Giuseppe Garampi

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Giuseppe Garampi as cardinal

Giuseppe Garampi (born October 29, 1725 in Rimini , † May 4, 1792 in Rome ) was a cardinal of the Roman Church and historian . As a member of the Curia , he fought enlightened absolutism and the French Revolution .

Life

Giuseppe Garampi was the descendant of an Italian noble family . Thanks to his father's connections, he had contact with the Archbishop of Bologna Prospero Lambertini at a young age . He became Pope in 1740 and chose the name Benedict XIV. His pontificate lasted until 1758.

From 1751 Giuseppe Garampi held the first offices within the Roman Curia. From 1761 to 1763 and again in 1764 (here together with the Apostolic Nuncio Niccolò Oddi ) the priest undertook two major trips on behalf of the Pope, which took him to Switzerland, southern and western Germany, as well as Holland and France. He left interesting travel records, parts of which have been published several times. The historian Friedrich von Weech published extracts of the writings relating to the south-west of Germany in 1898 under the title Roman prelates on the German Rhine .

On January 27, 1772 Garampi was appointed Titular Archbishop of Berytus appointed on February 9, 1772 gave him Lazzaro Opizio Cardinal Pallavicino the episcopal ordination . From 1772 he was apostolic nuncio in Poland and from 1776 in Vienna . On May 20, 1776 Pope Pius VI awarded him . the personal title of Archbishop pro hac vice and he received the exemte Montecassino Abbey . On February 14, 1785 he was elevated to cardinal priesthood, which was a common distinction for long-serving nuncios of his time, his titular church from April 3, 1786 was Santi Giovanni e Paolo in Rome.

effect

What made Garampi stand out was the fact that he had very extensive correspondence with influential and learned personalities across Europe. As a historian, he was prefect of the archives of Saint Peter from 1752 and responsible for the archives of Castel Sant'Angelo from 1759 . Today historians see him as one of the most influential theorists at the Curia; Volker Reinhardt described him as the most eloquent intellectual in the Church's Senate at the time . He played an influential role during the pontificate of Pius VI. to. His views have shaped numerous writings that were issued during this time. He had a great influence on the breve of Pius VI. of March 10, 1791, which opposed the French civil constitution of the clergy . As Bishop of Montefiascone and Corneto , he was particularly committed to caring for the poor and strengthening religious instruction.

When half of his library of around 30,000 to 40,000 volumes was up for sale after his death, the catalog of bookseller M. De Romans comprised five volumes; Among the works were publications by Catholic and Protestant authors as well as those of the most outstanding journalists of the Enlightenment, the Encyclopédie and the works of Jean Jacques Rousseau , François-Marie Arouet de Voltaire , Charles de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu and Guillaume Thomas François Raynal .

literature

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ Bibliothecae Josephi Garampi Cardinalis Catalogus. 3 volumes. Rome 1796.
personal data
SURNAME Garampi, Giuseppe
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian clergyman, cardinal and historian
DATE OF BIRTH October 29, 1725
PLACE OF BIRTH Rimini
DATE OF DEATH May 4, 1792
Place of death Rome