Evangelical Church Harbach (Grünberg)

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South side of the Harbach church
Interior facing east

The Evangelical Church in Harbach , a district of Grünberg in the district of Gießen ( Central Hesse ), is a Romanesque hall church that was built around 1250. With its roof turret and its retracted rectangular choir, the church shapes the townscape and is a Hessian cultural monument .

history

The Harbach Church was built around 1250 after the provost of Wirberg Monastery had approved the construction. The guarantors asked the provost of the monastery, "because the way to Wirberg, especially since winter poses some danger". The church had to be built on the site of the monastery and remained a branch of the Saasen mother church .

In the Middle Ages, Wirberg was assigned to the Archdeaconate of St. Stephan in the Archdiocese of Mainz as an exemte parish . The Wirberg parish included Beltershain, Bollnbach, Göbelnrod, Groß-Lumda and Reinhardshain and the second parish Veitsberg / Saasen the branches Harbach and Lindenstruth. In 1509 an altar was consecrated to St. Anne . With the introduction of the Reformation in 1527, the monastery was abolished and the Harbach parish switched to the Protestant confession.

The new focus on the sermon made the installation of galleries necessary in the post-Reformation period. The tower fell into disrepair in the 1730s. Due to the danger of collapse, the community was forced to "break it down and repair it without further delay via the helpers". As early as 1743, the ridge turret had a tower clock, according to an invoice for a repair. In 1772 it is reported that “the whole building in the complex is spoiled and too low.” The subsequently built men's galleries in the originally lower church meant that “the women standing below became unusable. In order to be able to get into this one has to bend down, and in order to be able to stand upright in it, the floor has to be dug a shoe deep and made lower than the ground outside the church building ”. In 1775 the church was redesigned in Baroque style, the walls of the nave and choir were "screwed 6 to 8 feet up" and brought to the same height under a shared gable roof , larger rectangular windows and the south portal were broken in, and the turret was renewed. The formerly gable center, Romanesque west portal was moved a little to the north. In the years 1810/1811, round windows in the classicism style were added to illuminate the galleries and the roof turrets were renewed in a different form. Further repairs followed in the 19th century. In 1855 the church was whitewashed and the wooden interior was painted with oil.

Since the roof structure and ceiling had been eaten away by the house buck , they were replaced in 1964/1965. The supporting structure of the galleries was also renewed in 1965. An interior renovation followed, during which the remains of Gothic frescoes were discovered in the choir and an inscription was uncovered above the south portal. The choir paintings could not be restored and were repainted. In 1975 an exterior renovation was carried out. Another renovation of the ceiling and an exterior and interior painting were necessary in 1993.

architecture

West side
Inscription on the south wall

The east- facing hall church with retracted, strikingly long rectangular choir is built on the northern edge of the village from plastered quarry stone masonry with corner blocks raised on the northern slope. Until 1900, burials took place in the enclosed cemetery. A tombstone dates from 1625. The wall has not been preserved in the south and west.

The rectangular church has strong outer walls that point to the 13th century. It is accessed through a late Romanesque west portal (1.22 meters wide, 2.21 meters high) with a round arch over transom plates with a bevel, which was later roofed over, and through a rectangular south portal (0.73 meters wide, 1.72 meters high) . Rectangular and round windows illuminate the interior. Two round windows are set under the slated west gable and one in the south choir wall, two on the south side of the nave and one rectangular window each on the east and west sides. The north side has no windows. The red basalt garments (0.12 meters wide) date from the 18th century and stand out from the medieval frames. Above the south portal is a plaque with garlands and putti , which refers to the renovation in the years 1810/1811: "This church was built and renovated in the year of Christ in 1810 and 1811. The master builder was Johann Konrad Keil" .

Since the renovation in 1775, the nave and choir have been united under a shared gable roof. The roof turret on a square floor plan ends with the west side. The cube-shaped bell storey with small rectangular sound holes houses a triple bell. A bell (0.60 meters in diameter) with a foundry mark (little bell and the name "ackmann") was cast in the 14th century, one in 1452 (0.67 meters in diameter) and one in 1950. The bell from 1452 bears the names of the four evangelists , a Madonna , two holy images, the name of St. Nicholas , to whom it was consecrated, and the year in Gothic minuscule . The pyramid helmet is crowned by a wrought iron cross and a gold-plated weathercock.

Furnishing

pulpit

The interior is closed off by a flat ceiling. A three-sided gallery with coffered panels is built into the church. The south wall with the pulpit remained without a gallery. The lower organ gallery in the east has a small modern picture in the middle panel with Christ in blue and red on a gold-plated background in the style of Eastern Church icons . A figure with the motif Anna teaches Maria to read stands on a console above the south portal , which was donated and made in 2009. A storage niche (0.27 meters wide, 0.30 meters high, 0.32 meters deep) in the southern choir wall indicates the medieval origins.

The wooden, polygonal pulpit with coffered panels in the pulpit fields is set up on a square wooden post on the south wall. The church pews, the altar and the supporting construction of the galleries date from 1965. The modern baptismal font made of red marble rests on a four-sided foot. A pewter jug ​​that was donated in 1758 belongs to the Vasa sacra .

organ

Bernhard organ from 1861

There are no details about the first organ , for which a gallery was built in 1811. Friedrich Wilhelm Bernhard built his last organ here in 1861 before the Romrod company went out. The front-playing instrument has seven registers , which are distributed over a manual and a permanently attached pedal. The prospectus shows four arched fields between pilasters painted in marble . A comprehensive renovation of the organ took place in 2019. The wind pressure was lowered somewhat in order to preserve the historical substance. The disposition is as follows:

I Manual C – f 3
Principal 8th'
Salicional 8th'
Bourdon 8th'
octave 4 ′
Hollow flute 4 ′
Mixture III 2 ′
Pedal C – d 1
Sub-bass 16 ′

literature

  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of German art monuments , Hessen I. Administrative districts of Giessen and Kassel. Edited by Folkhard Cremer, Tobias Michael Wolf and others. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03092-3 , p. 378.
  • Wilhelm Diehl : Construction book for the Protestant parishes of the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt. (= Hassia sacra; 5 ). Self-published, Darmstadt 1931, p. 497 f.
  • State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.), Karlheinz Lang (edit.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. District of Giessen II. Buseck, Fernwald, Grünberg, Langgöns, Linden, Pohlheim, Rabenau. (= Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany ). Theiss, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 978-3-8062-2178-7 , p. 189 f.
  • Heinz P. Probst: The architectural and art monuments in the greater community of Grünberg. Issue 1. Churches. (= Series of publications of the Verkehrsverein 1896 Grünberg eV Local History Series , Vol. 2). Grünberg-Queckborn: Heinz Probst, 2001, pp. 37-39.
  • Sven Schepp: History of the Harbach Church. In: Sven Schepp; Ev. Parish office Harbach, Michael Krum (Ed.): Harbach. About the village, its inhabitants and their traces over the centuries. Uwe Will, Wetzlar 1998, pp. 101-134.
  • Heinrich Walbe : The art monuments of the Gießen district. Vol. 1. Northern part. Hessisches Denkmalarchiv, Darmstadt 1938, p. 223 f.
  • Peter Weyrauch : The churches of the old district of Giessen. Mittelhessische Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Gießen 1979, p. 80 f.

Web links

Commons : Evangelische Kirche Harbach  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.), Lang (edit.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. 2010, p. 190.
  2. ^ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.), Lang (edit.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. 2010, p. 189.
  3. ↑ a b Probst: The architectural and art monuments. 2001, p. 38.
  4. ↑ Schepp: History of the Harbach Church. 1998, p. 103.
  5. ↑ Schepp: History of the Harbach Church. 1998, p. 104.
  6. ↑ Harbach. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on October 30, 2014 .
  7. ^ Diehl: Construction book for the Protestant parishes. 1931, p. 495.
  8. ↑ Schepp: History of the Harbach Church. 1998, p. 106.
  9. ^ Weyrauch: The churches of the old district Gießen. 1979, p. 80.
  10. ↑ Schepp: History of the Harbach Church. 1998, p. 107.
  11. ^ Diehl: Construction book for the Protestant parishes. 1931, p. 496.
  12. ↑ Probst: The architectural and art monuments. 2001, p. 39.
  13. ↑ a b c Weyrauch: The churches of the old district of Gießen. 1979, p. 81.
  14. ↑ Schepp: History of the Harbach Church. 1998, p. 114 f.
  15. ↑ Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. Vol. 1. 1938, p. 222.
  16. ^ Dehio: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Hessen I. 2008, p. 378.
  17. ↑ a b Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. Vol. 1. 1938, p. 223.
  18. ↑ Walbe: The art monuments of the district of Giessen. Vol. 1. 1938, p. 224.
  19. ↑ Schepp: History of the Harbach Church. 1998, p. 118.
  20. ^ Franz Bösken, Hermann Fischer: Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine (=  contributions to the Middle Rhine music history . Volume 29.1 ). tape 3 : Former province of Upper Hesse. Part 1: A-L . Schott, Mainz 1988, ISBN 3-7957-1330-7 , p. 435 .

Coordinates: 50 ° 34 ′ 39.7 ″  N , 8 ° 53 ′ 20.2 ″  E