Ettikon
Ettikon is a settlement that belongs to the district of Kadelburg in the Baden-Württemberg community of Küssaberg in Klettgau in the Waldshut district.
Location and importance
In the area of today's municipality of Küssaberg, a plain opens for a few kilometers between the Upper Rhine and the ridge of the southern southern edge , which runs around this lowland directly along the river bank. In ancient times, at the western end of the lowland, there was the only ford across the Rhine that was passable at low tide. The transition is said to have been part of an old trade route along the Rhone to the Celtic regions and to Germania.
The settlement originally only consisted of the Ettikoner Hof, which was closely linked to the Ettikoner Laufen in early history . Ettikon is separated by state road 161 across from the Homburg settlement, which used to belong to the Tiengen district and is now part of Waldshut-Tiengen . To the northeast of Ettikon is the commercial area of the municipality of Küssaberg.
village life
Founded in November 2003, the Chapel Association in Ettikon started building a small church. A plot of land had been available for many years. With donations, perseverance and hard work, construction began in February 2011 and “on October 1st the Peace Chapel was inaugurated as part of an ecumenical service.” The construction and, above all, the furnishings from the altar to the bell were a “joint project” by craftsmen and artists, a window was inspired by confirmands. In December 2019, the benches around the chapel were replaced.
Early history
"An old tradition from the time of the Great Migration reports that the tribes of the Cimbri and Teutons built a rough bridge over the reefs of the Laufen and crossed the river here with cattle and carts [...]."
In the Roman era, which began after their Alpine campaigns and the establishment of the Roman camp in Dangstetten , the importance of the ford disappeared due to the construction of bridges between Zurzach and Rheinheim.
In the last phase, when the Romans fortified the southern bank of the Upper Rhine against the Alemanni - for observation with a chain of watchtowers - there was also a tower on the bank of the ford with an inscription that said the year of construction 371 and the position with “summa rapida "- after Müller-Ettikon translated as" upper fast ", whereby he interprets" summa = the whole "as 'all fast', which then means the last in the series.
According to Emil Müller-Ettikon , "in the 5th and 6th centuries" - during the expansive conquest of the Alamanni after the withdrawal of the last Roman troops from the Upper Rhine line (401 to 407 AD) - in addition to the already existing early settlements (with Place-name endings in -ingen) founded by Alemannic groups also single farms.
Establishment of the farm
These courtyards were "often named after the emigrant's first name with the ending -inghova and this ending was shortened to -ikon [...] Ettikon was the only place on the right bank of the Rhine that has the ending -ikon to this day." On the Swiss side, places with this ending are often found, as these areas still had a low settlement density in the 'hinterland' after the Romans abandoned the river line and were apparently first occupied by repatriates.
"If the farm had been founded a hundred or two hundred years later, it would now be called Ettighofen like Dettighofen." The assumption is that Ettikon was the "Hof des Etto".
middle Ages
The court could have been a stable, independent rulership, since it does not appear in the numerous mentions of transfers of ownership at the end of the 9th century.
Details of what was going on around the court were not handed down until the 13th century.
“Presumably the farm came into the possession of the barons of Tegerfelden and through them as a dowry into the hands of the barons of Klingnau . They founded the town of Klingnau with great difficulty , around the same time that the little town of Kaiserstuhl was founded in the vicinity by the Regensbergers and Waldshut by the Habsburgs . Ettikon had to deliver the duties to Klingnau every year. "
“ Walther von Klingen sold Klingnau to the Bishop of Konstanz and moved out of the country. What the bishop did not buy, the minstrel gave to the monastery of St. Blasien , including the Ettikon court, in exchange or purchase . This already had rich possessions in Surb and Aare , and had it administered by his provost in Klingnau. "
“Ettikon was thus an inheritance of the St. Blasien monastery. Nothing was changed from 1271 to the secularization of the monastery in 1806. […] In addition to this interest, there was a tithe that had to be delivered to the Canons' Monastery in Zurzach, and an interest that had to be given to the parish of Tiengen. The monastery had assumed the obligation to this foundation with goods from the Barons von Krenkingen, and Ettikon had to contribute to this burden. ”(EME, 137.).
“On May 27, 1483, the Dinghof Court of Tiengen issued a judgment on the town's right to graze. The extensive pasture district [... extended] 'through the Wutach and behind the Bürgerholz the ground down to Ettikon, the courtyard on the Rhine' [and] coincided by and large with the original mark of Tiengen. ”Here the affiliation of the Homberg and its area in front of Tiengen opposite Ettikon.
From the documents available from the following period, Müller-Ettikon reads a frequent change in the owner or lessee of the farm: “The farmers in Ettikon were part of the Kadelburg village community, and yet again they were outside because the farm was so remote. [...] And since there was constant change on the farm, the Ettikers were never really recognized as locals. [...] Because of the pasture, there were often quarrels, "because the area around the courtyard was huge, but not clearly demarcated everywhere. It was not until a fiefdom dated 1661 that the land was defined more precisely and in terms of scope. (EME, 138 ff.).
19th and 20th centuries
However, this also seemed to have opened the door to the division of the estate and thus also sales “and the Kadelburgers had already started to tear pieces out […] The monastery rule always viewed Ettikon as a whole and demanded the interest from one source until the end of their rule . “The monastery bought back fields. But “28 Kadelburg farmers had torn pieces out of it.” The secularization from 1806 and the beginning industrialization put an end to that, but in the end the cigar emperor of Waldshut owned part of the court that speculated on the construction of the power station in Laufen. The other part belonged to Andreas Schleith. During the First World War, Ettikon was acquired for a lot of money by the Lonza works . Schleith stayed on the farm as a tenant until 1920 and had to experience that the money was eaten up by inflation . (EME, 141 f.).
Lonza works
The Lonza plants were a Swiss company that originally built a plant for the extraction of calcium carbide and calcium cyanamide. “So that the products in Germany would not be burdened by customs, it was decided in 1913 to build a branch below the Wutach estuary in the Waldshut district.” Ettikon was “primarily bought to buy cheap building land for a workers' settlement behind the forest in protected location, in the second place because of the planned Laufen power plant. "
The construction contract was signed on August 4, 1920 with the municipality of Kadelburg and the settlement was built immediately afterwards.
Laufen power plant
Construction of the power plant began in 1964. The machine house and weir were to be built on the rocky bedrock of the middle part of the rapids. "There, three turbine groups were to be set up, each with an absorption capacity of 180 cbm / second and an output of 17,000 kW each." On average, an annual energy volume of 310 million kilowatt hours should be generated. Houses in the Kadelburger Unterdorf have already been bought for a dam construction. (EME, 143).
“On Wednesday, April 14, 1965, at exactly 4:03 p.m., the miners blasted the last 1.40 m thick rock that was still closing the tunnel. [...] 15 million had already been built into the plant. The homeland guards mourned the loss of the last untouched rapids on the Upper Rhine. The community hoped for a rich tax income. Construction was stopped. The people with the money had calculated that they would get electricity cheaper if they built their nuclear reactors instead of hydroelectric power stations. "
annotation
- ↑ The flood of documents from 1230 was due to the dissolution of the imperial rule of the Hohenstaufen as a result of the conflict with the papacy : This led to an anarchic situation first in the south of the empire, in which the small and middle nobility had to reposition themselves, if not crushed by the great ruling families - d. i.e. to be expropriated from their property.
Personalities
- Emil Müller-Ettikon , historian
literature
- Hans Matt-Willmatt (ed.): Chronicle of the district of Waldshut , Vocke-Verlag, Waldshut 1957
- Emil Müller-Ettikon : A brief overview of the history of Küssaberg. Edited by the Küssaberg community, H. Zimmermann Verlag, Waldshut 1981.
- City of Tiengen (Upper Rhine): The Klettgau , Franz Schmid (Ed.), 1971; (until today authoritative monograph, with contributions by: Ruth Blum , Eugen Fürstos, Richard Gäng , Josef Hirt-Elmer, Josef Isele, Helmut Maurer , Ludwig Mayer, Emil Müller-Ettikon , Heinrich Münz, Helmut Naumann, Alois Nohl, Alfons Peter, Ernst Rüedi, Franz Schmid, Karl Schwarzenberg , Ignatz Stein, Heinz Voellner, Karl Friedrich-Wernet, Hans Jakob Wörner)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Stefan Kurczynzki: For a pause before and after the devotion , Südkurier, December 28, 2019.
- ^ Emil Müller-Ettikon : Brief overview of the history of Küssaberg. Ed. Municipality of Küssaberg, H. Zimmermann Verlag, Waldshut 1981, p. 18.
- ^ Emil Müller-Ettikon: Brief overview of the history of Küssaberg , Ed .: Municipality of Küssaberg, 1981, p. 137.
- ^ Emil Müller-Ettikon: History of Küssabergs , Municipality of Küssaberg, 1981, p. 137. The source is named 'EME' in the following.
- ↑ Brigitte Matt-Willmatt, Karl-Friedricht Hoggenmüller: Lauchringen - Chronik einer Gemeinde , Hrsg .: Gemeinde Lauchringen 1985, p. 155.
- ↑ Quotations in the chapter: E. Müller-Ettikon: Geschichte Küssabergs , p. 142.
Coordinates: 47 ° 37 ' N , 8 ° 16' E
Bechtersbohl | Dangstetten | Ettikon | Kadelburg | Küßnach | Reckingen | Rheinheim