Desomorphine

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Structural formula
Structural formula of desomorphine
General
Non-proprietary name Desomorphine
other names
  • 4,5-α-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3-ol ( IUPAC )
  • Dihydrodeoxymorphine
  • Permonid
  • Desomorphinum ( Latin )
Molecular formula C 17 H 21 NO 2
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 427-00-9
EC number 207-045-7
ECHA InfoCard 100.006.406
PubChem 5362456
ChemSpider 4515044
DrugBank DB01531
Wikidata Q422163
Drug information
Drug class

Opioid - analgesic

properties
Molar mass 271.35 g mol −1
Physical state

firmly

Melting point

189 ° C (anhydrous)

safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances
07 - Warning

Caution

H and P phrases H: 302
P: 264-301-312
Toxicological data
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Desomorphine , in the drug scene and crocodile or short Krok called, is a highly potent opioid , which in the first time in 1932 the United States was synthesized. Desomorphine heard in Germany and Austria due to a high dependency potential to non- marketable drugs.

Use as an illegal drug

As a “poor man's drug”, crocodile is widely used in Russia. The drug first appeared in Phoenix , United States, in September 2013, and in October, the drug appeared in the Chicago area . A clinic in Joliet , Illinois treated three crocodile users in October 2013.

Illegal production using codeine , iodine and red phosphorus in a process similar to that used to produce methamphetamine based on pseudoephedrine makes the end product impure and rich in highly toxic by-products. When injected, these by-products cause serious tissue damage, phlebitis and necrosis to gangrene or organ failure. Irreversible damage (neurological changes, kidney damage, vascular damage) can already occur with the first use. According to the anti-drug initiative City Without Drugs in Yekaterinburg , Krok is so aggressively toxic that the average survival time of users after starting regular intravenous use is just one year. The drug is called crocodile in Russia because the skin at the injection site is often greenish, reminiscent of crocodile skin.

Analytics

The reliable qualitative and quantitative determination of desomorphine in biological material succeeds after adequate sample preparation by coupling the high performance liquid chromatography with the mass spectrometry (LC-MS / MS).

Trade names

  • Permonid (Switzerland; manufactured by Roche until a few decades ago )

literature

  • E. Hackenthal: Desomorphin. In: Hager's Handbook of Pharmaceutical Practice. Volume 4, 5th edition. Berlin 1998, limited preview in the Google book search.

Web links

Wiktionary: Desomorphin  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Royal Pharmaceutical Society (Ed.): Clarke's Analysis of Drugs and Poisons . 4th edition. Pharmaceutical Press, London / Chicago 2011, ISBN 978-0-85369-711-4 .
  2. ↑ a b c d Entry on Desomophine at Toronto Research Chemicals , accessed on December 27, 2019 ( PDF ).
  3. ↑ Patent US1980972 : Morphine Derivative and Processes'. Published July 19, 1934 , inventor: Lyndon Frederick Small. ‌
  4. ↑ Annex I (to Section 1, Paragraph 1), list of narcotics that are not marketable , published in the Federal Law Gazette I 2001, 1180–1186 of the Federal Ministry of Justice (D).
  5. ↑ BGBl. II No. 374/1997 (PDF), Appendix I, p. 13.
  6. ↑ Desomorphine. Background ( Memento from February 13, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), Russian information and news agency NOVOSTI from June 4, 2011.
  7. ↑ The drug apocalypse in Russia. blogs.taz.de from January 4, 2011.
  8. ↑ Video Auslandsjournal: Russia's Youth in Cold Withdrawal (June 22, 2011)  in the ZDFmediathek , accessed on June 24, 2011. (offline)
  9. ↑ Crocodile: The drug that eats junkies. In: The Independent . June 22, 2011 (English).
  10. ↑ New cheap drug "Crocodile": The substance that makes junkies rot. In: Spiegel Online . July 9, 2011.
  11. ^ Sy Mukherjee: Flesh-Rotting Drug Makes Its Way To The US For The First Time, Health Officials Are 'Frightened'. from: thinkprogress.org , September 26, 2013, accessed October 13, 2013.
  12. ↑ Mike Parker: Flesh-Eating Street Drug 'Crocodile' Hits Chicago Area. from: chicago.cbslocal.com , October 9, 2013, accessed October 13, 2013.
  13. ^ Rex Robinson: Three being treated at area hospital after taking flesh-eating drug. from: thetimesweekly.com , October 8, 2013, accessed October 13, 2013.
  14. ↑ K. Karthikeyan, MY Mahat, S. Chandrasekaran, K. Gopal, PX Franklin, BJ Sivakumar, G. Singh, S. Narayanan, B. Gopalan, AA Khan: Bioanalytical method development, validation and quantification of dorsomorphin in rat plasma by LC-MS / MS. In: Biomed Chromatogr . 27, 2013, pp. 1018-1026. PMID 23526253 .
  15. ↑ Entry on desomorphine in Pharmawiki , accessed on January 28, 2017.