Decane

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Structural formula
Structure of n-decane
General
Surname Decane
other names
  • n -decane
  • dean
  • n -Decan
Molecular formula C 10 H 22
Brief description

colorless liquid with a characteristic odor

External identifiers / databases
CAS number 124-18-5
EC number 204-686-4
ECHA InfoCard 100.004.262
PubChem 15600
Wikidata Q150717
properties
Molar mass 142.29 g mol −1
Physical state

liquid

density

0.73 g cm −3

Melting point

−30 ° C

boiling point

174 ° C

Vapor pressure
  • 1.66 h Pa (20 ° C)
  • 3.17 hPa (30 ° C)
  • 5.78 hPa (40 ° C)
  • 10.1 hPa (50 ° C)
solubility
  • almost insoluble in water
  • soluble in many organic solvents
Refractive index

1.4090 (25 ° C)

safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances
02 - Highly / extremely flammable 08 - Dangerous to health

danger

H and P phrases H: 226-304
EUH: 066
P: 210-301 + 330 + 331
MAK

2000 mg m −3

As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Refractive index: Na-D line , 20 ° C

Decane (also n -decane , sometimes also dean ) is a colorless liquid . It is an organic chemical compound from the group of higher alkanes , more precisely the decanes . Decane is the unbranched representative from the group of decanes, which consists of 75 constitutional isomers .

properties

Physical Properties

Decane is a colorless liquid that boils at 174 ° C under normal pressure . The vapor pressure function results according to Antoine according to log 10 (P) = A− (B / (T + C)) (P in bar, T in K) with A = 0.21021, B = 440.616 and C = −156.896 in the temperature range from 243.49 to 310.59 K and with A = 4.07857, B = 1501.268 and C = −78.67 in the temperature range from 367.63 to 448.27 K.

In water decane insoluble ( hydrophobic ). The surface tension is 0.0238 N · m −1 .

Safety-related parameters

Decane forms flammable vapor-air mixtures above the flash point temperature. The compound has a flash point of 46 ° C. The explosion range lies between 0.7% by volume (41 g / m 3 ) as the lower explosion limit (LEL) and 5.4% by volume (320 g / m 3 ) as the upper explosion limit (UEL). According to the vapor pressure function, there is a lower explosion point of 43 ° C and an upper explosion point of 105 ° C. The maximum explosion pressure is 8.4 bar. The limit gap width was determined to be 0.85 mm. This results in an assignment to explosion group IIA. The ignition temperature is 200 ° C. The substance therefore falls into temperature class T4.

hazards

Decan degreases and reddens the skin , the liquid causes pain and reddening in the eyes .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Entry on Decane in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on April 16, 2018(JavaScript required) .
  2. ↑ a b c Entry on alkanes. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed December 30, 2014.
  3. ↑ David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 90th edition. (Internet version: 2010), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Physical Constants of Organic Compounds, pp. 3-134.
  4. ↑ Carruth, GF; Kobayashi, R .: Vapor pressure of normal paraffins ethane through n-decane from their triple points to about 10 mm mercury in J. Chem. Eng. Data 18 (1973) 115-126, doi : 10.1021 / je60057a009 .
  5. ↑ Williamham, CB; Taylor, WJ; Pignocco, JM; Rossini, FD: Vapor Pressures and Boiling Points of Some Paraffin, Alkylcyclopentane, Alkylcyclohexane, and Alkylbenzene Hydrocarbons in J. Res. Natl. Bur. Stand. (US) 35 (1945) 219-244, doi : 10.6028 / jres.035.009 .
  6. ^ Website of the Krüss company ; Retrieved October 8, 2009.
  7. ^ A b c d E. Brandes, W. Möller: Safety-related parameters - Volume 1: Flammable liquids and gases , Wirtschaftsverlag NW - Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH, Bremerhaven 2003.

Web links

Commons : Decan  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wiktionary: Decan  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations