Carihuairazo
| Carihuairazo | ||
|---|---|---|
 The Carihuairazo to the left of the greater Chimborazo seen from the north |
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| height | 5018 m | |
| location | Ecuador | |
| Mountains | Andes ( Western Cordillera ) | |
| Dominance | 9.84 km → Chimborazo | |
| Notch height | 620 m | |
| Coordinates | 1 ° 24 '25 " S , 78 ° 45' 0" W | |
| Topo map | IGM, CT-IV-C1 | |
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| Type | Caldera | |
| Age of the rock | Paleogene (Gomez 1994) | |
| First ascent | 1951 by A. Eichler, HL Uribe, J. Morawiecki | |
| Normal way | Alpine tour (glaciated) | |
The Carihuairazo volcano (also Carihuayrazo ) is the heavily eroded remnant of a volcanic caldera . It is the smaller neighbor of Ecuador's highest mountain, the Chimborazo .
Geography & Geology
location
The Carihuairazo is located in the western cordillera of the Ecuadorian Andes , 150 km south-southwest of the Ecuadorian capital Quito . Its immediate neighbor is the 6,267 meter high Chimborazo. The nearest towns are Riobamba (about 30 km southeast), Ambato (about 30 km northwest) and Guaranda (about 30 km southwest). Carihuairazo's 1.5 km wide, heavily eroded caldera is open to the east.
The Carihuairazo is located within the nature reserve Reserva de Produccion Faunistica Chimborazo , which serves to protect the habitat for the camelid vicuña , lama and alpaca native to the Andes .
glacier
Carihuairazo's glacier has lost significant mass over the past few decades due to global warming and ash cover as a result of the current volcanic activity of its eastern neighbor Tungurahua . In 2017 an area of 0.03 km² was left.
Volcanism
Originally de Carihuairazo was a volcano similar in size to the Chimborazo. Today's caldera is what remains after explosions during its last period of activity. There is no historical evidence of activity, the Carihuairazo is considered inactive.
history
etymology
The name probably comes from Quichua and is a combination of the words Cari (man), huay (wind) and razu (ice / snow) (Schmudlach 2001). According to local Indian mythology, Carihuairazo and El Altar (both badly eroded calderas) were destroyed by Taita (father) Chimborazo in a dispute over the favor of Mama Tungurahua .
First ascent
The Carihuayrazo was climbed by Edward Whymper and brothers Louis and Jean-Antoine Carrel during their 1880 Ecuador expedition. From Whymper's descriptions it is not clear which summit they have climbed, it is assumed that they have climbed the Mocha (4960 m) and not the Maxima summit (5018 m).
The first ascent of the Maxima summit (1951) is attributed to Arturo Eichler, Horacio Lopez Uribe and Jean Morawiecki (Neate 1994).
Rockclimbing
Due to the glacier retreat , the difficulty for climbing the Carihuairazo is increasing. Where it used to be mainly a glacier climb, today technical climbing is necessary in many places, the most complicated part is the summit tower (Maxima, 5018 m).
- The Carihuairazo can be climbed all year round. The best seasons are December – January and July – August.
- Good altitude acclimatization is recommended.
- The mountain is recorded on the IGM ( Instituto Geografico Militar ) 1: 50,000 map Chimborazo (CT-ÑIV-C1) .
Routes
The normal route to Carihuairazo Maxima (5018 m) starts from a bivouac at 4600 m. You can reach the summit ridge either over the SW ridge or directly from the west over the glacier. Difficult technical climbing is necessary to climb the summit tower.
literature
- Gomez, Nelson (1994). Atlas del Ecuador . Editorial Ediguias. ISBN 9978-89-009-2 .
- Neate, Jill (1994). Mountaineering in the Andes . Expedition Advisory Center. ISBN 0-907649-64-5 .
- Schmudlach, Günter (2001). Mountain guide Ecuador . Panico Alpinverlag. ISBN 3-926807-82-2 .
- IGM (Instituto Geografico Militar, Ecuador) (1991). Chimborazo Ecuador, CT-ÑIV-C1 . Retrieved August 10, 2006.
Footnotes
- ↑ The Tungurahua has been active again since 1999, with the most significant eruptions from October to December 1999 and May to July 2006, ( Actividad Volcan Tungurahua ( Memento from May 1, 2006 in the Internet Archive ). Instituto Geofísico, EPN Ecuador. Retrieved on December 12 , 2006 . August 2006.)
- ^ Cáceres Correa, Bolívar Ernesto: New Ecuadorian National Glacier Inventory . In: 20th EGU General Assembly, EGU2018, Proceedings from the conference held April 4-13, 2018 in Vienna, Austria, p.11214 . April 2018, bibcode : 2018EGUGA..2011214C .
- ↑ Arturo Eichler emigrated from Germany to Ecuador in 1934 for political reasons, he was later an important ecologist and conservationist in Venezuela, ( Arturo Eichler - Biografia ( Memento des Originals from January 9, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note . Fundacion la Era Agricola. Retrieved on August 10, 2006.)
- ↑ Jean Morawiecki was interim responsible for the French embassy in Ecuador in 1950/51, ( Ambassade ( Memento des Originals of July 5, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note .. Ambassade de l'Equateur en France. Retrieved on August 10, 2006.)
Web links
- Mountaineers information for the Carihuairazo (English)
- Official website of the reserve "Reserva de Produccion Faunistica Chimborazo" (Spanish)
