Georg Schmorl

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Christian Georg Schmorl

Georg Schmorl (born May 2, 1861 in Mügeln , † August 14, 1932 in Dresden ) was a German pathologist .

Life

Schmorl attended the prince school Sankt Afra in Meissen . After graduating, he first studied mathematics and natural sciences at the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg for a year . To medical school in 1882, he moved to the University of Leipzig . There he became a member of the Grimensia country team . After graduating (medical state examination in 1887) and receiving his doctorate in the same year ( a case of hermaphroditism ), he began training as a pathologist with Felix Victor Birch-Hirschfeld . In 1892 he completed his habilitation in pathology with a thesis on eclampsia ( About puerperal clampsia ).

In 1894 he was appointed head of the pathological-anatomical institute of the city ​​hospital in Dresden-Friedrichstadt . He was a prosector there and in 1903 became adjunct professor. In October 1894 he married Maria Marthaus , with whom he had two daughters and a son. He stayed there for almost four decades until his retirement in 1931. He declined appointments to Marburg (1903) and Freiburg im Breisgau (1906).

In 1923 he was elected a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina .

He died on August 14, 1932 of blood poisoning from inflammation of a finger that he had injured during an autopsy .

plant

Georg Schmorl ( Robert Sterl , 1921)

Building on his dissertation, Schmorl published a monograph on the same topic the following year . He also deserves the distinction of having coined the term kernicterus . At first he only referred to the pathological anatomical phenomenon of a particularly sharply demarcated and intense yellow coloration of the basal ganglia in newborns who had died with the signs of newborn jaundice . The term was later transferred to the neurological clinical picture exhibited by children who survive severe jaundice. During his subsequent career his publications covered roughly the entire field of pathology. However, Schmorl was particularly interested in the skeleton . His major work in this area, entitled The Healthy and Sick Spine , appeared a few months before his death. The Schmorl cartilage nodules - changes in the vertebral bodies caused by Scheuermann's disease - are named after him.

As part of his work as head of the pathological institute of the Dresden-Friedrichstadt Hospital, Schmorl expanded the collection of anatomical-pathological specimens that had existed there since 1849 and expanded it into one of the largest scientific collections in the Kingdom of Saxony . The core of the collection is bone pathology specimens from the 1920s and over 20,000 x-rays and photos of malformations of the human spine made by Schmorl. During the Weißeritz flood in 2002 , parts of this collection were badly damaged, but could be saved until 2011. Today the collection is looked after by the Technical University of Dresden and is located in the Pathological Institute of the Friedrichstadt Hospital, which also bears his name.

Schmorl was one of the initiators of the founding of the German Pathological Society in 1897 with Rudolf Virchow , Heinrich von Recklinghausen and Felix Victor Birch-Hirschfeld and its chairman from 1921 to 1923.

Publications

  • A case of hermaphroditism . Virchows Archiv 113 (1888), pp. 229-244. doi: 10.1007 / BF02360124
  • Atlas of pathological tissue theory . Leipzig 1893.
  • Pathological-anatomical studies on puerperal eclampsia . Leipzig 1893.
  • The pathological-histological examination methods . Leipzig 1897 (15th edition 1928)
  • with E. Bode: About tumors of the placenta . Archive for Gynecology 56 (1898), pp. 73–82 doi: 10.1007 / BF02018897
  • Stereoscopic photographic atlas of the pathological anatomy of the heart . Munich 1899.
  • On the doctrine of eclampsia . Archives for Gynecology 65 (1902), pp. 504-529 doi: 10.1007 / BF02007170
  • To be aware of neonatorial jaundice, especially the brain changes that occur . Negotiations of the German Society of Pathologists 6 (1904), pp. 109–115.
  • Comments on the work of Ribbert: The traction diverticula of the esophagus. This archive 178, issue 3. Virchows archive 179, 1, 190–193 (1905) doi: 10.1007 / BF02029816
  • About the influence of a low-phosphorus diet on bone growth . (1913) doi: 10.1007 / BF01865422
  • The pathological anatomy of the spine . Negotiations of the German Orthopedic Society 21 (1926), pp. 3–41.
  • About stretching and pulling processes on the intervertebral discs and their consequences . Central sheet for general pathology and pathological anatomy 40 (1927), pp. 244-246.
  • Brief comment on R. Probst's work on the incidence of lung carcinoma (1927)
  • The pathogenesis of juvenile kyphosis . Advances in X-rays (1930)
  • with J. Junghans: The healthy and sick spine in the X-ray . Advances in X-rays 43 (1932)
  • Contribution to the knowledge of the spondylolisthesis . In: Deutsche Zeitschrift für Chirurgie 237 (1932), pp. 422-428 doi: 10.1007 / BF02796845

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Member entry by Christian Georg Schmorl at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on June 25, 2016.
  2. ^ Madeleine Arndt: The mummy from the Friedrichstadt hospital . Dresden Latest News , October 14, 2011.
  3. ^ University collections in Germany - Georg Schmorl pathology collection
personal data
SURNAME Schmorl, Georg
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schmorl, Christian Georg (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German pathologist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH May 2, 1861
PLACE OF BIRTH Mügeln , Saxony
DATE OF DEATH August 14, 1932
Place of death Dresden