German Football and Cricket Association
The German Football and Cricket Association (DFuCB) was a football association at the time of the German Empire with its headquarters in Berlin . It was founded in 1891 by English people living in Berlin and existed until 1902. Both football and cricket clubs could join the association as a member . In addition to the Berlin associations, guests from Braunschweig , Leipzig , Hanover , Grünberg (Silesia) and Nieder-Schönweide , which was still independent at the time, took part in the founding meeting.
history
founding
The DFuCB was on 17./18. Founded May 1891 (registered on November 19, 1891) in Berlin as the second German football association after the Association of German Football Players (BDF). It was founded as an alternative to the BDF, which, at the instigation of BFC Germania 1888, did not allow foreign (especially British) players and officials and also wanted to adapt football to the German mentality. The first president was John Bloch, chairman of the English Football Club and from 1892 to 1900 publisher and editor-in-chief of the weekly magazine Spiel und Sport (was officially named as an official organ until 1897).
In addition to the "rebels" who did not join the BDF at its founding meeting in protest against the restrictions and xenophobia, a number of other interested clubs were added until the DFuCB was founded. The new association included the English Football Club, BFC Frankfurt 1885 , BFC Stern 1889 , BTuFC Columbia 1891, Berlin Cricket Club 1883 and Cricket Club Excelsior as members. This was followed by other associations such as BFC Concordia 1890, BTuFC Allemania 1890 , BTuFC Viktoria 1889 , Nieder-Schönweider Cricket Club and BFC Teutonia 1891. Concordia and Teutonia were previously members of the BDF and changed associations in 1891. The English Football Club recruited its members from the Berlin Cricket Club. Both associations were founded by British people living in Berlin.
In addition to soccer and cricket, athletics were also practiced in the first few years . At the inaugural meeting, a football match arranged by the national clubs took place on May 17th in the afternoon, and a cricket match between Grünberg and Nieder-Schönweide on May 18th in the morning. Both games were played on the Tempelhofer Feld . At the time, most of the clubs played on the Tempelhofer Feld (later location of the Berlin-Tempelhof airport ) and on the parade ground to the lonely poplar in Bernauer Strasse (today's location of the Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Sportpark ) - this gave practically no home advantage , which was also reflected in the results.
The following federal executive was elected at the first Bundestag:
- John Bloch (English FC) - Chairman
- Ferdinand Wilhelm Fricke (DFV Hannover 1878) - Deputy
- Bruno Grenzebach (BFC Frankfurt 1885) - 1st secretary
- R. Wiegand (BTuFC Columbia 1891) - 2nd Secretary
- A. Kruse (Berlin Cricket Club 1883) - Treasurer
- P. Heyne (BFC Stern 1889) - assessor
- A. France (CC Nieder-Schönweide) - assessor
Other members in the early days were the BTuFC from 1890, BTuFC Germany, BFC Germania 1888, SC Norden-Union Berlin (formerly BFC Norden 1891), BFC Nordstern 1891, BTuFC Normannia, BFC Phönix 1893 , BFC Tasmania 1890 , Verein Sport Berlin and BFC Vorwärts 1890 (forerunner of the later Bundesliga club Blau-Weiß 90 Berlin). Germania's application for admission to the DFuCB was rejected on March 9, 1892 and only approved on June 5, 1892, after the end of the first season. In April 1892 the DFV Hannover 78 joined, on October 2, 1893 the FC Hanau 93 and 1896 the Dresden English Football Club . The exact start date of FC Lipsia Leipzig is not known.
The early years
With the British it was common to play cricket (German: Thorball) in the summer months and football in the rest of the time. This classification was initially adopted by the DFuCB. A championship was played for the first time in the 1891/1892 season. Eight clubs participated in the first class, seven more clubs in the second class . As there was a tie between English FC and BTuFC Viktoria at the end of the season, a playoff was played in October. English FC won this game and became the first champion.
Another decisive game took place between the masters of the two existing associations, the BDF 1891 and the DFuCB, which BFC Germania won 3-1 against English FC. The championship in cricket was also only decided in a playoff, the Berlin CC beat the BTuFC Viktoria. At the Federal Assembly in 1892, both the English FC and the national selection lost to the Dresden English Football Club, in a later game against the SpVgg in ATV Leipzig, the national selection remained successful.
In the 1892/93 season eleven clubs took part in the championship, which was played in one class and the BTuFC Viktoria finished tied as champions before the BFC Germania. The federal board then planned to have a playoff between the Berlin champions BTuFC Viktoria and DFV Hannover 78. Since he played rugby more and more in the last few months , Hanover decided not to play. On February 26, 1893, goal nets were used for the first time in the game English FC against BFC Allemania. In cricket, the Berlin CC was champion for the second time.
