Caroliner Erbstollen
| Caroliner Erbstollen | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General information about the mine | |||
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| other names | Caroliner Erbstolln Carolien Erbstollen Caroline Stolln Caroline Erbstollen Karoliner Erbstollen Carolina Stollen |
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| Mining technology | Underground mining | ||
| Funding / total | 2750 t | ||
| Information about the mining company | |||
| Employees | 20th | ||
| Start of operation | 1735 | ||
| End of operation | 1873 | ||
| Successor use | see Caroline mine | ||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Hard coal | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 51 ° 30 '28.5 " N , 7 ° 37' 52.5" E | ||
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| Location | Natorp | ||
| local community | Holzwickede | ||
| District ( NUTS3 ) | Unna | ||
| country | State of North Rhine-Westphalia | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
| District | Ruhr area | ||
The Caroliner Erbstollen was an Erbstollen in Holzwickede- Natorp. The tunnel was also temporarily listed under the names Caroliner Erbstolln, Carolien Erbstollen, Caroline Stolln, Caroline Erbstollen or Karoliner Erbstollen. From 1756 it was also called the tunnel at the Hünenknfer and from 1767 the Carolina tunnel. The Caroliner Erbstollen was part of the Hörde mining area .
history
The first years
On December 12, 1735 was carried presumption of deep tunnels and then the tunnel was ascended . The tunnel mouth hole is located on the Stuckenberg, 200 meters east of the Natorper mill. The tunnel was first in a cross heading south propelled , then mostly in Nebenflöz west. Further excavation in 1756. On August 18, 1767, the mining authority approval to start coal production was granted. On October 2nd of the same year, the award of the Erbstollen fairness with the name Carolien Erbstollen took place, in addition, the general mortgage was given . According to the records of the mercenary carters, the coal transports then went to the Königsborn salt works . On February 5, 1768, the fief was extended to the land crown. On November 11, 1774 the seams Caroline No. 1, 2 and 3 were measured , coal mining was carried out in the tunnel . On July 20, 1784, the Erbstollen was the Baron von Stein traveled . In 1786 the tunnel was still in operation. In 1789 water ingress occurred from an old substation . In 1794 the artificial shaft shaft 1 was sunk and put into operation the following year. The shaft was equipped with a water art . Then mining was carried out up to 52 meters below the bottom of the Erbstollen. In 1797 the tunnel was in operation, but no coal was delivered to the Königsborn saltworks.
19th century
In 1800, the tunnel was driven further west in the side seam, the artificial shaft and the Henriette mining shaft were in operation. In the following year, the dismantling of the art shaft was completed and the art shaft including the water art was shut down. In 1805 the Heinrich, Wilhelm, Ludwig and Friederich pits were in operation, the coal was sold to the "Salzcoctur" in Unna-Königsborn. In 1810 the tunnel was driven further, partly in the main seam and partly in the secondary seam. The Friederich, Feldschacht and Aurora shafts were in operation. In 1815 the Glückauf, Hope, Heinrich, Friederich, No. 2 and Neuerschacht pits were in operation. In 1820 the tunnel was driven in the main seam, the Luna and air shafts were in operation. In 1822, the tunnel was to below the marl ascended .
In 1825 the Meyer, Sibilla and Luftschacht shafts were in operation. In 1830 the Erbstollen reached the Mine to mine Black Eagles , they ranged Crane Field Siepen (today Reuterstraße). The length of the tunnel from the tunnel mouth hole is 1870 Lachter , that is about 3913 meters. In 1840 the main seam was encountered in the east of the Caroline field. The tunnel was then excavated by the Schwarze Adler colliery until 1843 as a sole location. The total length was now 5184 meters. The Gottfried, Luna, Carl, Meyer and Hope shafts were in operation in 1825. In the same year, work began on sinking the Geismar shaft, which was located on the marrow of the Schwarze Adler colliery. In 1832 the dismantling had to be interrupted several times, it was completely stopped in November and repair work was carried out.
