Geschwenda
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Geschwenda
Rural community of Geratal
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| Height : | 478 m |
| Area : | 5.88 km² |
| Residents : | 1979 (December 31, 2017) |
| Population density : | 337 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 2019 |
| Postal code : | 99331 |
| Area code : | 036205 |
Geschwenda is a district of the rural community Geratal in the Ilm district in Thuringia . It is located northwest of Ilmenau directly on the federal highway 71 and the federal highway 88 . In the local dialect the place is called Schwäng for short .
geography
Geschwenda is located on the northern slope of the Thuringian Forest at an altitude of about 470 m. The place is traversed by the Wirrbach , a tributary of the Zahmer Gera . To the west of Geschwenda lies the Alte Burg , a 635 meter high mountain after which an 874 meter long tunnel on the A71 is named. To the south lies the unforested, 496 m high Geschwendaer Berg . To the north is the 524 m high Kammberg , which is also unforested .
Neighboring places
Clockwise, starting in the north: Liebenstein , Angelroda , Geraberg , Gräfenroda
history
On the Dörrberg southwest of Geschwenda there was the Alteburg (also called robbery castle ) a base for controlling and securing the trade route between Geraberg and the Thuringian Forest over the Schmücke pass . The castle dates from the 12th century. At the beginning of the 20th century, the buildings and walls were largely removed.
The place was first mentioned in 1302 in the spelling Gyswende . At that time, Count Günther von Käfernburg gave the Abbot von Hersfeld and received him back as a fief. At that time the name was still "Gyswenda". One interpretation derives this place name from "schwenden". A "Geschwende" is a piece of land gained by burning down the wood - in contrast to clearing the forest. The local coat of arms shows a fir tree with flames breaking out of its roots.
The owners of the manor were from time immemorial until 1729 the lords of Lichtenberg, from 1729 to 1740 the lords of Plassenberg, from 1740 to 1760 the lord von Röder, Princely Württemberg privy councilor, burgrave and hereditary stable master. His son sold it to the Baron von Belmont in 1760 . After their extinction, the place belonged from 1829 to 1920 to the Schwarzburg-Sondershäuser Amt Arnstadt in the supremacy . The place was a Schwarzburg exclave because it was separated from the rest of the Schwarzburg area.
Geschwenda was in 1887 with 1259 inhabitants the largest village in the Schwarzburg special houses suzerainty . From 1920 to 1952 it belonged to the Arnstadt district , from 1952 to 1994 to the Ilmenau district and since 1994 to the Ilm district . In 1993 Geschwenda joined the Upper Geratal administrative community based in Graefenroda . With the dissolution of this on January 1, 2019 Geschwenda became a district of Geratal.
Population development
Development of the population:
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Data source: from 1994 Thuringian State Office for Statistics - values from December 31st
politics
(District) mayor and district council
The district mayor of Geschwenda is Berg Heyer (FWG). Together with eight other members, it forms the local council. Heyer was elected honorary mayor of the then still independent municipality on June 5, 2016, after the incorporation in Geratal he will hold the office of local mayor for the rest of his term of office. Before that, Ralf Groteloh (FWG) was the honorary mayor of Geschwenda from 1994 to 2016.
Partnerships
A partnership agreement with the Diemelsee municipality in Hesse has existed since November 3, 1990 . Further partnerships have existed since October 14, 2006 with the municipality of Belgentier in the south of France and since November 11, 2010 with the municipality of Ringmer in southern England.
Culture and sights
Geschwenda has a historic town center with slate-clad houses typical of the Thuringian Forest region. The late Baroque village church of St. Nikolai, built from 1741 onwards, is striking in the center of the village .
School history
In 1743 the newly built church tower hit the school next to it and destroyed the school building. In 1886 a new school building was built opposite the church, which is now the medical center. A new school was built in 1904, and in the period of inflation at the beginning of the 1920s, it was given a further four-room side wing. The lack of classrooms was remedied in 1985 by the extension of the school building with a further six classrooms and the sanitary area.
As part of an action of the EU program “SOCRATES”, partnerships exist between today's Geschwenda State Primary School and schools in Belgium, Denmark, Northern Ireland and England.
Economy and Transport
Geschwenda is an economically strong place that owns several supraregional companies with the companies KHW Kunststoff- und Holzververarbeitungwerk GmbH , Stahl- und Förderanlagenbau GmbH , the listed company Geratherm , Umweltsensortechnik GmbH and numerous other companies. South of the village, directly on the A71, is the Geschwendas industrial park, where many medium-sized companies have settled.
Geschwenda has had a bypass since 2004 , on which the B 88 Ilmenau - Gotha runs. There is also the 235 meter long, 40 meter high Wirrbachtal bridge . About two kilometers to the south is the A 71 exit at Gräfenroda . There is also a road to Angelroda . Geschwenda never had a rail connection, but the Dörrberg stop on the Neudietendorf – Ritschenhausen railway line is only about 1.5 km west of the village.
Personalities who have worked on site
- Gottfried Heinrich Krohne (1703–1756), master builder and architect of the Nikolaikirche
- Franz Knappe (1921–2017), ski jumper
Others
Because of the poor agricultural yields, farmers from neighboring communities once thought of the mocking verse: “In Geschwende bread has an end” and put it into circulation. With the stormy industrialization of recent years, the situation has turned into the opposite.
literature
- Archeology and history of Geschwenda in Schwarzburg. Festschrift for the 700th anniversary of the first mention . Thüringer Chronik-Verlag, HE Müllerott, Arnstadt 2002, p. 68 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Michael Köhler: Thuringian castles and fortified prehistoric and early historical living spaces. Jenzig-Verlag, 2001, ISBN 3-910141-43-9 , pp. 205/206.
- ↑ Thuringian Law and Ordinance Gazette No. 14/2018 p. 795 ff. , Accessed on January 1, 2019
- ^ Source for Schwarzburgische and Saxon places: Johann Friedrich Kratzsch : Lexicon of all localities of the German federal states . Naumburg, 1843. Available online from Google Books . Source for Prussian places: Handbook of the Province of Saxony. Magdeburg, 1843. Available online at Google Books
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Population figures. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Population development since 1989 (TLUG) ( Memento from October 29, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 18 kB)
- ↑ Municipality of Geratal: Official Journal, Volume 1, No. 12-14 June 2019, accessed on 30 August 2019 .
- ^ Thuringian State Office for Statistics: Elections in Thuringia, mayoral elections in Geschwenda. Retrieved August 30, 2019 .
- ↑ Hartmut Ellrich (et al.): Between Hörsel and Wilder Gera . Wartburg-Verlag, Weimar 2005, ISBN 3-86160-167-2 , p. 42 .
