Finland house

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Finland House in Hamburg
Finland's coat of arms on the concrete bridge of the girder level (south-east corner).
Including the row of windows offset inwards on the top floor (12th floor)
View from the same corner in a south-easterly direction over the Inner Alster . The restaurant in the Finland House resided here until 1996

The Finland House in Hamburg is a skyscraper completed in 1966 which, among other things, housed the Finnish Consulate General . A striking feature is the centrally arranged, narrow foot on which the building appears to be standing. The golden lion on a red background affixed to the upper right corner of each facade is a simplified representation of the Finnish national coat of arms .

structure

The building has 14 floors above ground and is 50.5 m high; the edge length of the square floor plan is 20.4 m, the lower edge of the upper storey is 7.5 m above the ground. The reinforced concrete structure is designed as a hanging structure. The 13 floors above the 6.9 m narrow sidecut are suspended from the cantilever arms of the access core that extends through to the top floor. The 13th floor (carrier floor) contains the cantilever structures and, in addition to the elevator motors and parts of the building technology, a few storage areas. The total usable area is 4,315 m². The office space (excluding the restaurant floor) is designed for 330 employees.

The two-storey basement has a bunker for 2,000 people, which is equipped with an air filter, storage room, kitchens, washrooms, lock system and a 200 m deep well for an independent water supply, which should allow a stay of at least 30 days. The emergency power generator ensures the power supply even without the bunker being occupied. This is the first public protection facility that was built in Hamburg after the war ; the Federal Ministry of the Interior provided the costs for the expansion as a bunker . The common area is normally used as an underground car park for 52 cars.

history

Planning and shareholders

With Finland's exports to the Federal Republic rising steadily at the time, the German representative of the Finnish paper industry came up with the idea of ​​a house in 1956 that would “advertise Finland in an exposed location”. The current location was already under discussion at that time, but it was only finally decided with the new development plan for the esplanade , which provided for three point high-rise buildings and the construction of an elevated road instead of the listed, closed, classicist development. Sixteen larger Finnish companies founded Finland House GmbH on May 10, 1961 , which acquired the property and granted building contractors Robert Vogel and Anna M. M. Vogel a heritable building right for 50 years.

The Finland GmbH was charged with a capital of 2.3 million DM at that time in the on 14 September 2001 and Finland GmbH Co. KG converted and finally dissolved on 28 October of 2003. Robert Vogel GmbH sold the Finland house in April 2012 to the entrepreneur Dieter Becken , who renovated it in 2016/17 and replaced the "Finland house" with "BECKEN". Becken Holding GmbH has occupied the top five floors since then.

construction

The design comes from HPP Hentrich-Petschnigg & Partner KG ( Helmut Hentrich (1905–2001), Hubert Petschnigg (1913–1997)) and Fritz Rafeiner from the Hamburg planning office. The civil engineers were Fritz Leonhardt (1909–1999), Wolfhardt Andrä , Kuno Boll and FJ Wegner . The engineer was farther from the office Leonhardt und Andra structural -expert Jörg Schlaich involved. The client was Anna M. M. Vogel.

Planning began in 1961. In 1963, for the construction of the house, the monument protection for the previous buildings Esplanade 41, 42, 43 (built 1827–30 by master builder Carl Ludwig Wimmel ) was lifted and these were demolished. Construction began in 1964. The planned building costs were given as eight million marks, 5.5 million of which were pure construction costs. The actual construction costs were 6.06 million DM.

The design of the Finland House envisaged an unusual statics : Usually high-rise buildings were built in the 1960s in a frame construction, with an access core bearing the central loads in the middle , which is supported on the edge - in the case of wide buildings also in the grid in between - by concrete stands. The skeleton is then enclosed by a curtain wall (curtain wall) . Apart from the access core, the Finland House has no load-bearing elements that transfer loads into the ground. In addition to the efficient production of the core, this has the advantage that the usual opening for the entrance area does not have to be done by transferring girder loads via crossbeams. The vertical girders on which the projectiles hang are only subjected to tension and do not have to be designed to prevent dents .

