Dientzenhofer

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Dientzenhofer is the name of an Upper Bavarian master builder family from the Baroque period .

The builders

The master builder family Dientzenhofer consists of five brothers and two of their descendants:

Origin and departure

The Guggen-Hof near St. Margarethen (Brannenburg)
Memorial stone at the Guggen-Hof

The original home of the Dientzenhofer was the northern edge of the Alps in today's Rosenheim district . Georg Dientzenhofer ( Dinzenhofer ), the father of the master builder brothers , was born in 1614 on the “Gundelsberg” farm above today's Bad Feilnbach . After the death of his first wife, Anna Acher, he married Anna Barbara Thanner in 1642, who brought the father's farm in Oberulpoint near Litzldorf as a dowry into the marriage. The children Georg, Anna, Wolfgang and Abraham were born here.

In 1653, the Dientzenhofer couple exchanged their shady courtyard with the better situated one of their brother-in-law Georg Thanner, who is now called "Zum Gugg" and is located above St. Margarethen near Brannenburg in the Inn Valley . The children Christoph, Barbara, Leonhard and Johann were born on this farm. All children probably went to school in Flintsbach , where they learned the basics of reading, writing and arithmetic from the teacher at the time, Urban Lechner.

Since the parental farm could not support the large family, the children left their parents at a young age. It is not known whether they left their homeland one after the other or together.

Prague

Georg Dientzenhofer is recorded in Prague for 1677. At the wedding of his sister Anna to Wolfgang Leuthner, a relative of the famous builder Abraham Leuthner , in the St. Thomas Church on Prague's Lesser Quarter a year later , the brothers Georg, Wolfgang, Abraham, Christoph, Leonhard and the only fourteen-year-old were there Johann present. Since the witnesses (Wolfgang Erhard from Schliersee , aunt Katharina Dientzenhofer from Gundelsberg ) were also from Upper Bavaria, it can be assumed that the Baumeister brothers were not the first craftsmen who left their Upper Bavarian homeland in search of work. Anna Leuthner, who was soon widowed, married Alexander Hupfauer from Miesbach in Prague in 1683 , who later worked in Christoph Dientzenhofer's construction business.

meaning

The Dientzenhofer worked in the 17th and 18th centuries as bricklayers, master masons, stonemasons, foremen, builders, site managers, architects and building contractors on their own and other buildings in Bohemia , Franconia , Hesse , Silesia and in the Upper Palatinate . They are said to have created well over 250 buildings (churches, monasteries, castles, palaces, staircases, bridges, fountains, etc.) with which they significantly shaped the architecture of the early and high baroque. Their clients were mostly monasteries, prince-bishops and noble families. The social advancement associated with her success enabled her sons to attend the universities of Bamberg, Ingolstadt, Würzburg and Prague.

Sketchbook

The so-called Dientzenhof sketchbook from the former collection of the Bamberg drawing teacher and historian Martin Joseph von Reider (1793–1862) is now part of the inventory of the Bavarian National Museum in Munich. It is believed that it last belonged to Leonhard Dientzenhofer and was sold after his death. Since almost all of the paper used comes from Bohemian paper mills from around 1680, a reference to the Prague building companies of Carlo Lurago or Abraham Leuthner, where the Dientzenhofer brothers were employed, is assumed.

The sketchbook contains replicas of floor plans and drafts of executed and unexecuted church and secular buildings by Italian, Bavarian and Bohemian architects. The most common are the Roman baroque churches, but also ancient temples such as the Pantheon.

More Dientzenhofer

  • Wolfgang Dinzenhofer (1678–1747) from the Plankenhäusel in Au bei Aibling, who later became the town architect of Aibling , probably learned the mason trade from Wolfgang Dientzenhofer of the same name in Amberg, as he appears on the wage slips of the Salesians there. After his return he built several churches in Upper Bavaria ( Götting , Kirchdorf bei Nussdorf am Inn , Flintsbach am Inn, etc.).
  • Christoph Dinzenhofer (* 1681 in Pfraundorf ; † 1722 in Prague), a cousin of the master builder brothers , was also a master bricklayer.
  • Abraham Dintzenhofer is documented for 1631 in the Pressburg "books of the honorable craft of masons and stone masons".
  • Wenzel Dientzenhofer (1750–1805), a Bohemian Jesuit , legal scholar and historical researcher , was a son of Kilian Ignaz Dientzenhofer.

literature

  • Milada Vilímková, Johannes Brucker: Dientzenhofer. A Bavarian master builder family in the baroque era. Rosenheimer Verlagshaus, 1989, ISBN 3-475-52610-7
  • Hans Zimmer: The Dientzenhofer. A family of Bavarian builders in the Baroque era. Rosenheim 1976, ISBN 3-475-52149-0
  • Otto A. Weigmann: A Bamberg master builder family at the turn of the 17th century. A contribution to the history of the Dientzenhofer. Heitz, Strasbourg 1902. Digitized

Web links

Commons : Familie Dientzenhofer  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Milada Vilimkova, Johannes Brucker: Dientzenhofer. A Bavarian master builder family in the baroque era. P. 36