Paretz village church
The foundation walls of the Protestant village church in Paretz near Potsdam date from the 12th century. The church belongs to the parish of Nauen Rathenow- the Evangelical Church Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Oberlausitz . According to the Dehio manual , this is one of the earliest preserved neo-Gothic buildings in Brandenburg.
location
The church is located in the south-west of the castle park on the Parkring on an area that rises slightly to the north, the unfenced former church cemetery .
history
In 1197, Margrave Otto II of Brandenburg donated the towns of Ketzin , Porac and Porets to the cathedral chapter of Brandenburg (Havel) . Thereby it should be documented that the first church was already built in Paretz at this time. The congregation states on an information board in the church that there was a chapel at that time . Field stone structures under the masonry of the 21st century building confirm this. In 1962 and 1991, three wall paintings were uncovered on the back wall of the choir, which contain consecration crosses and probably date from the 14th century. They show the announcement of the Lord , the birth of Christ the last judgment . In the land register of Emperor Karl IV. From 1375 a pastor's position is noted for Paretz. The spiritual care was subordinate to the cathedral chapter of Brandenburg and no lord of the manor, so that Paretz was not a patronage church . The church tower - partly in half-timbered - was built in 1700. The first small bell has been ringing since 1724, and it will still be operated with a cable pull in 2019. In 1725 a morgue was built on the south side of the church. At that time the burials were still carried out in the cemetery around the church. In the years 1725 and 1727 was Rococo - pulpit altar , anfertigte the master carpenter Frentsche from nearby Ketzin.
The then Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm and his wife Luise bought the estate in Paretz in 1795 and had Paretz Castle built. But they had no power of disposal over the village church. The Prussian ruling house agreed with the Brandenburg Cathedral Chapter on the assurance of the royal family that it would cover the renovation costs for the church. The condition was that the redesign was carried out according to the wishes of the court. Work began in July 1797, and a service was celebrated in the newly renovated church on the 3rd of Advent. The preliminary draft came from Hofmarschall Valentin v. Massow , the execution draft presumably by David Gilly . The local project manager Martin Friedrich Rabe was also apparently involved in the design, as the "raven" relief in the stucco rosette above the main entrance reveals.
During this redesign, the church received large pointed arched windows in the chancel and a box for the royal couple was added on the north side. The morgue on the south side has now been opened to the interior of the church and served as a manor and officer box for the Paretz squire's family.
During a renewed restoration in 1856 and 1857 under Friedrich August Stüler , the church interior , which was perceived as too dark, received two additional windows. The pulpit altar was removed and the floor raised about 50 cm. The manor box now became the sacristy , because because the royal couple was rarely present in Paretz, the manor was allowed to use the royal box. Since 1860 Paretz was an independent pastor's office. In the same year, the rectory, which was still preserved in 2019, was built, which the parish sold in 2004 to enable the restoration of the exterior of the church. In 1954, the church received a new exterior plaster, which, however, did not correspond to the historical model. At the beginning of the 1960s, the interior of the church was renewed, exposing part of the medieval wall painting in the choir room. Paretz's own pastor's office had already been closed in 1968. Since then the pastor of Ketzin has looked after the community again.
After extensive research and preliminary work, the parish carried out construction work on the outside of the church between 1983 and 1986. The historic stucco was largely reconstructed and the church was painted again. In 1995 the restoration was able to prove that the historical interior version from 1797 has largely been preserved with several coats of paint. In 1999, a temperature-controlled wall heating system was installed in the old masonry to protect against moisture penetration, which keeps the temperature in winter at at least 7 ° C and thus gradually drains the building. The church stalls were also given a thorough overhaul.
In 2002 the foundations were dug up and sealed, the sacristy was renovated and the pulpit and the wooden pillars were restored. Two years later, all roof areas were renovated and re-covered with old tiles in the monastery format. The entire exterior renovation was then completed in 2005: the refurbishment and partial renewal of all stucco elements, the restoration of the windows and doors, the redesign of the outer royal box, changes in the entrance area and the new color scheme based on the historical model of the Paretz sketchbook from 1811. On the 200th anniversary of death Queen Luise in 2010 restored the interior of the church on a historical basis. In 2006 experts began the project with the restoration and restoration of the inner royal box. In 2010, the building was given a new painting that restored the historical shape of 1798. The support association “Princess Elisabeth Society” from Wiesbaden supports the preservation of the village church.
