Single-flowered vetch

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Single-flowered vetch
Systematics
Order : Fabales (Fabales)
Family : Legumes (Fabaceae)
Subfamily : Butterflies (Faboideae)
Tribe : Fabeae
Genre : Sweet peas ( Vicia )
Type : Single-flowered vetch
Scientific name
Vicia articulata
Hornem.

The single-flowered vetch ( Vicia articulata ), also called Algaroba lentil or Wicklinse , is a species of plant from the genus vetch ( Vicia ) in the subfamily of butterflies (Faboideae) within the family of legumes (Fabaceae).

description

Vegetative characteristics

The single-flowered vetch is an annual herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 20 to 70 centimeters. The prostrate, ascending or climbing stem is bare.

The alternate leaves are pinnate with five to nine pairs of leaflets and a tendril . The leaflets are linear-oblong with a length of 5 to 15 millimeters and a width of 1 to 2 millimeters. Of the two unequal stipules , the small one is linear and sessile and the larger is kidney-shaped with bristle tips and stalked.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from June to July in Central Europe and from April to June on the Iberian Peninsula . The 2.5 to 3.5 cm long, racemose inflorescence contains one or sometimes two flowers. The hermaphroditic flower is 8 to 12, rarely up to 17 millimeters long; it is zygomorphic as a butterfly flower and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five sepals are fused into a short calyx tube and the calyx teeth are much longer than the calyx tube. The bluish white corolla has the typical shape of the butterfly flower. The flag is veined in purple.

The legume , 15 to 35 millimeters long and 6 to 10 millimeters wide, is yellow, glabrous and contains two to four seeds. The seeds are about 4 millimeters in size.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 14.

Occurrence

The single-flowered vetch is a Mediterranean floral element. The natural distribution area of ​​the single-flowered vetch is in southwestern Europe (e.g. Spain ) and southern Europe ( Italy including Sardinia and Sicily ), southeastern Europe (former Yugoslavia , Bulgaria and Greece ) in southwestern Asia (only western Turkey and rarely in Iraq ) and perhaps in Egypt . The single-flowered vetch is a neophyte in Portugal , Central Europe , Macaronesia (Canary Islands only) and North America .

It used to be an unstable neophyte in Germany (only adventitious occurrence) in the sandy areas of the Rhine-Main area , the Palatinate and on the lower reaches of the Regen , but it seems to have disappeared there today.

In Spain it thrives in fields and along roadsides. The single-flowered vetch used to be grown occasionally in Central Europe as a forage plant and there it is sometimes, mostly inconsistent, overgrown. When overgrown, the single-flowered vetch mostly populates grain fields or fallow land .

In Central Europe it thrives best on nutrient-rich , lime-poor or lime-free sandy soils . It is a Secalietea class character in Central Europe.

Systematics

Vicia articulata was first published in 1807 by Jens Wilken Hornemann in Enumeratio Plantarum Horti Botanici Hafniensis (rev. Ed.), P. 41. A homonym is Vicia articulata Willd. , published 1809 by Carl Ludwig von Willdenow in Enumeratio Plantarum Horti Botanici Berolinensis, ... , p. 764. Synonyms for Vicia articulata Hornem. are: Vicia monanthos (L.) Desf. , Vicia multifida Wallr. , Vicia smyrnaea Boiss. , Vicia monantha Koch .

Vicia articulata belongs to the section Ervoides from the subgenus Vicilla in the genus Vicia .

literature

  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). 2nd corrected and enlarged edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2007, ISBN 978-3-8001-4990-2 .
  • Siegmund Seybold : The flora of Germany and the neighboring countries. A book for identifying all wild and frequently cultivated vascular plants . Founded by Otto Schmeil , Jost Fitschen . 95th completely revised and expanded edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01498-2 .
  • Eckehart J. Jäger (ed.): Excursion flora from Germany. Vascular plants: baseline . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 20th, revised and expanded edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-8274-1606-3 .
  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). 2nd corrected and enlarged edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2007, ISBN 978-3-8001-4990-2 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Vicia articulata Hornem., Einblütige Wicke. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ↑ a b c Vicia articulata in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved May 2, 2015.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j data sheet from Flora Vascular .
  4. ↑ Michael Hassler, Bernd Schmitt: data sheet at plant world of Germany .
  5. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 609.
  6. ↑ Single -flowered vetch at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed on May 2, 2015.
  7. ↑ Data sheet at The Euro + Med PlantBase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plans diversity with data from ILDIS.

Web links