Chemical factory Kalle

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Company founder Wilhelm Kalle (1838–1919)

The chemical factory Kalle & Co. was a company founded in Biebrich in 1863 (since 1926 Wiesbaden -Biebrich), which merged with IG Farbenindustrie AG in 1925 . Between 1952 and 1972 again as an independent stock corporation , the company was then incorporated into Hoechst AG and in 1997 to the Kalle-Albert industrial park , in which Kalle GmbH, founded in 1995 and one of the world's leading producers of industrially manufactured sausage casings, is based Viscose , plastic and textile based.

history

View from the south

The chemical factory Kalle & Co. , later Kalle & Co. AG in Biebrich was founded on August 8, 1863 as a limited partnership by Dr. Wilhelm Kalle (born April 26, 1838, † February 24, 1919). His father Jakob Alexander Kalle (1796–1865) was a limited partner and provided 100,000 guilders as start-up capital.

The company started out with only three workers in rented rooms and only produced paints; In 1885 the production of pharmaceuticals began. After the death of his father, Fritz Kalle , the founder's brother, became a partner in the now open trading company until 1881 .

In 1897 the founder's son, Wilhelm Ferdinand Kalle (1870–1954), also became a partner in the OHG. In 1904 Kalle was converted into a stock corporation with 664 employees . In 1906 Kalle AG formed the Dreiverband with the two-way association of Farbwerke Hoechst and Cassella-Farbwerke , a community of convenience characterized by mutual interlinked capital and supply relationships.

During a fire on the factory premises in the night of October 18-19, 1921, the factory's paint store and the historic Kurfürstenmühle burned down. It was only through the intervention of the neighboring Albert and Dyckerhoff works fire brigades that the flames could be prevented from spreading to the actual factory buildings.

Administration building of Kalle AG, built in 1938

In 1925 Kalle, at that time with 2,128 employees, joined IG Farbenindustrie AG, together with the majority of the large chemical companies in Germany, after close contractual relationships with each other since the First World War. As a result, Kalle had to hand over all of its dye activities to Hoechst; the number of employees fell to 1,239 in 1926.

When IG Farben was split up in 1952, Kalle AG was re-established as an independent company, but its shares were soon taken over by Hoechst AG. 1972 Kalle (having now around 8,200 employees) in the Hoechst AG incorporated in 1986 renamed Hoechst AG, Werk Kalle and 1989 to the adjacent plant Albert in Mainz-Amöneburg (formerly Chemische Werke Albert ) to work Kalle-Albert of Hoechst AG amalgamated. Soon afterwards, the reorganization of Hoechst AG began, combined with a considerable reduction in staff at the Kalle-Albert plant.

In 1997 the Kalle-Albert u. a. divided into Kalle (Nalo) GmbH (then 650 employees) and Shin-Etsu Tylose . The operator of the industrial park Kalle-Albert is InfraServ Wiesbaden .

Products

Logo of Kalle & Co. AG

When it was founded in 1863, Kalle was involved in the production of tar dyes. In 1885 the development of synthetic remedies made from coal tar ingredients began, iodol (wound disinfection), anti-tuberculosis agents, antifebrin and bioferrin came onto the market.

In 1923 Kalle & Co. AG began producing diazo tracing papers for the Ozalid® copy. This diazotype is based on a photosensitive paper with great stability before exposure and high photosensitivity for sharp reproductions. In 1920 the first drying process for diazotypes was brought onto the market, in which the development was carried out by ammonia vapors. In 1932 the Ozaphan film was launched with great significance for the film industry and amateur photography. Plastic foils have also been produced since 1939/40. After the Second World War, the Azoplate Corp. was founded in the USA. founded, which until 1996 for American Hoechst Corp. developed and produced photosensitive systems.

After the dyestuff production was spun off to the Höchst plant of IG-Farbenindustrie AG in 1925, far-reaching developments in the field of cellulose chemistry were made in the Kalle plant. This was followed as the first patents DE451498 for cellulose solutions and DE478680 for cellulose casings. The actual invention of cellulose ethers (brand name Tylose) as definable macromolecules goes back to Hermann Staudinger in 1920–1922. In 1928 the production of artificial casings made of cellophane was started and in 1929 the production of seamless sausage casings under the Nalo brand .

Kalle GmbH (founded in 1995 as Kalle Nalo GmbH) continues the traditional business with industrially manufactured sausage casings on a viscose, polymer and textile basis as well as with the sponge cloths based on cellulose and cotton fibers launched on the market in 1955 and is one of the world’s in this segment leading producers.

brand names

  • Alkylin
  • Aluna
  • Antifebrin
  • Bioferrin
  • Biolase
  • Depron
  • cellophane
  • Glutofix
  • Glutoline
  • Iodol
  • Nalo (sausage casings)
  • Ozalid (diazotype)
  • Ozaphane
  • Ozasol (presensitized offset printing plates)
  • Viveral
  • Supronyl
  • Tylose (cellulose derivatives)

literature

  • Kalle & Co. Akt.-Ges. Biebrich a. Rh. (1863-1913). Celebration of the 50th anniversary of the factory on August 17th and 18th, 1913 . Biebrich: Zeidler 1913;
  • Kalle & Co. Akt.-Ges. Biebrich a.Rh. 1863-1913 . Mannheim: Mertens 1913
  • Heinrich Voelcker: 75 years of Kalle. A contribution to Nassau's industrial history. Wiesbaden-Biebrich 1938
  • Kalle & Co. Akt.-Ges. Biebrich a. Rh., "Willkommen bei Kalle", operating book of Kalle & Co. Akt.-Ges. (67 pages) 1952.
  • Klaus Maurice: Kaleidoscope 63. 100 years of Kalle. Published by Kalle AG Wiesbaden-Biebrich on the occasion of its centenary from 1863 to 1963 . Verlag Mensch und Arbeit, Munich 1963
  • 125 years of Kalle in Biebrich am Rhein. [Booklet accompanying the exhibition]. Wiesbaden-Biebrich 1988
  • Otto Renkhoff, Nassauische Biographie , 2nd edition 1992
  • FAZ 02.01.2010: Portrait: Walter Niederstätter - The Lord of the Sausage Sleeves

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Florian Langenscheidt , Bernd Venohr (ed.): Lexicon of German world market leaders. The premier class of German companies in words and pictures . German Standards Editions, Cologne 2010, ISBN 978-3-86936-221-2 .
  2. ^ Hochheimer Stadtanzeiger from October 20, 1921
  3. ↑ Bioferrin preparation ( Memento from March 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 402 kB)
  4. ^ Ozaphan trademark register
  5. ↑ The way from the blueprint via zincography layers to the CtP plates by Dr. Werner Fraß, VDD yearbook 2008, pages 49-68 (PDF; 15.4 MB)
  6. ↑ Patent DE451498 (filed February 9, 1926, granted October 27, 1927)
  7. ↑ Patent DE478680 (filed September 16, 1927, granted June 13, 1929)
  8. ^ Trademark register Tylose
  9. ↑ Cellophane trademark register
  10. ^ Nalo trademark register

Coordinates: 50 ° 2 ′ 0 ″  N , 8 ° 14 ′ 45 ″  E