Flavoparmelia caperata
Flavoparmelia caperata | ||||||||||||
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Flavoparmelia caperata |
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Flavoparmelia caperata | ||||||||||||
( L. ) Hale |
Flavoparmelia caperata ( Syn .: Parmelia caperata ), also known as caperate lichen , is a large type of leaf lichen that mainly grows on tree bark. The epithet is derived from the Latin "caperatus" (wrinkled).
description
The caperate lichen has a large-lobed thallus that is yellowish-green to gray-green on top. The diameter of the rosette or irregular bearing can reach up to 20 cm, the bearing tabs are rounded and up to 10 mm wide. The lichen has point-like, granular flecksorals , which can also cover larger areas, especially in the wavy, wrinkled center of the bed. Underneath it is black with rhizines , on the edge with an approximately 2 mm wide brown, rhizine-free zone. Fruit bodies ( apothecia ) are rare.
There is a particular possibility of confusion with the Flavoparmelia soredians, which has apparently only been immigrating from the west into northwestern Germany since the 1990s (which, however, has smaller lobes and finer-grained soredia, and is also more closely attached to the substrate).
Location and distribution
The caperate lichen mainly colonizes moderately to clearly acidic bark of free-standing deciduous trees (partly over moss), more rarely also silicate rock. In Europe it can be found from southern Scandinavia to the Mediterranean area. Because of its high sensitivity to acidic air pollutants , it has often declined sharply in the lower areas, in particular as a result of flue gas desulphurisation it is now becoming more common again. Like many other types of lichen, it is therefore a bio-indicator for air pollution. In addition, Flavoparmelia caperata is also used to monitor local climate changes using lichen mapping .
Others
The bryological-lichenological working group for Central Europe named the caperate lichen as lichen of the year 2006
literature
- Bruno P. Kremer, Hermann Muhle: lichens, mosses, ferns . Mosaik Verl., Munich 1991, p. 30, ISBN 3-570-6652-5 , correct ISBN 3-570-06652-5 .
- Volkmar Wirth: Lichen flora . E. Ulmer, Stuttgart 1980, p. 377, ISBN 3-8001-2452-1 .
- Volkmar Wirth, Ruprecht Düll : Color Atlas of Lichen and Moss. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3517-5 , p. 70.
Web links
- Entry Index Fungorum
- Description at nabu.de
- Images and brief description, Alan Silverside's Lichen Pages (Engl.)
- Picture and brief description, U. Kirschbaum (Engl.)
Individual evidence
- ↑ VDI 3957 sheet 20: 2017-07 Biological measurement methods for determining and assessing the effects of air pollution (biomonitoring); Mapping of lichens to determine the effect of local climate changes (Biological measuring techniques for the determination and evaluation of effects of air pollutants (biomonitoring); Mapping of lichens to indicate local climate change). Beuth Verlag, Berlin, p. 27.