Emanuel Aloys Förster

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Emanuel Alois Förster, lithograph by Josef Eduard Teltscher

Emanuel Aloys Förster (born January 26, 1748 in Niedersteine , Grafschaft Glatz ; † November 12, 1823 in Vienna ) was an Austrian music teacher and composer .

Life

His parents were the estate manager Anton Ludwig Förster and Anna Maria, née Teuber. After the parish school in Niedersteine ​​he attended the grammar school of the Benedictine monastery in Braunau , where his musical talent was recognized early on. By order of the then abbot Friedrich Grundmann (1752–1772), he was one of the students who received lessons in figural music from a qualified teacher . After graduating from high school, he worked in the estate administration of his father from 1764, who worked for Count Vetter von der Lilien. Since his birthplace, together with the County of Glatz, fell to Prussia after the Peace of Hubertusburg in 1763 , he did his military service in the Fouqué infantry regiment from 1766 to 1768 , to which he was assigned as a military musician.

As a teenager, Emanuel Aloys Förster composed several concerts and sonatas according to his ears. After he got a theoretical work by Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach , he copied it. It is believed that it was an "attempt on the true way to play the piano". After returning from the military, he received music lessons from the organist and theory teacher Johann Georg Pausewang from Mittelwald . Presumably through his mediation, he stayed in Prague from 1776 to 1779. He then went to Vienna, where he worked as a composer and music teacher. Through his marriage to Eleonore von Reczka, he got in touch with Viennese aristocratic houses, which promoted his fame. He was a member of the Schuppanzigh Quartet , which also included his Silesian compatriots Peter Hansel , Franz Weiss and Joseph Linke .

Among his students were Franz Pecháček , Joseph Mayseder , Louis Niedermeyer and Wilhelm Reuling . He was on friendly terms with WA Mozart and Joseph Haydn . He met Ludwig van Beethoven , who was 22 years his junior , from Prince Karl Lichnowsky . Beethoven valued Förster's musical work and his compositional work and also introduced him to students, including Andreas Rasumofsky and Charles Neate.

Förster's five children had daughter Eleonore (* 1799), who married Count Conti in 1823, a well-known pianist who herself composed variations for piano, violin, viola and violoncello. Her brother Joseph, who was a year younger than him, was also a pianist and cellist. Förster's daughter Michaelina married the violinist Pietro Rovelli (1793–1838). Forster's widow Eleonore outlived her husband by 28 years. She died in Vienna on May 10, 1852.

Förster's musical legacy is in the Austrian National Library .

Works

  • Instructions for the general bass with written music examples . Breitkopf & Härtel Verlag, Leipzig 1805. The instructions were published several times and translated into Czech.
  • Emanuel Aloys Förster composed numerous string quartets and quintets, fugues, cantatas, piano quartets, oboe concerts and preludes.
  • He was one of 50 composers who submitted a variation on a waltz by Anton Diabelli for Part II of the Collection of Patriotic Artists' Association, printed in 1824 .

literature

  • Constantin von Wurzbach : Förster, Emanuel Alois . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 4th part. Typogr.-literar.-artist publishing house. Establishment (L. C. Zamarski, C. Dittmarsch & Comp.), Vienna 1858, p. 273 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Karl Weigl : Emanuel Aloys Förster . In: Anthologies of the International Music Society . Book 2, 1905, pp. 274-314.
  • Othmar Wessely:  Förster, Emanuel Aloys. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1961, ISBN 3-428-00186-9 , p. 276 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Karl Schindler: Aloys Förster from Niedersteine. A confidante of Beethoven . In: That was her life. Important counters from four centuries . Heidelberg 1976, pp. 44-49.
  • Lothar Hoffmann inheritance law: In: Schlesisches Musiklexikon . Augsburg 2001, ISBN 3-89639-242-5 , pp. 167-170.
  • Rudolf Walter: Emanuel Joseph Anton Franz Alois Förster . In: Schlesische Lebensbilder . 7th volume. Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-7995-6198-6 .
  • Wolfgang Budday: Harmony theory Viennese classic. Theory - sentence technique - work analysis. With supplement: Composition exercises - the harmony courses by WA Mozart and EA Förster . Berthold & Schwerdtner, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-00-008998-5 .
  • Daniel Hensel (ed.): Instructions for the General Bass (1805), including the biography: Karl Weigl: Emanuel Aloys Förster (1913) . Ibidem-Verlag, Stuttgart 2012, ISBN 978-3-8382-0378-2 .

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Forester, Emanuel Aloys
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Forster, Emanuel Alois
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian composer and music teacher
DATE OF BIRTH January 26, 1748
PLACE OF BIRTH Niedersteine
DATE OF DEATH November 12, 1823
Place of death Vienna