First the central square access core (with staircase, three elevators and the supply lines) made of reinforced concrete was built up to the current building height. A formwork platform timbered on the floor was raised to this and the top floor was concreted with eight prestressed cantilever arms . Twelve downward tapering steel hangers were attached to these, which extend to the level of the lowest floor. The floor slabs were then built from top to bottom on the working platform, which was moving downwards, and fixed in a suspended manner. This construction method has never been used in Germany before. The top floor was completed in October 1965 and the topping-out ceremony was held on April 30, 1966 .

The coat of arms of Finland was painted repeatedly and accurately on the site fence . At the same time as the Finland House, the IBM high-rise was built a good kilometer away (also by Anna M. M. Vogel). The press reported on the "race" between the two buildings, which the Finland House won.

The earlier lettering above the entrance (until 2016)

Initially, the Finnish national coat of arms was emblazoned at the main entrance , but today the Finland House lettering can be seen above the door portal instead . In 1980 the windows were fitted with insulating glass and the facade panels were thermally insulated. The facade and the elevators were partially renewed around 1987. In addition to the elevators, the upper floors are connected by only one staircase. On February 12, 1988, four foldable textile emergency slides were permanently installed on the eighth floor (approx. 35 m above ground) , which can be folded out on the outside of the building in an emergency. The unusual exit is practiced annually.

The Finland House stands as a monument since 2002 under monument protection , and was renovated 2016/17.

use

After its completion, the Finland House went to Frankfurter Finland House GmbH , later to Robert Vogel KG . In addition to the Finnish Consulate General, it initially also housed offices of Finnair (EG) and other Finnish companies, and on the top floor the restaurant in the Finland House (→  below ). The former mayor of Hamburg, Edgar Engelhard , had his business consultancy office there. In 1992 a car dealership set up a showroom for Rolls-Royce , Bentley and Aston Martin .

Today, apart from the Consulate General, only the offices of UPM-Kymmene have a direct link to Finland. Other users today are u. a. a law firm, an auditing company and a business consultancy office.

Restaurant in the Finland House

The restaurant in the Finland House opened on January 12, 1967 on the twelfth floor. The tables were arranged on the east and part of the south side and offered space for 77 guests. The gastronomy couple Rose and Dieter Pauly served Finnish specialties . In 1980 Jürgen Schlotter took over the restaurant. Chefs were u. a. Hans-Jürgen Siemonsen (1972), Bernard Ponson (1992). In 1996 the restaurant was closed; the space is now used as office space (→ Fig.).

Location

Esplanade 41, 20354 Hamburg

The building is on the northwest corner of Esplanade and Alsterufer, near the Lombard bridge , the outer and inner Alster separates. It can be seen well on the left-hand side just 25 m away as you drive past the long-distance train just before Dammtor station .

The Burmah high-rise building 70 meters to the west, completed in 1959, was also built according to plans by HPP Hentrich-Petschnigg & Partner KG .

In 2018, the owner of the Finland House , Dieter Becken , built a 15-storey high-rise, the Esplanade XL , on the neighboring property (Esplanade 40) . The total area of ​​6,310 m² was rented to offices.

Architectural references

Astraturm in Hamburg
(the three ground floors have already been demolished)
Olivetti Towers in Frankfurt
Dhat El Emad towers in Tripoli
(→  further images )

As early as 1970, Carl-Friedrich Fischer and Horst von Bassewitz erected the 50-meter-high Astra Tower in Hamburg, a building of almost identical shape - the distinctive shape was supposed to allude to a Pilstulpe in the sense of the commissioning Bavaria-St.Pauli-Brewery . It was demolished in 2006 because it was feared that the buildings planned in the immediate vicinity would impair the foundation of the Astra tower. The 60-meter-high New Astra Tower stands in the same place today . The building, designed by the architects KSP Engel und Zimmermann , only hints at the earlier shape through a constriction in the facade of the third floor.

In 1972 the two Olivetti towers designed by Egon Eiermann were completed in Frankfurt with over-high access cores and an attached staircase. The 57 meter high tower II is largely free.

The five Dhat-El-Emad towers built in 1990 in the Central Business District in Tripoli are very similar in shape to the Finland House . The transition from the core to the lowest storey is not so abrupt due to the diagonal reinforcement and suggests that the towers were not erected as a suspended construction.

