Dogali (ship, 1885)
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 The Dogali 1900 |
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| Overview | |
| Type | Protected cruiser |
| Shipyard |
Armstrong, Mitchell & Co , Elswick , BauNr. 482 |
| Keel laying | February 12, 1885 as a speculative building |
| Launch | December 12, 1885 as Salamis |
| delivery | February 16, 1887 as Angelo Emo |
| Namesake | Battle of Dogali in Eritrea |
| Commissioning | Sold to Uruguay as Dogali in 1908 on April 28, 1887 |
| Decommissioning | 1914 |
| Whereabouts | Canceled in 1930 |
| Technical specifications | |
| displacement |
2088 t, max. 2200 t |
| length |
76.2 m (250 ft) in the waterline |
| width |
11.3 m (37 ft) |
| Draft |
4.4 m (14.5 ft) |
| crew |
244 men |
| drive |
4 cylinder boilers |
| speed |
19.66 kts in the 4-hour test |
| Range |
4000 nm at 10 kn |
| Armament |
• 6 × 152 mm L / 40-rapid-fire gun |
| Coal supply |
430 t |
| Armored deck |
25–51 mm (1–2 in ) |
| Protective shields |
115 mm |
The Dogali was a small armored cruiser owned by the Italian Marina Regia at the end of the nineteenth century. Started as a speculative building by the Armstrong, Mitchell & Co shipyard in Elswick , it was to be sold to the Greek Navy under the name Salamis . However , the ship launched in December 1885 could not be paid for, so the shipyard had to find a buyer. The Regia Marina finally bought the cruiser in 1887 and named it Angelo Emo after the last Venetian Grand Admiral. With commissioning of the name was Dogali changed to the victims of the Battle of Dogali to commemorate. After being used in East Africa and around America, the Dogali was finally sold to Uruguay in 1908 , where it was initially called 24 de Agosto , then Montevideo . It was dismantled in 1914 and served as a training ship for a while before it was sold for demolition in 1930.
Building history
On February 13, 1885, the keel of the new building No. 482 was laid at the Armstrong, Mitchell & Co shipyard in Elswick. The relatively small cruiser designed by William Henry White received strong armor and armament as well as considerable speed. Greece bought the ship under construction in December 1885, which was mainly to be used in the Aegean Sea . When it on 28 January in 1886 by stacking ran, it was Salamis baptized. However, Greece struggled to finance the construction and canceled the contract in 1886. In July 1886, Turkey was suddenly considered the buyer.
Italy, which had acquired the second Elswick cruiser ever in 1885 with the slightly larger Giovanni Bausan , now profited from the situation and bought the ship designed for service in the Mediterranean for £ 156,000 in January 1887, which had already been tested with various propellers . It was taken over by the Regia Marina on February 16, 1887 under the name Angelo Emo in honor of Angelo Emo , the eighteenth century Venetian admiral. After the transfer to Italy and shortly before the formal commissioning on April 28, 1887, the name was changed again to Dogali .
description
The appearance of the relatively small cruiser was determined by two closely spaced, almost 15 m high chimneys. The two masts had Marsi , with Gatling Mitralleusen were equipped. Both masts were also still equipped for auxiliary sails, which were dismantled after 1890.
The armored deck was 25 mm (one inch ) and 51 mm (2 inches) thick in the bevels. The Dogali was the first warship to be propelled by triple expansion engines built by Hawthorn, Leslie & Co in Newcastle-upon-Tyne . In their acceptance tests, the agreed design performance of 5000 hp was exceeded. On their 6-hour drive, 7197 PSi were measured using a blower. The sustained speed achieved was 19.66 knots (kn). A top speed of 22.5 kn was reported in contemporary press reports. The coal reserve of 430 tons enabled a range of 4000 nautical miles with economical travel (10 kn).
The main armament consisted of six 152 mm L / 40 cannons "6 inch / 40 QF Mk. I" of the Armstrong type , a rapid-fire cannon newly developed by the manufacturer. At the bow and stern, two cannons stood side by side at the same height, the other two were set up in bulges to the side of the second funnel on deck. All six had protective shields with a thickness of 115 mm. The armament was supplemented with nine 57 mm L / 40 guns, six machine guns system Gardner and the Gatling mitrailleuses on the masts. A single 75 mm cannon is said to have been installed at times. In addition, the cruiser had four surface torpedo tubes , caliber 356 mm, one of which was fixed in the bow and the other three rotatable on the sides and stern.