From 1893 the tensions known from the time of the BDF first appeared. The clubs BFC Germania and BFC Frankfurt tried to stir up anti-Semitic statements against chairman John Bloch and English FC. On March 7, 1894, the English FC resigned from the DFuCB due to the increasing anti-English attitude in some clubs in the increasingly nationalistic German Empire . At the same time, Bloch withdrew as federal chairman.
“The English Football Club, Berlin, hereby informs the general public that according to the resolution of its last meeting on 7th of December Mts. has resigned from the German Football and Cricket Association. The Comité, IA: R. Kayser "
Some members then switched to the Berlin Cricket Club. On January 22, 1894, the BFC Frankfurt had already left the association, but was still allowed to take part in the association meetings as a guest before it was finally excluded on May 13, 1894 (the association is a co-founder of the General German Sports Association that was established in November 1894 ). The reason for this was that the request for a replay because of a mistake by the referee was rejected by the board. The first class 1893/94 started with six clubs, two of which resigned during the season. The champion was the BTuFC Viktoria for the second time, again before the BFC Germania.
In the second class , the question of the championship was not decided until the ordinary Bundestag after the end of the season. In the summer, the BFC Phoenix resigned from the association. At the same time, functionaries and supporters of football withdrew from the young association, the association meetings were only attended by a few representatives of the member clubs, so that new board positions were constantly being filled. The Berlin CC won the cricket championship for the third time in a row this year.
At the peak
The association had planned two more games for the national championship in Berlin, in which the winner of the Berlin championship would play against the clubs DFV Hannover 78 and FC Hanau 93. Hanover immediately declared its waiver. At the federal assembly on April 30, 1894, FC Hanau announced in writing that it would leave the board of directors to determine the competition against Viktoria, combined with the request that this take place in Hanau. The federal board then decided that the game would not be played. After that, Hanau announced that it would insist on this game. As a result, the federal board gave up its decision and started the game on the first Whitsun holiday in Berlin. Hanau later announced that it was not doing this for economic reasons.
In 1894, the cooperation with the Baden-Baden-based South German Football Union (SDFU) was strengthened. The board members Bruno Grenzebach and Georg Leux also joined the board of the SDFU. At the turn of the year 1894/1895, the national team, consisting of 12 players and several companions, undertook a tour to southern Germany for the first time and played four games there (against Hanau 14: 0, Karlsruhe 5: 1 and 6: 0, Frankfurt 9: 0). The playing clothes were donated by the sporting goods company Steidel . The players from Viktoria were missing, however, as a private game in Dresden had already been agreed at that time. The planned connection of the southern Germans ultimately did not materialize due to excessive demands on the part of the Berliners.
In the 1894/95 championship , seven clubs each played in the first and second class. The BTuFC Viktoria became champion for the third time in a row, this time ahead of the BTuFC Allemania. There are no results for this year's cricket championship. After the DFuCB was briefly the only football association in Berlin due to the dissolution of the BDF, there was again competition this season with the Thor and Football Association Berlin . However, this association only existed for one year. But as early as 1896, the General German Sports Association also held its own championship, which was then discontinued after two years.
The 1895/96 season ended with the fourth championship title for the BTuFC Viktoria, followed by the BFC Germania. This year eight clubs each played in the first and second class, with BFC Hertha (now Hertha BSC) making it to the first class. In the summer, BTuFC Viktoria also won the cricket championship. The association planned to send a German soccer team to the Athens Olympic Games in 1896 . Paul Laube from BTuFC Viktoria was already named captain of the team . In the end, however, participation did not take place due to the lack of advances.
In the 1896/97 season, eight clubs played in the first class. BTuFC Viktoria became champion for the fifth time, BFC Germania was runner-up for the fourth time in five years. Only two clubs have survived from the second grade. New this year were the relegation games after the end of the season. The last two clubs in the first class played a winner together with the two best-placed clubs in the second class. Before his first relegation game on May 23, 1897, however, the BFC star resigned from the association. In the final, BTuFC Tuscany then defeated BFC Hertha and was promoted to first class. Since this was expanded to ten clubs, both clubs played first class in the end. As in the previous year, the BTuFC Viktoria was again cricket champion.
The decline
After the first association in southern Germany had failed, a group of clubs tried again in 1897 to join the DFuCB. He wanted to let the southern German clubs play the championship including the Gaupokal in their own Gau. But the Berliners put off the negotiations too long and the southern Germans have now founded their own association, the Association of South German Football Associations .
From the 1897/98 season onwards , the DFuCB was only able to organize its championship in one division due to the lack of member clubs. Before the start of the season, the BFC Germania announced its departure. The reason for this was the growing dissatisfaction with the association management, players from national clubs were forbidden to participate in an athletics meeting of the Sport-Excelsior club in August . The same applied to a meeting organized by Games and Sports in September . In the summer, many players played either cricket or athletics.
