Coccothrinax
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Coccothrinax is a genus of palm trees nativeto the Caribbean .
features
The representatives are small to medium-sized, single or multi-stemmed, hermaphrodite fan palms . The trunk is slender and initially covered with the fibrous leaf sheaths, later by a fibrous network or with long slender fibers or spines. The leaves are fan-shaped, ascending to protruding and folded induplicate (V-shaped).
The inflorescence is shorter than the leaves, slender and twofold branched. The peduncle is short and slender, on it are a bract and several bracts . The flowers are single. The perianth is uniform and six-toothed. The gynoeceum consists of a carpel with a single ovule . There are usually 9 (rarely 6 to 13) stamens .
The fruit is brown, pink, red or black, rarely white. The exocarp is smooth or rough, the mesocarp is thin or somewhat fleshy with fibers inside. The endocarp is membranous. The seed is deeply furrowed, but not bilobed.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 36.
Distribution and locations
Coccothrinax occurs from Florida south to Colombia. The main focus of distribution is on the West Indies . It reaches the highest diversity in Cuba with about 37 species. The genus is mainly found in open, dry locations, usually on limestone , serpentine or sandstone .
Systematics
The genus Coccothrinax coffin. is placed within the family Arecaceae in the subfamily Coryphoideae , Tribe Cryosophileae . The genus name Coccothrinax was not explained by the first author, but is likely to be derived from coccus = berry and the genus name Thrinax .
The genus is monophyletic .
The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew's World Checklist of Selected Plant Families recognizes the following species:
- Coccothrinax acuminata Becc. : It occurs in western Cuba.
- Coccothrinax acunana León : It only occurs at Pico Turquino in eastern Cuba.
- Coccothrinax alexandri León : It only occurs in eastern Cuba. With two subspecies.
- Coccothrinax alta (OFCook) Becc. : It occurs from Puerto Rico to the Virgin Islands .
- Coccothrinax argentata (Jacq.) LHBaailey : It occurs from southern Florida and the Bahamas and Turks and Caicos Islands to southeastern Mexico and Colombia.
- Coccothrinax argentea (Lodd. Ex Schult. & Schult.f.) Coffin. ex Becc. ( Cana palm); it occurs only in Hispaniola.
- Coccothrinax baracoensis Borhidi & O.Muñiz : It only occurs in southeastern Cuba.
- Coccothrinax barbadensis (Lodd. Ex Mart.) Becc. : It occurs from the Lesser Antilles to Venezuela.
- Coccothrinax bermudezii León : It occurs only in southeastern Cuba.
- Coccothrinax borhidiana O.Muñiz : It occurs only in the Matanzas province in northern Cuba.
- Coccothrinax boschiana M.M. Mejía & R.García : It occurs only in the Dominican Republic.
- Coccothrinax camagueyana Borhidi & O.Muñiz : It only occurs in Cuba.
- Coccothrinax clarensis León : It only occurs in two subspecies in eastern Cuba.
- Coccothrinax concolor Burret : It is only found in Haiti.
- Coccothrinax crinita (Griseb. & H. Wendl. Ex CHWright) Becc. : It occurs in two subspecies in Cuba.
- Coccothrinax cupularis (León) O. Muñiz & Borhidi : It occurs only in southern Cuba.
- Coccothrinax ekmanii Burret : It is only found in the Dominican Republic.
- Coccothrinax elegans O. Muñiz & Borhidi : It only occurs in Cuba.
- Coccothrinax fagildei Borhidi & O.Muñiz : It only occurs in Cuba.
- Coccothrinax fragrans Burret : It occurs from eastern Cuba to Hispaniola.
- Coccothrinax garciana León : It occurs only in the province of Holguín in eastern Cuba.
- Coccothrinax gracilis Burret : It is only found on Hispaniola.
- Coccothrinax guantanamensis (León) O. Muñiz & Borhidi : It occurs only in eastern Cuba.
- Coccothrinax gundlachii León : It occurs only in eastern and central Cuba.
- Coccothrinax hioramii León : It occurs only in eastern Cuba.
- Coccothrinax inaguensis Read : It occurs in the Bahamas and the Turks and Caicos Islands .
- Coccothrinax jamaicensis Read : It is only found in Jamaica.
- Coccothrinax jimenezii M.M. Mejía & RGGarcía : It occurs in Hispaniola.
- Coccothrinax leonis O.Muñiz & Borhidi : The home is Cuba.
- Coccothrinax litoralis León : The home is Cuba.
- Coccothrinax macroglossa (León) O.Muñiz & Borhidi : The homeland is eastern Cuba.
- Coccothrinax microphylla Borhidi & O.Muñiz : The home is eastern Cuba.
- Coccothrinax miraguama (Kunth) Becc. : The home is Cuba; here it occurs in four subspecies.
- Coccothrinax moaensis (Borhidi & O.Muñiz) O.Muñiz : The home is eastern Cuba.
- Coccothrinax montana Burret : The home is Hispaniola.
- Coccothrinax munizii Borhidi : The homeland is eastern Cuba.
- Coccothrinax muricata León : The home is Cuba.
- Coccothrinax nipensis Borhidi & O.Muñiz : The home is eastern Cuba.
- Coccothrinax orientalis (León) O.Muñiz & Borhidi : The homeland is eastern Cuba.
- Coccothrinax pauciramosa Burret (Syn .: Coccothrinax savannarum (León) Borhidi & O.Muñiz ): The homeland is eastern Cuba.
- Coccothrinax proctorii Read : The home is the Cayman Islands .
- Coccothrinax pseudorigida León : It is native to eastern and central Cuba.
- Coccothrinax pumila Borhidi & JAHern. : The home is Cuba.
- Coccothrinax readii H.J.Quero : The range extends from southeastern Mexico to the northeastern Belize .
- Coccothrinax rigida (Griseb. & H. Wendl.) Becc. : The home is eastern Cuba.
- Coccothrinax salvatoris León : The home is Cuba, where it occurs in two subspecies.
- Coccothrinax saxicola León : The home is eastern Cuba.
- Coccothrinax scoparia Becc. : The home is Hispaniola.
- Coccothrinax spissa L.H.Bailey : The home is Hispaniola.
- Coccothrinax torrida Morici & Verdecia : The home is Cuba.
- Coccothrinax trinitensis Borhidi & O.Muñiz : The homeland is eastern and central Cuba.
- Coccothrinax victorinii León : The home is eastern Cuba.
- Coccothrinax yunquensis Borhidi & O.Muñiz : The home is southern Cuba.
- Coccothrinax yuraguana (A. Rich.) León : The home is western Cuba.
supporting documents
- John Dransfield, Natalie W. Uhl, Conny B. Asmussen, William J. Baker, Madeline M. Harley, Carl E. Lewis: Genera Palmarum. The Evolution and Classification of Palms . Second edition, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew 2008, ISBN 978-1-84246-182-2 , pp. 226ff.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Julissa Roncal, Scott Zona, Carl E. Lewis: Molecular Phylogenetic Studies of Caribbean Palms (Arecaceae) and Their Relationships to Biogeography and Conservation . Botanical Review, Volume 74, 2008, pp. 78-102. doi : 10.1007 / s12229-008-9005-9
- ↑ a b Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Coccothrinax. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved August 2, 2018.
Web links
- Coccothrinax on the Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden website