Evinghoven

Evinghoven is a district of the municipality of Rommerskirchen in the Rhine district of Neuss in North Rhine-Westphalia .

Basic data
State :	North Rhine-Westphalia
Circle :	Rhine district of Neuss
Municipality :	Rommerskirchen
Height :
Residents :
Postcodes :	41569
Area code :	02183
License plate :	NE

Geographical location

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View of Evinghoven from the south-west

Evinghoven is located about 20 km northwest of Cologne and about 20 km southwest of Düsseldorf between the cities of Grevenbroich, Dormagen and Pulheim in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia . To the west of Evinghoven is Deelen, to the southeast are the towns of Anstel, Frixheim, Butzheim and Nettesheim, to the north are Widdeshoven and Hoeningen. The Strategic Railway Embankment runs east of Evinghoven . The place is traversed by the Gillbach.

Appearance of the place

Inner courtyard of Neu Ikoven

Church of St. Anthony the Hermit

"Engelskirchen"

The center is formed by the neo-Gothic village church "St. Antonius Eremit" with its almost 40 meter high church tower and the area around the village square with buildings from the 18th century and older. Furthermore, the place is divided into several sub-locations: the old "Poland settlement" from the 1950s, the so-called "Rama settlement" from the 1970s, the court festivals (castle) Alt- Ikoven from the middle of the 17th century. Century, the splendid classical property Neu-Ikoven, and the zoo on the mountain Bollert, (68 m above sea level ) unofficially known as "Engelskirchen".

history

Antiquity

Like large parts of the Rhineland, Evinghoven can look back on a very long history: as early as 200 BC. Gaulish-Celtic tribes settled in the area of the municipality of Rommerskirchen, who already practiced cultivated agriculture there. In 54 BC Through the Gallic campaign of Gaius Julius Caesar, the first Roman occupiers came to the Rhine, subjugated the locals and settled the Germanic tribe of the Ubier, allied with them, there, which guaranteed them a long-term peace. Since the year 16 BC The Romans then settled permanently in the Cologne Bay, as the legion camps in Neuss and Dormagen show. The first Roman-Germanic villages quickly formed around these camps and the city of Claudia Ara Agrippinensium (Cologne), which had been elevated to a colony, and trade was able to expand through the Roman highways. With the final incorporation of the region into the Roman Empire in the first century AD, the intensive settlement of the area around the Gillbach began: Caused not least by the soil, which is ideal for arable farming, numerous country estates ( villae rusticae ) emerged, a large number of which in the municipality and at least three in today's Evinghoven are occupied (and partially preserved) - if you consider the dimensions of these antique luxury homes, you can imagine the enormous population density even in Roman times. In Evinghoven, a large villa on the Bollert is particularly worth mentioning (the small street there is still called Burgacker and was probably named in the early modern period after the remains of the villa, which were probably interpreted as a castle). Due to its ideal location on the fertile hill above the Gillbach valley, it was able to hold up into the 5th century. Due to the intensive agriculture of modern times, however, only litter finds can be made superficially there, but aerial photographs reveal clear remains - a professional archaeological excavation would probably uncover a building complex of enormous size. In addition to finds that prove the existence of two other villas, there are also other Roman sites in the small town: it was not until 2004 that the remains of Roman graves were discovered during excavations for a new house north of the town Rhenish State Museum in Bonn can be found.

middle Ages

With the collapse of the Roman Empire and the withdrawal of the Romans, the Roman buildings in the municipality gradually fell into disrepair - and at the beginning of the early Middle Ages, nature was able to regain many of the previously intensively used arable land, as it was only in the 8th century a quarter of the Roman land area is forest-free. The Franks who lived around Evinghoven from the 6th century onwards (row graves are evidence of this settlement from this early medieval period) lived more simply than the immigrants from the south: they preferred their wooden stilt houses and pit houses to the complex and luxurious villas of the Romans. The ending of the place name in -hoven indicates a Franconian-Merovingian settlement from the 7th century onwards. Roman buildings were used as quarries, initially for moths (stilted castles) and chapels, then in the High Middle Ages for churches and castles. Roman inscriptions can still be found around Evinghoven in the wall stones of medieval churches (Oekoven, Hoeningen, Ramrath, Rommerskirchen). Apparently no medieval buildings have survived in the village of Evinghoven. However, there is evidence that wine was even grown in Evinghoven up to the 14th century; the hillside location of the Bollert towards the south created good conditions for this drink, which was popular in the Middle Ages - not only - in churches and monasteries. It was only with climate change at the beginning of modern times that Evinghoven probably became a place of pure arable farming again.

Early modern age

Old Ikoven

Numerous buildings are documented from the early modern period. Alt-Ikoven, for example, has the structure of a 16th century court festival - protected by a moat, many other courtyards in and around Evinghoven have their origins in the 17th century, when the area was at times Electoral Cologne and at times belonged to the Duchy of Jülich. There are many buildings in Evinghoven from the 18th century: In particular around today's village square, almost all of the buildings date from the period between 1700 and 1800, unfortunately you cannot immediately see the historical structure of all of them, as they were in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s many half-timbered or brick facades were defaced by clinker bricks and aluminum windows. But if you look at the village from the field and garden side, you can see the historical structure very well. It can also be assumed that the cellar vaults that are often present in the older buildings in the town center are even much older than the building date of the house itself - there are even traces of late medieval traces in these barrel vaults.

Modern times

After the French invaded in 1794, the area on the left bank of the Rhine became French. In 1798 the French divided the Rhineland into four departments (Rur / Roer, Rhine-Mosel, Saar and Donnersberg). The departments were subdivided into arrondissements / approximately administrative districts, these in turn into cantons / approximately districts and these again into Mairien / mayor's offices. In 1801 Mairie Evinghoven was founded. It belonged to the canton of Elsen (GV) and that in turn belonged to the Arrondissement de Cologne in the Département de la Roer .

After the withdrawal of the French occupation troops as a result of the collapse of the Napoleonic Empire in 1814, the Catholic Rhineland was awarded to Protestant Prussia at the Congress of Vienna. Citizenship and official language changed, but this changed little in terms of the administrative structure. With minor changes, the Prussian municipal code remained in force from 1845 to 1918. Evinghoven came to the Prussian province of Kleve-Jülich-Berg , which was added to the Rhine province in 1822 . In 1816 the mayor's office Evinghoven was established, which in 1839 consisted of the three communities Oekoven (with Deelen, Ückinghoven and Evinghoven), Hoeningen (with Widdeshoven, Ramrath and Villau) and Broich . First Evinghoven was the seat of this new mayor's office. The "old town hall" still bears witness to this time. Several buildings date from the turn of the century, including the parish church of St. Antonius Eremit, which was built in the last decade of the 19th century.

After the Second World War, the northern “settlement” was built, to which refugees from the former German eastern regions moved. For this reason, the locals often refer to this area, which is a bit out of the way, as the “Poland settlement”.

The Evinghoven office, which was dissolved on December 31, 1974, consisted of the municipalities of Hoeningen and Oekoven, which were part of the office . On June 30, 1974 it had 2828 inhabitants on 18.77 km² and thus had a population density of 151 inhabitants per km².

mayor

1798–1800 Anton Schmitz (municipal agent)
1800–1811 Anton Schmitz
1812–1835 Franz-Ferdinand Weigold
1836 Johann Peter Weigold (acting mayor)
1836–1837 Ferdinand Nippen
1837 Wilms
1838–1839 Wilhelm Marseille
1839–1847 Christian Wilhelm Grund
1847–1850 Wilhelm Schwarz
1850–1863 Moritz Wermelskirchen
1863–1873 Peter Johann Schroeder
1873–1882 Johann Peter Salbach
1883–1885 Eugen Nicodem
1885-1886 Bertrams
1886–1915 Heinrich Dahmen
1916–1919 Wihsmann
1919–1933 Adolf Schmitz
1934–1945 Hans Corsten

The last public officials until December 31, 1974 were:

Official Mayor: Wilhelm Baum (CDU)
Deputy: Christian Müller (CDU)
Official Director: Peter Welter
General Representative: Heinrich Bös

Associations and institutions

The new fire station

In addition to the institutions of the Catholic Church (Parish Library, Women's Association) are also a kindergarten and a private fire brigade of volunteer firefighters Rommerskirchen in place. The old fire station was demolished and a new building is being built at the same location. The new building was inaugurated on August 8, 2009. The citizens' rifle club can probably be seen as the largest association in the area, with almost half of the people of Evinghoven being organized in it and the associated rifle platoons. The annual rifle festival is, as in many Rhenish towns, the highlight not only for the "natives".

In 1976 the shooting club “Sportschützen Evinghoven e. V. 1976 ”founded. Its members not only set up the entire sports facility (shooting range and common room) on their own, but have won numerous prizes over the years - right up to the state championship. Sports weapons are exclusively air-pressure weapons (rifle and pistol).

In 1986 an amateur theater association was founded in Evinghoven with the name "Gillbachbühne-Evinghoven". Since then, this amateur theater group has been performing pieces from the boulevard theater every year shortly after the turn of the year. The origins of this theater go back to the 1920s.

Economy and Infrastructure

The opencast mines and power plants of Rheinbraun and RWE in Grevenbroich and the Bayer chemical plant in Dormagen became employers for many Evinghoven; In the mid-1970s, the farming village had finally transformed into a commuter place. This is not least evidenced by other new buildings outside the village center. The change from the secondary to the tertiary sector did not stop at the small Rhenish village either: A large part of the population who now live in Evinghoven is now employed in service jobs in the major cities of Düsseldorf, Cologne, Neuss or Mönchengladbach within a 30-kilometer radius. Agriculture and large-scale industry now only play a minor role in local jobs.

Current development

The major construction site that restricted the passage through the town was removed in December 2008. The Widdeshoven through-town passage is restricted to / from Evinghoven. Furthermore, it is intended to build a fountain on the Kirchwiese in the center of the village and to set up benches and trees, so that a meeting point for all Evinghovener will be created here in the warm season.

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Construction area at the cemetery in Evinghoven, Dahlienweg

media

Neuss-Grevenbroicher-Zeitung - regional daily newspaper, Neusser Zeitungsverlag GmbH
Showcase - local advertising paper (Tuesday), Neusser Zeitungsverlag GmbH
Rheinischer Anzeiger - local advertising paper (Wednesday), Neusser Zeitungsverlag GmbH
Erft-Kurier - local advertising paper (Tuesday) Neusser Zeitungsverlag GmbH
NEWS 89.4 - local radio station (daily), Neusser Zeitungsverlag GmbH
Website evinghoven.info

literature

Manfred G. Hundt: The legacy of the Romans on the Gillbach. Ground monument maintenance in Rommerskirchen. Dormagen 1996
Kreisheimatbund Neuss (Ed.): Yearbook for the Rhein-Kreis Neuss 2006. Düsseldorf 2005
Gerhard Brunn, Jürgen Reulecke: Small history of North Rhine-Westphalia. 1946-1996. Cologne 1996
Uwe Andersen: Local politics in North Rhine-Westphalia in transition. Cologne 1998
Martin Mertens: Local elections in Rommerskirchen. An analysis of the 1999 and 2004 election campaigns. Published 2005