Cheirostylis

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Cheirostylis
Cheirostylis griffithii Figure 397 in: George King, Robert Pantling: The Orchids of the Sikkim-Himalaya (1897)

Cheirostylis griffithii
Figure 397 in:
George King, Robert Pantling:
The Orchids of the Sikkim-Himalaya
(1897)

Systematics
Order : Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family : Orchids (orchidaceae)
Subfamily : Orchidoideae
Tribe : Cranichideae
Sub tribus : Goodyerinae
Genre : Cheirostylis
Scientific name
Cheirostylis
flower

Cheirostylis is a genus from the family of the orchid (Orchidaceae). It consists of around 50 types of herbaceous plants that are native to tropical Africa, Asia and Australia.

description

The species of the genus Cheirostylis form a creeping rhizome , which is cylindrical or constricted at the nodes . The roots are replaced by thread-like rhizoids that arise between the nodes on the rhizome. In some species, real roots arise from the nodes instead; these are fleshy and hairy. The rising shoots carry the leaves evenly distributed or compressed into a loose rosette. The leaves are asymmetrically elongated to rounded and have a short stalk. The leaf base includes the shoot. The leaf veins can be set off lightly, in some species the leaves are spotted.

The racemose inflorescence appears terminal. The inflorescence axis is hairy and is surrounded by a few bracts . The bracts are about as long as ovary and pedicel together. The twisted ovary can be cylindrical, spindle-shaped or conical, sometimes it is hairy. The flowers are resupinated . Half or all of the three sepals have grown together to form a tube; the dorsal sepal can also be completely free. The lateral petals are linear to spatulate, they adhere to the upper petal. The lip is fused with the edges of the column at the base . The lip is divided into three parts: the basal part, the hypochil, is slightly bowl-shaped with lateral appendages. In the middle part, the mesochil, the edges are turned up so that the lip almost forms a tube here. The front part, the epichil, has entire or bilobed margins, the edge can be fringed. The column is short, towards the front it becomes a little wider. The stamen contains two pollinia , each of which is connected to the adhesive disc (Viscidium) by a small stalk. The scar consists of two separate surfaces, each with a sterile appendage on the side. The separating tissue between stigma and stamen (rostellum) is triangular and deeply incised. The capsule fruit is spindle-shaped to oval, sometimes widening towards the front.

Occurrence

Cheirostylis is native to the tropics of the Old World . The genus inhabits the wetter areas of tropical Africa and mainland South and Southeast Asia, the Philippine and Indonesian islands, northeast Australia and some Pacific islands such as New Caledonia , the Carolines and Vanuatu . Cheirostylis can be found from sea level to altitudes of 2500 meters. They grow in moist forests in the humus layer or between mosses, mostly terrestrial, occasionally also on rocks or epiphytically .

Systematics and botanical history

Cheirostylis montana , illustration
Cheirostylis nuda , illustration

Cheirostylis is classified within the tribe Cranichideae in the subtribe Goodyerinae . According to Dressler, this can be further divided into two groups; Cheirostylis is in the smaller group with two separate scar surfaces.

The genus Cheirostylis was established by Carl Ludwig Blume in 1825 . The name is made up of the Greek words χείρ cheiros , "hand", and στήλη stylos , "column"; it refers to the column, which has a four-fingered end due to the two scar appendages and the two-part rostellum. The type species is Cheirostylis montana .

There are currently 56 species of Cheirostylis :

literature

  • Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb , Mark W. Chase, Finn Rasmussen (Eds.): Genera Orchidacearum. Orchidoideae (Part 2). Vanilloideae . tape 3 . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford 2003, ISBN 0-19-850711-9 .
  • Xinqi Chen, Stephan W. Gale, Phillip J. Cribb, Paul Ormerod: Cheirostylis . In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . tape 25 . Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, S. 58 ( eFloras.org - 1994+).
  • Jim B. Comber: Orchids of Java . Bentham-Moxon Trust, Kew 1990, ISBN 0-947643-21-4 , pp. 39-40 .
  • Isobyl la Croix, Phillip Cribb: Cheirostylis . In: Flora Zambesiaca . tape 11 , no. 1 , 1995 ( apps.kew.org ).

Web links

Commons : Cheirostylis  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c Paul Ormerod, Phillip Cribb, Alec M. Pridgeon: Cheirostylis. In: Genera Orchidacearum. Volume 3, pp. 77-80.
  2. ↑ a b Xinqi Chen, Stephan W. Gale, Phillip J. Cribb, Paul Ormerod: Cheirostylis. In: Flora of China. Volume 25, p. 58.
  3. ^ Robert L. Dressler: Phylogeny and Classification of the Orchid Family . Cambridge University Press, 1993, ISBN 0-521-45058-6 , pp. 118 .
  4. ↑ a b c d e Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Cheirotylis. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved March 26, 2020.