Architecturally comparable in the broadest sense are the 46-meter-high Bierpinsel in Berlin-Steglitz and the EDF-GDF tour in Cergy near Paris.

Other Finland houses

Finland houses as a collection of companies and cultural institutions with a Finnish connection can be found worldwide (e.g. the 130 meter high Finland House in New York City , built in 1997 ).

In October 2009 the Prime Ministers of Finland Matti Vanhanen and Russia's Vladimir Putin inaugurated the Finland House in St. Petersburg . Business enterprises, cultural and educational institutions are housed in the three buildings.

Additional information

  • South side with entrance

  • Memorial plaque in the stairwell

literature

  • Fritz Rafeiner: Finland House Hamburg . Callwey, Munich 1968.
  • Kuno Boll: They build and research: civil engineers and their work . In: Beton- und Stahlbetonbau , Volume 86, No. 11 (November 1991), ISSN  0005-9900 , pp. 276–281.

Web links

Commons : Finland House  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Finland House , Structurae
  2. ↑ a b Finland House , SkyscraperPage.com
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Fritz Rafeiner: Finland House Hamburg . Munich 1968
  4. ↑ Tenant asks: What should I do with my bunker? ( Memento of the original from February 21, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF) In: Hamburger Abendblatt , July 21, 1967  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.abendblatt.de
  5. ↑ a b Warm dress for the Finland house . ( Memento of the original from February 21, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF) In: Hamburger Abendblatt , December 3, 1979  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.abendblatt.de
  6. ↑ Entries on FINNLANDHAUS limited liability company , HRB 9475, Hamburg Local Court and FINNLANDHAUS GmbH & Co. KG , HRA 96245, Hamburg Local Court . In: Electronic Federal Gazette .
  7. ^ Hamburg: Becken buys Finland house from Robert Vogel In: Thomas Daily News, April 11, 2012
  8. ↑ Project developer Dieter Becken buys the Finland house In: Hamburger Abendblatt , April 23, 2012
  9. ^ A b Alan Holgate: The art of structural engineering: the work of Jörg Schlaich and his team . Menges, Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-930698-67-6 , pp. 246-247 .
  10. ↑ Second skyscraper on the Esplanade . ( Memento of the original from February 21, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF) In: Hamburger Abendblatt , August 22, 1963  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.abendblatt.de
  11. ↑ a b The Finland House s.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Embassy of Finland, Berlin; Consulate General of Finland, Hamburg, December 17, 2007@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.finnland.de  
  12. ↑ High-rise construction - sometimes the other way around . In: Der Spiegel . No. 42 , 1964 ( online ).
  13. ↑ Finland House did it . ( Memento of the original from February 21, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF) In: Hamburger Abendblatt , April 7, 1966  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.abendblatt.de
  14. ↑ Rescue from the skyscraper . [W] for knowledge, July 13, 2008
  15. ↑ Happy New Year - Finns are practicing evacuation . In: Hamburger Abendblatt , September 10, 2005
  16. ↑ Hamburg Monument Protection Office (ed.): List of monuments of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg, as of April 13, 2010 (Pdf; 915 kB) ( Memento from June 27, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 915 kB) , as of March 23, 2009. List of monuments no. 1326, p. 64.
  17. ↑ Style icon shines in new splendor. , Ingenieurbüro Binnewies, July 16, 2018
  18. ↑ a b Restaurant opened on the Finland House . ( Memento of the original from February 21, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF) In: Hamburger Abendblatt , January 12, 1967  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.abendblatt.de
  19. ↑ Anniversary in Finnish: elk, cocktail and champagne . ( Memento of the original from February 21, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF) In: Hamburger Abendblatt , January 13, 1987  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.abendblatt.de
  20. ↑ Finland House . emporis.com
  21. ↑ Finland House opened in St. Petersburg . ( Memento of the original from March 22, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: St. Petersburg Herald , October 30, 2009  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.spzeitung.ru

Coordinates: 53 ° 33 ′ 29.1 ″  N , 9 ° 59 ′ 33.9 ″  E