George W. Corner

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George W Corner (1935)

George Washington Corner (born December 12, 1889 in Baltimore , Maryland , † September 28, 1981 in Huntsville , Alabama ) was an American anatomist and embryologist .

Corner received the Passano Award in 1958 for his "long and outstanding career as a researcher, university professor, medical historian and philosopher of science " .

Live and act

Corner earned an MD from Johns Hopkins University in 1913 with a medical degree. His lecturers included Florence R. Sabin and Herbert Evans . Corner came into contact with medical history as a student . After graduation, he worked as an assistant in anatomy at Franklin P. Mall .

When Evans moved to the Medical School of California in 1915 , Corner got a first position there as an assistant professor of anatomy, studying the anatomy and physiology of the female reproductive system in rodents . Corner then worked at Howard Atwood Kelly as an intern in gynecology . In 1919 Corner was under Lewis Weed Associate Professor at Johns Hopkins University , where he continued his studies of the function of the corpus luteum and changes in the uterus during the sexual cycle (in sows ) and also dealt with the menstrual cycle in rhesus monkeys . For the first time, the transport of the egg through the fallopian tube and the occurrence of anovulatory cycles could be demonstrated. In 1923, Corner received a full professorship at the Rochester School of Medicine , which was in the process of being established , but spent most of 1923 and 1924 in Europe, including with Ernest Starling in England and with G. Schaeffer at the University of Strasbourg . Corner stayed at the Rochester School of Medicine for 18 years.

His other achievements included isolating progesterone , discovering the effects of anterior pituitary extract on lactation, and developing a theory of hormonal control of the menstrual cycle. According to Corner and his student Willard Myron Allen , who worked as a research follow at the Corners Institute of Anatomy from 1927 to 1929 , who in 1928 demonstrated the specific effect of the yellow body extracts produced by them on the endometrium of sexually mature rabbits, the Corner Allen unit (Corner Allen unit ) (Corner and Allen rabbit unit , rabbit unit , called) named a measure of the progesterone-like effect of substances. Building on this, by December 1928 at the latest, they developed the biological endometrial gestagen test ( Corner Allen test ) named after George W. Corner and William M. Allen .

In 1940, Corner took over the management of the Department of Embryology at the Carnegie Institution of Washington in Baltimore, where important work on the description of embryonic development in primates and humans was done under his leadership . Corner's own work dealt with a. with complete and incomplete division of identical twins and the hormonal control of the uterus as a muscle. During all of his academic stations, Corner held anatomical lectures as well as lectures on the history of medicine, just as he published medical-historical writings. 1952/1953 Corner had a visiting professorship at Oxford University . From 1953 to 1957 he was Vice President of the American Philosophical Society . In 1955, Corner moved to the Rockefeller Institute (now Rockefeller University ) in New York City to put the facility's 50-year history into book form. In 1960, Corner became President of the American Philosophical Society in Philadelphia . In 1977 he retired.

Corner was married to Betsy Lyon Copping since 1915. The couple had two children.

Awards (selection)

Fonts (selection)

  • Anatomical Texts of the Earlier Middle Ages. Washington, 1927
  • with Willard Myron Allen: Physiology of the corpus luteum, II: Production of a special uterine reaction (progestational proliferation) by extracts of the corpus luteum. In: American Journal of Physiology. Volume 88, 1929, pp. 326-339
  • Anatomy. Clio Medica Series, New York, 1930
  • Attaining Manhood: A Doctor Talks to Boys about Sex. New York, 1938
  • Attaining Womanhood: A Doctor Talks to Girls about Sex. New York, 1939
  • Ourselves Unborn. New Haven, 1941
  • The Hormones in Human Reproduction. Princeton, 1942
  • Anatomist at Large: An Autobiography and Selected Essays. New York: Basic Books, 1958.
  • Two Centuries of Medical Education. Philadelphia, 1965
  • The Seven Ages of a Medical Scientist: An Autobiography. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1981.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Recipients of the Passano Laureate and Physician Scientist Awards. In: passanofoundation.org. Accessed April 14, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Hans Heinz Simmer , Jochen Suss: The gestagen test on infantile rabbits. The invention of Willard M. Allen and its application by Carl Clauberg. A contribution to the problem of eponyms. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 13, 1995, pp. 399-416.
  3. ↑ George Washington Corner, Willard Myron Allen: Physiology of the corpus luteum, II: Production of a special uterine reaction (progestational proliferation) by extracts of the corpus luteum. In: American Journal of Physiology. Volume 88, 1929, pp. 326-339.
  4. ^ Corner-Allen unit at whonamedit.com; Retrieved August 9, 2012
  5. ↑ Hans Heinz Simmer, Jochen Suss: The gestagen test on infantile rabbits. The invention of Willard M. Allen and its application by Carl Clauberg. A contribution to the problem of eponyms. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 13, 1995, pp. 399-416; here: pp. 399–401.
  6. ↑ Hans Heinz Simmer, Jochen Süss: The Corner Allen Test. The development of a specific semi-quantitative biological detection method for the corpus luteum hormone (progesterone). In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 17, 1998, pp. 291-313.
  7. ↑ George W. Corner at the American Philosophical Society (amphilsoc.org); Retrieved August 9, 2012
  8. ^ Fellows Directory. Biographical Index: Former RSE Fellows 1783–2002. Royal Society of Edinburgh, accessed October 18, 2019 .
  9. ↑ Fellows 1660-2007 (PDF, 1.0 MB) of the Royal Society (royalsociety.org); Retrieved August 11, 2012
  10. ↑ Book of Members 1780 – present (PDF, 274 kB) at the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (amacad.org); Retrieved August 9, 2012
personal data
SURNAME Corner, George W.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Corner, George; Corner, George Washington
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American anatomist and embryologist
DATE OF BIRTH December 12, 1889
PLACE OF BIRTH Baltimore , Maryland
DATE OF DEATH September 28, 1981
Place of death Huntsville, Alabama