The championship started with only ten clubs. The BTuFC Allemania left the association by the end of the year. This hosted its own round of points as the “ Championship of the North ”, which means the north of Berlin, but later returned to the DFuCB. The BFC Germania, however, tried to establish a national championship for the first time.
" Notice. The undersigned club hereby founds the football championship of Germany (open to all clubs) and reserves the right to assign the same to an association or association. Transfer committee to tender. BFC "Germania", Boehm. Demmler. Groenberg. Pipe."
On January 20, 1898, the five-time winner BTuFC Viktoria resigned from the DFuCB. This exit triggered a veritable avalanche and other clubs followed: BTuFC Tuscany, BCuFC Eintracht 1891, BTuFC Union 1892 , BTuFC Germany, BTuFC Normannia and BFC Tasmania 1890 . The reason for this was the use of a suspended player on the part of the BFC Forward.
“A player who is on the so-called black list of the federal government took part in the matches of the Berlin soccer club Vorwärts [...] The black list is a directory of federal members who have not fulfilled their obligations towards their club or the federal government and have left are excluded from participating in the national competitions for this reason. "
In addition, the quality of the participating clubs was getting worse and worse, only the BFC Vorwärts was one of the "better" clubs at this time, which is also considered the champion of the year 1898. As a new competition from 1897 the championship of the Association of German Ball Game Clubs and from 1901 that of the Free Berlin Football Association emerged . The 1898/99 season was played with only five clubs and the BFC Vorwärts became champions for the second time. In 1899/1900 and 1900/01 nine clubs played again for the championship, which the BFC Vorwärts won for the third and fourth time. In October 1900 BFC Hertha resigned and joined the Association of German Ball Game Clubs.
At the founding meeting of the German Football Association on January 28, 1900 in Leipzig , the DFuCB, represented by the functionary Müller , joined the new association immediately. However, due to non-payment of the contributions, membership of the DFB Bundestag was canceled again in October 1901.
In 1901/02 seven clubs originally took part in the league game, but at the beginning of December 1901 three clubs were temporarily excluded and their championship games that had been played to date were declared invalid. Among them was the four-time winner BFC Vorwärts, who then joined the Free Berlin Football Association. As a result, the DFuCB also lost its last big club. After eleven seasons, the end of the German Football and Cricket Association had come. After the two final games for the championship, in which the Berlin FC 1893 prevailed, the association was dissolved on May 25, 1902.
Competitions
Soccer
For winning the championship, the victorious club received a silver trophy with a football player on top. In the first year, the purchase was not made due to insufficient financial possibilities.
| society | title | year | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
BTuFC Viktoria 1889 | 5 | 1893, 1894, 1895, 1896, 1897 |
|
BFC Forward 1890 | 4th | 1898, 1899, 1900, 1901 |
| English FC 1890 Berlin | 1 | 1892 | |
| Berlin FC 1893 | 1 | 1902 |
Cricket
Only a few clubs took part in the championship in cricket, regardless of which division they belonged to in football. The game was played during the summer break between the football season. It is uncertain whether further championships were held in the years from 1898 onwards.
| society | title | year | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Berlin CC 1883 | 3 | 1892, 1893, 1894 | |
|
|
BTuFC Viktoria 1889 | 2 | 1896, 1897 |
athletics
On August 23, 1891, the II. International Athletic Sports for Amateurs took place under the protectorate of the German Football and Cricket Federation. The following winners were determined in 14 disciplines:
- Race for Juniors / 100 Yards - G. Joel (Berlin)
- Race for Juniors / 220 Yards - W. Frietze (BFC Germania 1888)
- Race for Seniors / 100 Yards - A. Hyman (Berliner CC 1883)
- Race for Seniors / 220 Yards - A. Hyman (Berliner CC 1883)
- Race / ¼ English mile - E. Maurer (BFC Germania 1888)
- Running / ½ English Mile - J. Swait (AC Paers, London)
- Running / 1 English Mile - J. Swait (AC Paers, London)
- High jump without running-up - A. Hyman (Berliner CC 1883)
- High jump with run-up - K. Maly (AC Praha, Prague)
- Long jump without run-up - A. Hyman (Berliner CC 1883)
- Long jump with run-up - H. Below (Berliner Turnerschaft)
- Three-legged running / 100 yards - O. Nathan & M. Joel (Berliner CC 1883)
- Running with egg collecting / 1100 yards - E. Maurer (BFC Germania 1888)
- Hurdles run / 120 yards - H. Weingärtner (Berlin Gymnastics Association)
In the summer of 1896 a separate meeting for athletic sports was held. The challenge prize for the ½ English mile donated by the Sport Berlin association was only open to members of the DFuCB. Well-known winners were the Berlin CC in 1892 and the Sport Berlin club in 1893.