In 1835, the inheritance tunnel was taken over by a new owner, and the Wilhelmine shaft , which took several tons, was sunk for the mining of the Gottfriedsbank seam. Starting in October of the same year, minor funding again. On July 26th, 1837, mining and subsequent prospecting work continued . From January 14th to April 24th, 1838, there was again little coal production at the Gottfried mine, followed by further investigations. In 1840 prospecting was carried out in the eastern field. Between the years 1843 and 1845, only repair work was carried out in the tunnel. On March 22, 1844 14 Lachter took place west of the bay Geismar Verstufung of Caroliner Erbstollens by the mining authorities against the bill Black Eagles. In 1846, about 80 meters east of the Friederich shaft, an attempt was made to sink a ton-long test shaft. The shaft was intended as shaft 1 for the later transition to civil engineering and was located 60 meters south of today's Haus Massener Straße. On July 22nd of the same year, the New Carolina square was awarded .
In 1847 the test shaft reached the hereditary tunnel at a shallower depth of 33 meters. At a shallower depth of 13 meters below the bottom of the tunnel, the sinking was stopped, the reason for this was a water build-up in the tunnel. All work ceased in December of the same year. On January 12th and 13th, 1849, the Geviertfelder Caroline I-IV were awarded. In 1854 civil engineering began . On August 14, 1855 another change of ownership and renaming to Zeche Caroline . The name was changed under mining law on January 10, 1873.
Promotion and workforce
The degraded in Caroliner Erbstollen coals were bituminous coals of good quality. The first workforce dates from 1795, 16 miners were employed in the Erbstollen. The first production figures come from the year 1797, 22,471 ringlets , that is around 1,685 tons, were extracted from hard coal . In 1800 the production sank to 641 tons of hard coal. In 1805 1,969 tons were mined and in the following year 2,033 tons. In 1810, 19 miners extracted 1,271 tons. In 1820, 20 miners extracted 50,000 bushels , that is 2,750 tons, of hard coal. In 1825 the production sank to 30,000 bushels (1,650 tons). In 1830 production fell again to 1,536 tons. In 1832 production fell again to 518 tons. In the following years the production also decreased, in 1835 140 tons were extracted. In 1837 the production rose to 527 tons. In 1840 only 106 tons were extracted. 1841 slight increase in production to 135 tons. The last known production figures come from the year 1847, 86 tons of hard coal were produced.
Current condition
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The tunnel mouth hole of the Caroliner Erbstollen still exists today. It is located on the Holzwickeder Bach on the waterway in Holzwickede-Natorp, about 200 meters below the Natorper mill. The tunnel mouth hole was restored a few years ago and made accessible for inspection. The mouth hole is station no.22 on the Holzwickede mining circuit . Information about the history of the Erbstollen is provided by an information board set up near the tunnel mouth hole. In the area of the beautiful flute at the Holzwickeder Bach there is the shaft penguin of a light hole . This pinge is station no. 21 on the mining circuit. In addition, there are other collapse penguins in this area, which come from the shafts of the Caroliner Erbstollen. These pings are station no.19 on the mining circuit, they are located on the forest path between Holzwickeder Straße and Billmericher Weg.
A perforated brick from the Caroline colliery from 1859 has been in the Holzwickede home parlor since mid-2015.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144). 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
- ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Seventh volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1859.
- ↑ a b c d Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition, unchanged reprint of the 3rd edition. Verlag Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor to Hans Köster KG, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .
- ↑ The coal of the Ruhr area . Second, completely revised and completed edition, published by M. DuMont-Schaumberg'schen Buchhandlung, Cologne 1874.
- ^ The early mining on the Ruhr: Mundloch des Caroliner Erbstollen (accessed on October 24, 2012).
- ^ The early mining on the Ruhr: Lichtloch No. 18 of the Caroliner Erbstollen (accessed on October 24, 2012).
- ^ The early mining on the Ruhr: Einsturzpingen am Holzwickeder Bach (accessed October 24, 2012).
- ↑ Hellweger Anzeiger of July 22, 2015, Holzwickede edition, page 17: "A perforated stone recalls the time of black gold"
Web links
- Early mining on the Ruhr: Caroliner Erbstollen (accessed on October 24, 2012)
- Early mining on the Ruhr: Historical map around 1840 (accessed October 24, 2012)
- Early mining on the Ruhr: Map of the situation around 2000 (accessed on October 24, 2012)
- Early mining in the Ruhr: map of the area (accessed October 24, 2012)
