Christoph Daniel Ebeling

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Christoph Daniel Ebeling, copper engraving by Siegfried Detlev Bendixen (1818)

Christoph Daniel Ebeling (* 20th November 1741 in Garmissen in Hildesheim , † thirtieth June 1817 in Hamburg ) was a hamburger reconnaissance , American studies , teacher , music critic and librarian .

life and work

Ebeling attended the Johanneum grammar school in Lüneburg from 1753 to 1762 and then completed a four-year study of theology, philology, geography and history at the University of Göttingen . After working as a private tutor in Leipzig , in 1769 he went to teach at the Hamburg Commercial Academy, a private school for training prospective businesspeople, headed by Johann Georg Büsch . In 1784 Ebeling also took over a professorship for history and the Greek language at the Hamburg Academic Gymnasium . Due to increasing deafness, he had to stop teaching and was director of the Hamburg city library from 1799 until his death in 1817 .

During his studies with Gottfried Achenwall in Göttingen , Ebeling developed a great interest in North America . During his time in Hamburg, this prompted him to publish an extensive work of writings on the political and historical development of the United States, of which his description of the earth and history of America , published in seven volumes between 1793 and 1816, deserve special mention. As part of his work at the Hamburg Commercial Academy, together with the Hamburg mathematics professor Johann Georg Büsch, he published the renowned business journal Handlungsbibliothek , which appeared in three volumes between 1784 and 1797. He also tried to convey the ideals of the American independence movement to his students, including Alexander von Humboldt from 1790–91 .

Gravestone plaque Althamburg Memorial Cemetery Ohlsdorf

As the head of the Hamburg City Library, Ebeling expanded the holdings, carried out a fundamental revision of the outdated catalog system and opened it twice a week. At the same time he worked as a literary and music critic, was friends with Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach and Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock , and after his death in 1803 continued the complete edition of Klopstock's works. Around 1780 he created a German translation of Georg Friedrich Handel's Messiah , which Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart used for his adaptation of the Messiah . In addition, he translated the epoch-making musicological work of the Englishman Charles Burney The present state of music in France and Italy into German. Ebeling, who had been hearing-impaired since his youth, became completely deaf towards the end of his life, which, according to his own statements, prevented him from moving to America. In return, he obtained a wide range of material about North America from the Hamburg City Library and the Göttingen University Library and built a private library comprising around 3,200 books and almost 10,000 maps, which after his death was bought by the Boston businessman Israel Thorndyke at the suggestion of his son, who was studying in Göttingen and was donated to Harvard College .

In America, interest in Ebeling is far greater than in Germany, as the editions of letters published by William Coolidge Lane show. An overall scientific presentation of Ebeling's life and work is still pending, although it has already been requested several times.

The father Johann Just Ebeling (1715–1783) worked as pastor in Hildesheim and as superintendent in Lüneburg . Johann Dietrich Philipp Christian Ebeling (1753–1795) was a younger brother. He was a land physician in Parchim.

In Hamburg, in the area of ​​the Ohlsdorf Althamburg Memorial Cemetery, there is a collective grave ("Professors at the Gymnasium Academicum") in honor of Christoph Daniel Ebeling and others.

Fonts (selection)

Editorships

  • (together with Johann Georg Büsch ): Handelsbibliothek , Hamburg, 3 volumes: 1.1784 - 3.1797, available online via the document server of the Bielefeld University Library, in it by Ebeling: Notes on the trade of the United States in North America, by John Lord Sheffield (London 1784) , transl. v. CD Ebeling , in Volume 1, Piece 3, pp. 469–505 and Piece 4, pp. 521–651 , as well as News from the North American National Bank , in Volume 2, Piece 1, pp. 137–170 .
  • with Peter Heinrich Christoph Brodhagen: Gottfried Christian Bohns well-experienced businessman , from Gottfried Christian Bohn, Hamburg, 1789, ( online ).
  • American Library , Items 1–4, Leipzig 1777–1778.
  • (together with Dietrich Hermann Hegewisch ): American magazine, or authentic contributions to the description of the earth, political science and history of America, but especially of the United States , Hamburg 1795–1797.
  • Handel's oratorio 'Der Messias', in keyboard excerpts by CFG Schwencke, with German texts by Klopstock and Ebeling , Hamburg 1809

As translator

  • Travels through the Middle Colonies of the English in North America, along with comments on the condition of the colonies. By M. Andreas Burnaby… Translated from English, with comments and additions by Christoph Daniel Ebeling . Bohn, Hamburg and Kiel 1776 ( online . Original title: Andrew Burnaby: Travels through the middle Settlements in North-America . London 1775).
  • Carl Burney's der Musik Doctors diary of a musical journey through France and Italy , Hamburg 1772 (original title: Charles Burney: The present state of music in France and Italy . London 1771).

