Friendship treaty of Hanover

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Treaties during the Great Northern War (1699–1721).

The friendship treaty of Hanover of July 3, 1710 between the Russian Czarism and the Electorate of Hanover was the first binding contract between Hanover and a member of the Nordic Alliance.

As a result, Hanover abandoned its course of neutrality and introduced diplomatic channels to its entry into the war against Sweden in the Great Northern War in 1715 .

background

Until the turn of the war as a result of the Battle of Poltava, Kurhannover maintained a strict neutrality towards those involved in the Great Northern War. Sweden got on the defensive and its possessions in northern Germany in acute danger. Hanover, for its part, was interested in Bremen-Verden and feared that Denmark would appropriate this property. In autumn 1709 the Hannoversche Hof gave Russia and its allies to understand that it was no longer averse to joining the Nordic Alliance . For this reason, the Russian envoy Prince Kurakin appeared in Hanover on November 22, 1709 to start negotiations for a friendship treaty.

On the Russian side, authorized representatives for the negotiations were: Prince Boris Ivanovich Kurakin , Colonel of the Guard and Chamberlain. Responsible for Hanover were: the secret council Andreas Gottlieb von Bernstorff , secret council and chamber president Friedrich Wilhelm von Görtz .

The signing followed on July 3, 1710 in Hanover , the Russian side ratified the treaty on October 18, 1710 by Peter I.

content

The contract consists of eight articles in German on six pages. The convention was concluded for a term of 12 years.

  • Mutual assistance,
  • no support from war opponents,
  • mutual information,
  • diplomatic exchange,
  • Offering troop support,
  • Maintaining neutrality in Northern Germany (Articles four and five),
  • Recording of meetings for support in the event of an attack.

consequences

On July 14, 1710, another friendship and defensive alliance between Hanover and Denmark followed.

The alliance treaty of Berlin (1715) with Denmark on May 2, 1715, the alliance treaty of Stettin with Prussia on May 30, 1715 and the alliance treaty of Greifswald on October 28, 1715 sealed the entry of Kurhannovers into the Nordic alliance .

literature

  • W. Guerrier : Leibniz in his relations with Russia and Peter the Great . M. & Voss, Leipzig 1873

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