciger
1728-1745	from Normann
1746	Bolberitz
	Clauder
1752	Vine
1774	Johann Christoph Weinstock
1798	Christian Gottlieb Weinstock
1818-1835	Eduard Weinstock
	Friedrich von der Hagen
	EC Heinrich von Koepstein
1887	Ernst Heinrich von Hagen
1905	Heinrich von Hagen (Jun.)

The von Hagen family were the last owners of Gut Schönheide. After the death of Lieutenant General Heinrich von Hagen , the estate passed to his son Heinrich von Hagen and his wife Maud. Heinrich von Hagen fell in Galicia in 1917 . His brother Curt von Hagen , who was governor of German New Guinea, was murdered there in 1897.

Heinrich and Maud von Hagen had three children together, Heinz, Margret and Curt. Heinz and Margret (Schnering) left Gut Schönheide in 1935. Heinz moves to Berlin and Marget to Cottbus . Maud von Hagen died in February 1940, leaving only Curt von Hagen in Schönheide, who was missing on the Eastern Front in 1945 and was finally declared dead. In the years 1944/1945, due to the uncertain conditions in the Reich capital , Heinz von Hagen and his family returned to Schönheide. On April 16, 1945, the eastern front also reached Schönheide. Heinz von Hagen and his family had recently left Gut Schönheide for the west. On June 2, 1949, the von Hagen family were expropriated . In 1946, in the course of the land reform , all land ownership was divided among new settlers. 9.5 hectares of land in the old manor park, which Maud von Hagen had previously cultivated, was, for example, transferred to a large family who had fled East Prussia .

manor

Location of the former manor house

The Schönheide manor house was an inseparable part of the Schönheide manor for decades and was inhabited by them from time to time, expanded or converted. In 1945 there was a main building and a side building. However, there were also temporary uses that do not really fit into a manor house, in this case the main house. From 1935 onwards, a labor camp for around 50-60 young women had been set up in the main house of the estate, whose job it was to help the local farmers with the field work and in the stables. In the course of the war this facility was closed again.

After the end of the war in April 1945, Mayor Heinrich Schenker ordered that the manor house should be used to distribute food there. This later became the first sales facility in the town. In addition, the hall of the house was used to hold film screenings there once a week. In 1951, the conversion of the manor house, which no longer fitted in with the time, began to become a cultural and community center. A pioneer room , a playroom , a reading room and rooms for the community council were created. In addition, two residential units were accommodated in the attic. In 1960 the reading room became a classroom and Schönheide became a school location for the first time. One of the first young teachers here was Egon Wochatz, who years later became mayor of Spremberg. With the political turnaround in the GDR , the old mansion was rebuilt between 1998 and 1999. This now houses the Schönheide volunteer fire brigade and a meeting room for the community.

Mayor after 1945

Term of office	mayor	comment
July 20, 1945	Heinrich Schenker	left office after an accident
	Wilhelm Kucher	Was mayor of Schönheide during the Second World War
1950	Franz Marusch
1961	Bernhard Platzk	temporarily deployed
1962-1965	Hermann Lehmann
1966-1973	Kurt Schulz
1974-1990	Roland Scheller
June 1990	Alfred Bulke
	Hans Jürgen Schubert
2003	Wilfried Noack

Attractions

• Old village smithy, built in 1827
• Prinzenretter memorial stone in front of the former manor house
• Family grave of the von Hagen family

regional customs

• Zampern
• Painting of oste eggs using scratch, etch and wax techniques.
• Easter egg wall
• Easter fire
• Walpurgis Night
• maypole
• Fair

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

• Friedjof Gensel (born July 15, 1960, ballet dancer ), trained at the Palluca University of Dance in Dresden .

Individual evidence

1. ^ Districts of the city of Spremberg. In: stadt-spremberg.de. Retrieved February 7, 2018 . 
2. ↑ Walter Wenzel: Niederlausitzer toponym, with an excursus on the history of the settlement and 8 multi-colored maps Domowina-Verlag GmbH Bautzen 2006, ISBN 978-3-7420-1996-7 .
3. ↑ Sorbian Cultural Information Lodka, Foundation for the Sorbian People
4. ↑ Homagband I, sheet 43b
5. ↑ Lehnbuch III Bl.105b

literature

• Ortschronik Schönheide "Schönheider History and Stories", Association of Heimatfreunde Graustein / Schönheide eV

Web links

Commons : Schönheide / Prašyjca  - collection of images, videos and audio files