Caerleon
Caerleon ( Welsh : Caerllion-ar-Wysg ) is a village on the banks of the Usk in north Newport in Wales , a district of Newport. The village housed parts of the University of Wales at Newport until it closed in 2016. As of 2011 it had 8,747 inhabitants. Until the 19th century, when the shipyards in Newport had their boom, Caerleon was an important port on the Usk with its own shipyard on the right bank of the river, west of today's bridge. At the same time, it represented the limit of navigability for sailing ships on the river. The bridges stood on the old Roman via praetoria until, after a bridge collapsed in 1772 due to a devastating storm, it was rebuilt elsewhere. Today Caerleon has tourist importance mainly because of its historical importance and because of its retail trade. In the village there are several historical pups, e.g. B. Ye Olde Bull Inn , which has been in existence since the 15th century, or The Hanbury Arms , which has been in existence since 1565 .
Caerleon in Roman times
Caerleon was the site of a Roman legionary camp during Roman times . It was the headquarters of the Legio II Augusta from 75 to 300 AD . Before that there was an Iron Age rampart . The name Caerleon is derived from the Welsh term for “legionary camp”. The Romans themselves called it "Isca Silurum", after the Celtic tribe of the Silurians who settled on the Usk.
Place of Christian martyrs?
The monk Beda Venerabilis mentions in the “ Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum ” that two Christians named Aaron and Julius were tortured and tortured at the time of the first English martyr St. Alban because of their beliefs in “legionem urbis”, the “city of legions” were killed. According to the current state of research, this city may have been Caerleon, Chester or Leicester .
Caerleon and King Arthur
Caerleon is one of the places identified as the Camelot of King Arthur . In the legend Kulhwch ac Olwen ("Kulhwch and Olwen"), a place called Celli Wig is the starting point for the adventures of Arthur and his companions. Geoffrey of Monmouth first connects Celli Wig with Caerllion, and Wace and Layamon share this view that Caerllion was the seat of Arthur's court. Sir Thomas Malory , who later revised the material on Arthur, spoke of the coronation site in "Carlion".
It is believed that the remains of the amphitheater, which have always been visible over the centuries, supported the legend of the round table. The name Camelot only appears in Chrétien de Troyes . Caerleon also later attracted writers who dealt literarily with the Arthurian legend. Alfred Lord Tennyson wrote the " Idylls of the King " in a house high above the Usk, which now houses the "Hanbury Arms" pub. In the novel "Arthur, King in Britain", Michael Morpurgo locates the castle in which Arthur commits incest with his half-sister Morgaine in Caerleon.
Caerleon in the Middle Ages
Towards the end of the 11th century, the Welsh Kingdom of Gwent was conquered by the Normans . In Caerleon, the conquerors built Caerleon Castle to secure their rule . During a Welsh uprising after the death of King Henry I of England in 1136, Morgan and Iorwerth ab Owain , two grandsons of Caradog ap Gruffydd , the last Welsh king of Gwent, conquered the castle. Caerleon became the center of a Welsh rule under loose Anglo-Norman suzerainty. The castle was often fought over between Welsh and Anglo-Normans. Around 1175 Iorwerth or his son Hywel ab Iorwerth founded the Cistercian Llantarnam Abbey northwest of the castle. In 1270 Gilbert de Clare finally occupied the rule and drove out the last Welsh Lord Maredudd ap Gruffudd . After the death of Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford , Caerleon fell to Hugh le Despenser in 1322 . After he was executed as a traitor in 1326, the castle and town fell to the crown. In 1466 William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke, was appointed royal steward of Usk and Caerleon.
Sports
The city has one football club ( Amateur Football Club Caerleon ) and two rugby clubs ( Rugby Football Club High School-Newport Old Boys and Rugby Football Club Caerleon ).
The city hosted part of the 2010 Ryder Cup , the Newport Half Marathon , the Tour de Gwent , the 2017 Tour of Britain , and the 2018 Tour of Britain .
Caerleon Arts Festival
Every year in July there is an art festival in the city, attended by wood carvers and artists from all over the world. Sculptures are then kept in the city as local landmarks. Every July there is a re-enactment of the Roman military with full armor and weapons. There are also literary festivals, food and drink exhibitions, and visual arts performances.
Sons and daughters of the church
- Arthur Make (1863–1947), Welsh fantastic story writer
- Gary Hocking (1937–1962), Rhodesian motorcycle racer
- Jack Austin (1917–1993), interfaith dialogue pioneer and author
- The Darling Buds (1986-1993), an indie rock - band
- James May (1963–), presenter and journalist
Web links
- Caerleon.net Website about the history of Caerleon
- National Roman Legionary Museum Caerleons Museum page
- Caerleon Castle Castle Description
- University of Wales, Newport Newport, University of Wales
Coordinates: 51 ° 37 ′ N , 2 ° 58 ′ W
Individual evidence
- ^ Caerleon campus closure jobs risk . In: BBC News . September 12, 2014 ( bbc.com [accessed April 11, 2020]).
- ^ Custom report - Nomis - Official Labor Market Statistics. Retrieved April 11, 2020 .
- ↑ Caerleon | Newport City Council. Retrieved April 11, 2020 .
- ↑ a b Caerleon Heritage Trail ISCA Wales UK. Retrieved April 11, 2020 .
- ^ Bernhard Maier : Lexicon of Celtic Religion and Culture (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 466). Kröner, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-520-46601-5 , p. 74.
- ^ Caerleon Town AFC. Retrieved April 11, 2020 .
- ^ Newport HSOB RFC. Retrieved April 11, 2020 (UK English).
- ^ Caerleon RFC. Retrieved April 11, 2020 (UK English).
- ↑ The Route. In: The Admiral City of Newport Half Marathon. Retrieved April 11, 2020 (UK English).
- ^ Tour de Gwent. Retrieved April 11, 2020 .
- ^ William Fotheringham: Geraint Thomas finds climb near home too steep in Tour of Britain . In: The Guardian . September 2, 2018, ISSN 0261-3077 ( theguardian.com [accessed April 11, 2020]).
- ^ A b Karen Price: Arts preview: Caerleon Arts Festival, various venues. July 6, 2009, accessed April 11, 2020 .