George Henry Falkiner Nuttall
George Henry Falkiner Nuttall (born July 5, 1862 in San Francisco , † December 16, 1937 in London ) was a British biologist who has made a great contribution to the fields of parasitology and hygiene.
Life
Youth and education
George Henry Falkiner Nuttall was the second son of Robert Kennedy Nuttall (1815-1881), a doctor from Aberdeen, and Maria Magdalena Parrott Nuttall , née Parrott (1834-1911), from San Francisco. His older sister Zelia Maria Magdalena Nuttall (1857-1933) was an archaeologist and anthropologist . His father moved to Australia and later practiced as a doctor in San Francisco until 1865 . Then he returned to Europe . Nuttall received his basic training in Great Britain , France , Germany and Switzerland . From 1878 he studied in the United States at the University of California , where he received his doctorate in medicine and philosophy in 1884 .
Professional career
In 1885 Nuttall was appointed to Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore , where he worked with Henry Newell Martin . Nuttall lived in Germany from 1886 to 1890, first in Breslau (now Poland ) and then in Göttingen , where he became more and more interested in botany and zoology . In 1891 he returned to Baltimore, where he became an assistant under the pathologist Prof. William Henry Welch (1850-1934). Together they studied the gas production by Bacillus welchii , a rod- shaped bacterium .
In 1893 Nuttall returned to Europe and assisted Max Rubner (1854–1932) and Kurt Wolfgang Wolffhügel (1869–1951) at the Institute for Hygiene in Göttingen and Berlin . In 1895 he married Paula von Oertzen-Kittendorf (1873–1922).
In May 1899 he followed the request of Sir Thomas Clifford Allbutt (1836-1925) to give lectures on hygiene in medicine at the University of Cambridge , with which he also founded the Journal of Hygiene . With several other researchers he studied the history of malaria in Great Britain and the distribution of mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles . Based on his research and that of Sir Patrick Manson (1844-1922), he convinced the staff of the university in 1904 to establish the disciplines of hygiene and tropical medicine . In the same year he wrote the monograph Blood immunity and blood relationship , in which he analyzed the blood of 600 different animal species using immunoprecipitation . The possibilities that have been opened up are of particular benefit to phylogenesis and forensics .
In May 1906, Nuttall became a member of Christ Church College and began teaching. In October of the same year he established the chair of biology and became a member of Magdalene College . Research into the Protozoa and the diseases caused by them was also assigned to this chair . So Nuttall began together with Cecil Warburton (1854-1958) and Louis Edward Robinson to research the transmission of disease through mites . In 1908 he founded the journal Parasitology and was its director until 1933. During the First World War , he placed particular emphasis on research into lice . Because of the poor research conditions, he asked for funds to set up an institute for parasitology . He received an extremely generous donation from the Molteno family ( Percy Alport Molteno , 1861-1937) and founded the Molteno Institute of Biology and Parasitology for parasitological research, which was officially opened in 1921. In 1931 he handed over his chair to David Keilin (1887–1963) and became professor emeritus.
Awards
He has received awards from several universities. In 1904 he was accepted as a member (" Fellow ") in the Royal Society . He received the Order of the Crown from King Leopold II of Belgium and was appointed commander of the French Legion of Honor . In 1919 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences . In 1933 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina .
Bibliography (excerpt)
Nuttall published over 200 publications.
Works
- George HF Nuttall: Contributions to the knowledge of immunity. Goettingen 1890.
- George HF Nuttall et al .: Blood immunity and blood relationship. Cambridge 1904.
- George HF Nuttall: Canine piroplasmosis. Cambridge 1904-07.
- George HF Nuttall et al .: The bacteriology of diphtheria. Cambridge 1908-13.
- George HF Nuttall et al .: Ticks. Cambridge 1908-26.
Contributions
- George HF Nuttall: On the role of insects, arachnids, and myriapods as carriers in the spread of bacterial and parasitic diseases of man and animals. In: Johns Hopkins Hospital Reports. Volume 8: 1/2, Baltimore 1899.
- George HF Nuttall: The Poisons Given Off by Parasitic Worms in Man and Animals. In: The American Naturalist. Volume 33, Chicago 1899. ISSN 0003-0147
- George HF Nuttall: On the Formation of Specific Anti-Bodies in the Blood. In: The American Naturalist. Volume 35, Chicago 1901. ISSN 0003-0147
- George HF Nuttall: Combating lousiness among soldiers and civilians. In: Parasitology. Volume 10: 4, Cambridge 1918. ISSN 0031-1820
- George HF Nuttall: Symbiosis in Animals and Plants. In: The American Naturalist. Volume 57, Chicago 1923. ISSN 0003-0147
literature
- George S. Graham-Smith, D. Keilin: George Henry Falkiner Nuttall 1862-1937 . In: Parasitol , 30 (4), 1938/39, pp. 403-418.
- James E. Keirans: George Henry Falkiner Nuttall and the Nuttall tick catalog . In: Agric Res Serv Miscell Publ , 1984/85, p. 1438.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ entry on Nuttall; George Henry Falkiner (1862-1937) in the Archives of the Royal Society , London
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Nuttall, George Henry Falkiner |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | British biologist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | July 5, 1862 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | San Francisco |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 16, 1937 |
| Place of death | London |