Satzvey Castle
| Satzvey Castle | ||
|---|---|---|
 Main house of the castle |
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| Creation time : | 12th Century | |
| Castle type : | Moated castle | |
| Conservation status: | Receive | |
| Standing position : | Ministerial nobility | |
| Construction: | Quarry stone | |
| Place: | Satzvey | |
| Geographical location | 50 ° 37 '11.5 " N , 6 ° 42' 23.4" E | |
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The Satzvey Castle is a medieval moated castle , originally built in the 12th century, located on the northeastern edge of the Eifel in Mechernich (district Satzvey ) in Euskirchen , North Rhine-Westphalia ( Germany ).
Experts consider it to be the best preserved moated castle in the Rhineland in terms of its original structure , a gem of Rhenish castle construction and a monument to noble culture and way of life.
Castle type
Satzvey Castle is a typical moated castle, as it was built by the ministerial nobility of the 14th and 15th centuries in the lowlands, while the high nobility built hilltop castles that were difficult to conquer . The missing mountain as a natural obstacle for attackers had to replace water ditches that were difficult to overcome . For this reason, moated castles were usually built on two islands and were almost always near a stream that supplied the trenches with water. The more strongly fortified main castle was thereby additionally protected by the outer castle on the second island.
history
The Satzveyer plant was also originally located on two islands. This easily mounted and surrounded by moats Hofanlage ( Fronhof ) of the 12th century was the seat of one sex of Vey that there extensive Church goods of the same district (named after the current flowing through the field Veybach) for the Benediktinerinnen pin Dietkirchen (former convent in the area of Bonn's Nordstadt ) as bailiffs . The Archbishop of Cologne Engelbert III. von der Mark gave Satzvey as a fief to Otto von Vey , who was mentioned in a document in 1368 as the first Vogt of this name. After the line in the male line of the bailiwick and castle was extinguished, his granddaughter brought her husband Heinrich von Krauthausen in 1391 , who in 1396 built the first, originally free-standing, two-story castle house, which can be assigned to the Gothic architectural style, as the new administrative seat.
In the 15th century, the fortification of the facility was increased. The gatehouse with the twin towers was built, a kennel was built and the outer bailey was reinforced. In the second half of the 15th century the castle belonged to a von Meller family , after 1512 it was owned by various noble families until it was usurped to Wilhelm Spies von Büllesheim in 1561 . The Archbishop of Cologne supported the appropriation to maintain peace in the country. In 1578 the Duke of Jülich Wilhelm V the Rich occupied the castle. As a result, after three years, the lord of the castle Spies von Büllesheim had to take the oath of allegiance to both the sovereign of Jülich and the sovereign of Cologne, Archbishop Gebhard I. von Waldburg .
At the end of the 16th century the bailiwick became the imperial seat of power. In 1747, when Johann Spies von Büllesheim sold it to Karl Otto von Gymnich , the castle came into the possession of the Rhenish noble family von und zu Gymnich . In 1794, the subordinate rule of Satzvey was lost and from then on only had the status of a manor suitable for the state assembly . In 1882 the moated castle came to the canal to the imperial count Dietrich Wolff-Metternich when the Gymnich main line was extinguished .
Up until then, there had been no major structural changes at Satzvey Castle since the 16th century. It was only Dietrich Wolff Metternich zur Gracht at the end of the 19th century that extensive renovations and extensions made the castle, which had been largely medieval and heavily dilapidated, a representative mansion. Moats were drained, the castle house was expanded with porches and extensions and new towers were built. Buildings in the style of English stables were built on the former outer bailey , and an estate with farm buildings was built. The core and model of these building measures was the existing original structure from the early 15th century.
For centuries, the castle was largely spared from military destruction. However , it was badly damaged in World War II . In 1942, Countess Adeline Wolff Metternich zur Gracht (1919-2010) took over the inheritance in place of her brother Dietrich, who had died in the war. In 1944 she married Franz Josef Count Beissel von Gymnich zu Frens (1916–2008), a younger branch of those von and zu Gymnich, with which Satzvey Castle fell to the Count Beissel von Gymnich. The young couple moved into the castle and repaired the most important components in the following years. Their four sons were born here. The couple now live in Bad Münstereifel .
The castle today
In 1977 the parents transferred the property to their eldest son, Count Franz Josef Beissel von Gymnich . In order to be able to preserve the castle and to preserve the history and traditions of bygone eras, he decided to make the complex accessible to the public and organized the historical knight festival there together with his wife Jeannette and his daughter.
Today Satzvey Castle is considered to be the best preserved moated castle in the Rhineland in terms of its original structure. The original castle house, the twin-towered gatehouse, the north wall and the north tower are the oldest components. They have survived 600 years and, with the construction work of the late 19th century, form the monument of a typical German moated castle.
On April 19, 2020, the attached castle bakery burned down.
Fixed and changing events
- Regular events on the castle complex are the knight festival, Easter market, witch festival, Halloween and castle Christmas, as well as medieval restaurants, music events, theater performances and stage shows.
- Rooms and grounds can be rented for company events and private parties.
- The castle grounds can be visited at any time without admission. Castle tours of the interior of the castle house are offered for a fee. There are various restaurants and shops on the castle grounds.
literature
- Dirk Holterman, Harald Herzog: The Euskirchen Castle Tour. Cycling between Erft and Eifel . Rau, Düsseldorf 2000, ISBN 3-7919-0750-6 , p. 44 ( online )
- Elke Lutterbach: Burg Satzvey guide, reference work and picture book ( knight castles . Volume 2). JP Bachem-Verlag, Cologne 2005, ISBN 3-7616-1863-8 .
Web links
- Entry on Satzvey in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute
- Entry for Satzvey in the private database "Alle Burgen".
- Burg Satzvey Site of the castle
- Material about Satzvey Castle. (PDF; 218 kB) In: Duncker Collection of the Central and State Library Berlin. Archived from the original on March 28, 2012 ; accessed on February 17, 2014 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Michael Schwarz, Jakob Priebe: Mechernich: Fire brigade on a large scale at fire on Satzvey Castle. In: ksta.de. April 20, 2020, accessed May 3, 2020 .