The Italian Navy had a crew of 12 officers and 232 NCOs and sailors.
Mission history
The first in command of the Dogali was frigate captain Roberto De Luca , who had already transferred the ship from England to Naples . The first mission took the cruiser into the Red Sea , calling at many ports in the Mediterranean on the way out. After a short return to Italy, the Dogali ran out again in the summer of 1888 and supported the German-English blockade of Zanzibar , which was supposed to prevent the slave trade. In March 1889 the ship returned to Italy.
From April to June 1890, the Dogali patrolled the Levant coast with other units of the Italian fleet and then visited Lisbon in October . In 1891 the ship was used again, mainly in the eastern Mediterranean. On July 22nd, 1892, the cruiser began a voyage to South America via Cadiz in La Spezia . In April 1893, the Dogali New York visited as part of the international fleet show " Columbian Naval Review ", the celebration of the 400th anniversary of the discovery of America , together with the Giovanni Bausan and the Etna . In July 1893, frigate captain Augusto Aubry took command of the Dogali in South America , which observed the mutiny of the Brazilian fleet in September and did not return to Italy until May 1894. It was overhauled there and then used again in the Red Sea from 1895 to 1896. In 1897 she was part of the squadron that took part in the unveiling of the Ulysses S. Grant memorial in New York. In the following years the Dogali was also used in the Atlantic Ocean as far as South America and the Caribbean .
In 1904, after repairs and a short cruise in the Mediterranean Sea , the Dogali sailed for the last time from Italy as a training ship to Central and South America. She traveled further up the Amazon than any warship before her and reached Santa Fe in Peru . The last time the German cruiser SMS Falke traveled up the Amazon was just a little shorter in 1902. In 1905 there was an overhaul in Pensacola and visits to many US ports, including New Orleans , Washington, DC and again New York (July 14, 1905). In 1906 it finally ran south and through the Strait of Magellan into the Pacific Ocean . On the west coast of the continent, it ran north to Vancouver in Canada. An overhaul planned in Esquimalt (British Columbia) at the end of September had to be canceled due to overloading of the shipyard there.
Service and residence in Uruguay
The Italian Navy wanted to sell the now obsolete cruiser. Corresponding negotiations with Peru , however, ended unsuccessfully. Instead, it was sold to Uruguay . On January 16, 1908, the ship was handed over to the Uruguayan Navy without having returned home since 1904. It was initially named 24 de Agosto , but was soon renamed Montevideo . In 1912 she ran aground off the Brazilian coast, but was recovered.
After the gunboat Uruguay , which was delivered from Germany, was put into service, the Montevideo was disarmed in 1914 and then served as a stationary training ship. In 1931 the former Dogali was finally sold for demolition.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Salamis or Salaminia , see Brook, p. 61
- ^ English mechanic 1887
- ^ History of the Gardner machine guns ( Memento of September 28, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ [1] New York Times (NYT), November 11, 1888
- ↑ On the German side, SMS Kaiserin Augusta and SMS Seeadler took part. ( Participant in the NYT Fleet Parade , April 9, 1893)
- ^ The Troubles at Rio NYT, Nov. September 1893
- ^ [2] NYT, April 22, 1897
- ^ [3] NYT, July 27, 1905
- ^ NYT, September 15, 1907
literature
- Peter Brooke: Warships for Export: Armstrong Warships 1867-1927. World Ship Society, Gravesend 1999, ISBN 0-905617-89-4 .
- Robert Gardiner, Roger Chesneau, Eugene M. Kolesnik (Eds.): Conway All the World Fighting Ships, 1860-1905. Conway Maritime Press, London 1979, ISBN 0-85177-130-0 .
- Robert Gardiner, Randal Gray (Ed.): Conway All the World Fighting Ships 1906–1921. Conway Maritime Press, London 1986, ISBN 0-85177-245-5 .