Building description
The choir is straight and has not moved in. On the east wall is a large tracery window that extends into the pinnacle- designed gable . This is decorated with five richly decorated panels ; Above each a diagonal frieze . The north and south walls of the choir have no windows. To the north is an epitaph .
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This is followed by the nave to the west . It has a rectangular plan. On the north side is a mighty patron s box, which can be entered from the north through a richly decorated, pointed arched portal. Above this is a circular, ornate screen in the decorated gable. Two three-part tracery windows with three nuns' heads each follow to the west. The south side with the former morgue is constructed identically.
A special feature of the history of construction is the arched plank roof over the nave that has been preserved from the time it was built . At the same time, the roof structure forms the wooden pointed barrel vault that is visible on the inside and is decorated with stuccoed ribs.
The transversely rectangular west tower connects to the west. This is where the ogival framed main entrance to the church is located. Above this, there is stuccoed tracery on the tower façades, which in terms of design also covers the bell storey and the acoustic arcades. At the top is a pyramid roof with a weather vane and a cross.
Furnishing
Altar, fifth and stained glass windows
The simple altar block and the fifth were replaced in 1961 and 1962. Behind the altar is a triptych , the middle section of which shows Jesus Christ accompanied by Matthew and the apostle John and the apostle Paul of Tarsus on the right. In the choir, remnants of medieval painting were uncovered, which presumably date from the 14th century. In the north extension is the former royal box. In the west there is a gallery , which is decorated in the middle with a carved relief like a coat of arms. It shows the apostle Simon Peter and dates from the 18th century. The polygonal pulpit is kept comparatively simple. The Christ monogram is depicted in one of the pointed arched fields .
The two middle windows in the nave show two round panes with half-length portraits of obedience and a saint. The parish probably received it as a gift from Friedrich Wilhelm III. However, these are copies; the originals from around 1210/1220 are kept in the Dommuseum in Brandenburg . They originally come from the Magdeburg Convent of Our Lady . Also from this monastery comes a coat of arms disk of the House of Hohenzollern with prophets from around 1470 as well as a disk with the representation of Saint Mauritius from 1539. In the anteroom of the tower two memorial plaques commemorate the fallen of the wars.
organ
When the church was redesigned in 1797, Queen Luise donated a positive organ to the church . In 1864 the Potsdam company Gesell installed a larger organ, the work of which replaced the positive organ. From 1966 to 1968 the Schuke organ building workshop in Potsdam thoroughly overhauled the organ . In 1993 the organ could be renewed with the installation of the still missing pedal register Subbass 16 '.
Further equipment
Other church furnishings include several paintings with a Christian theme from the end of the 18th and the first half of the 19th century. A memorial plaque for Queen Luise is described in the Dehio manual as an “excellent” sculptural work. It is set up in the former royal box. The large teracotta relief was created by Schadow in 1811 and 1812 and shows the deceased in the Transfiguration, surrounded by the four virtues.
literature
- Matthias Marr: The Paretz village church , DKV art guide No. 493, 2nd edition, Munich / Berlin 2009
- Information sheet about the Paretz village church , ed. from the Evangelical Parish Paretz, no date
- Georg Dehio (edited by Gerhard Vinken et al.): Handbook of German Art Monuments - Brandenburg Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-422-03123-4 .
- Eckart Rüsch: Building construction between innovation and failure. Verona, Langhans, Gilly and the plank roofs around 1800 , Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 1997. ISBN 3-932526-00-7 , pp. 188-192.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Information board : Data on the history of the Paretz village church , May 2019
- ↑ Rüsch 1997, p. 188, with discussion of the authorship.
- ↑ . In: https://www.paretz-verein.de . Verein Historisches Paretz eV, accessed on August 18, 2020 .
- ↑ Rüsch 1997, pp. 188 ff.
- ↑ Erhard Drachenberg, Karl-Joachim Maercker, Christa Richer: Medieval glass painting in the GDR . Union Verlag Berlin 1979, p. 223.
Coordinates: 52 ° 28 ′ 7.9 ″ N , 12 ° 52 ′ 30.1 ″ E