National team
The national board selected the individual players and named the captain. The following games have been handed down:
- April 18, 1892 DFuCB - Dresden EFC 0: 3
DFuCB: Hoffmann II (BFC Frankfurt) - Rüffer (BTuFC Viktoria), Otto Baudach (BTuFC Viktoria), Schneider (BFC Frankfurt) - M. Sauer (BFC Frankfurt), Manning (English FC) - Dallmer (BFC Frankfurt), Bobe (BFC Forward), Herrmann Obst (BTuFC Viktoria), Franz Baudach (BTuFC Viktoria), W. Lehmann (Borussia).
- June 4, 1892 DFuCB - SpVgg in ATV Leipzig 3-0
- December 1894 Hanau - DFuCB 0:14
- December 1894 Karlsruhe - DFuCB 1: 5
- January 1, 1895 Karlsruhe - DFuCB 0: 6
- January 1, 1895 Frankfurt - DFuCB 0: 9
Organization and structure
The chairmen
The first federal chairman was John Bloch from Birmingham . He was chairman of the English Football Club Berlin, second chairman of the Berlin Cricket Club and on the board of the German Athletic Amateur Association (DAAV). After he took over the Deutsche Ballspiel-Zeitung (later Spiel und Sport ) in 1892 , he temporarily withdrew.
- John Bloch (English FC) 1891 - March 1894
- Knick (BFC Frankfurt) 1892
- C. Dietzel (BTuFC Germany) March 1894 - May 1894
- A. Paritschke (BFC Germania) May 1894 - November 1894
- R. Kayser (Berlin CC) November 1894 -?
... - C. Dietzel (BTuFC Germany) 1897
- R. Meissner (BFC Forward) 1898
Members
- 1892 - 14 associations with 360 members
- 1893 - 17 clubs with 563 members
- 1897 - 16 associations with around 700 members
referee
Every federal association was obliged to name at least one arbitrator. This was usually a player from the respective club. A referee was then appointed for each game by the federal board.
German football and cricket news
From 1897 the German football and cricket news were published and replaced games and sports as the official organ. There was an article here that was directed against athletics because, in the opinion of the association, it would displace football and cricket. This further increased dissatisfaction with the association's management. The later editions featured football, cricket, athletics and cycling.
literature
- 25 years of the German Football Association. Yearbook and Press Committee of the German Football Association, Industrie-Verlag und Druckerei AG, Düsseldorf, Festschrift 1925.
- History of German football. Volume III of the series of publications of the German Football Association. Carl Koppehel, Verlag Wilhelm Limpert, Frankfurt 1954, 4th expanded edition without a year.
Web links
- Spiel und Sport (Berlin), various editions born in 1893 & 1894, accessed on October 30, 2016 at sammlungen.ulb.uni-muenster.de .
- Sport im Bild (Berlin / Vienna), various editions from 1897 & 1898, accessed on October 26, 2016 at ANNO - Austrian National Library.
- Who will be the German champion of 1894? (tagesschau.de archive) - tagesschau.de, accessed on November 3, 2019.
References and comments
- ↑ Allgemeine Sport Zeitung (Vienna), June 14, 1891, page 626, accessed on ANNO - Austrian National Library.
- ^ The Berlin Championships (1892-1900) , Libero - German football magazine No. 5.IFFHS , Wiesbaden, April - June 1990, page 19.
- ↑ The year of foundation varies depending on the source: Werner 1885, IFFHS 1890. In an article in Spiel und Sport of May 12, 1894, 1891 is named as the year of foundation.
- ^ Hans-Peter Hock: The Dresden Football Club and the beginnings of football in Europe . Arete Verlag, Hildesheim 2016, page 42.
- ↑ 25 years of the German Football Association . Yearbook and Press Committee of the German Football Association, Industrie-Verlag und Druckerei AG, Düsseldorf, Festschrift 1925, page 112.
- ^ Hans-Peter Hock: The Dresden Football Club and the beginnings of football in Europe . Arete Verlag, Hildesheim 2016, page 52.
- ↑ Sport im Bild (Berlin / Vienna), October 22, 1897, page 714, accessed on ANNO - Austrian National Library.
- ^ Henry Werner: Football in Berlin: Players - Clubs - Emotions 1880 to today , Elsengold Verlag 2016, page 19, 167.
- ^ Hans-Peter Hock: The Dresden Football Club and the beginnings of football in Europe . Arete Verlag, Hildesheim 2016, page 47.
- ↑ In the summer of 2007 there was a symbolic new staging with a return leg, 113 years late. The first leg in Hanau ended 3-0 for Viktoria, the second leg in Berlin 1-1.