Standalone fonts

  • Earth description and history of America. The United States of North America , 7 volumes, Hamburg 1793-1816 [Volume 1 New Hampshire, Massachusetts (1793); Volume 2 Rhode Island, Connecticut, Vermont, New York (1794); Volume 3 New York, New Jersey (1796); Volumes 4 and 6 Pennsylvania (1797, 1803); Volume 5 Delaware, Maryland (1799); Volume 7 Virginia (1816)].

literature

Printed sources

  • Glimpses of European Conditions from the Ebeling Letters 1795-1817 , ed. by William Coolidge Lane, in: Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society 59 (1926), pp. 324-376.
  • The Letters of Christoph Daniel Ebeling to Rev. Dr. William Bentley of Salem, Mass., And to other American Correspondents , ed. by William Coolidge Lane, in Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society 35 (1925), pp. 272-459.

Representations

  • Daniel Kamprath, The library work of Christoph Daniel Ebeling in Hamburg under French occupation from 1806 to 1814: A historical source analysis . (Bachelor thesis), Hamburg, August 26, 2010, Hochschule f. Applied Sciences, Hamburg, ( pdf (5,304.57 KB))
  • Jürgen Overhoff : Christoph Daniel Ebeling (1741-1817). Research report on an educator, Americanist, pedagogue, publicist, music critic and librarian who was important far beyond Hamburg. In: Mitteilungen des Hamburger Arbeitskreis für Regionalgeschichte 43 (2004), pp. 69–82 (contains information on further literature and a list of Ebeling's printed and unprinted writings).
  • Jürgen Overhoff: A man of letters as a teacher at the Hamburg Academy of Action. The political economy of Christoph Daniel Ebeling . In: The Eighteenth Century . Volume 32, 2008, pp. 255-271.
  • Gordon McNett Stewart: Christoph Daniel Ebeling, Hamburg educator and literary critic, and his letters to Charles Burney , in: Journal of the Association for Hamburg History 61 (1975), pp. 33–58.
  • Werner Kayser:  Ebeling, Christoph Daniel. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1959, ISBN 3-428-00185-0 , p. 219 f. ( Digitized version ).

Library

  • Friedrich Lorenz Hoffmann , Hamburg bibliophiles, bibliographical and literary historians: IX. Christoph Daniel Ebeling , Serapeum . Vol. 16, TO Weigel, Leipzig, 1855, p. 326 ff., ( Online DigiZeitschriften).

Portraits

  • Siegfried Detlev Bendixen around 1818, inscribed : Bendixen fecit./Hamb. Lithograph. , Lithograph, printed by the Hamburg stone printing company Speckter & Herterich, 53 × 43 cm.
  • Christoph Heinrich Kniep , Daniel Beyel (1760–1823) around 1800, inscribed : CH Kniep del./D. Beyel sc. , 18 × 12 cm, copper engraving.

Web links

Commons : Christoph Daniel Ebeling  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Christoph Daniel Ebeling  - Sources and full texts

Remarks

  1. ↑ Home address 1817 Ebeling, Chr. Dan., Professor, Königsstr. No 233. in: Hamburg address book at the Hamburg State Library
  2. ^ Hanno Beck: Alexander von Humboldt . 1: From educational trip to research trip: 1769 - 1804. Steiner, Wiesbaden 1959, p. 32-33, 86 .
  3. ↑ Dr. Robert Naumann (Ed.) Dr. Friedrich Lorenz Hoffmann , Bibliography and Libraries in the United States of North America . Serapeum, Vol. 7, TO Weigel, Leipzig, 1846, p. 147, ( online DigiZeitschriften)
  4. ^ Ebeling (Johann Just). In: Friedrich Raßmann: literary concise dictionary of the deceased German poets ... , Wilhelm Lauffer, Leipzig 1826, p. 247, ( digitizedhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.de%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DerBfAAAAcAAJ%26pg%3DRA4-PA248-IA1%26dq%3Dfalse%23v%3Donepage~%26q%26f .3Dfalepage~%26q%26f .3Dfalse GB% 3D ~ IA% 3D ~ MDZ% 3D% 0A ~ SZ% 3D ~ double-sided% 3D ~ LT% 3D ~ PUR% 3D ).
  5. ^ Collection (Hamburgensien: Portraits) of the State and University Library Hamburg, call number P 21: E 4, ( online ).
  6. ^ Collection (Hamburgensien: Portraits) of the State and University Library Hamburg, call number P 21: E 2, ( online ).
personal data
SURNAME Ebeling, Christoph Daniel
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Hamburg educator, Americanist, teacher, music critic and librarian
DATE OF BIRTH November 20, 1741
PLACE OF BIRTH Garmissen near Hildesheim
DATE OF DEATH June 30, 1817
Place of death Hamburg