Titular Archbishopric of Berytus

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Berytus ( Italian : Berito ) is a titular archbishopric of the Roman Catholic Church . It goes back to a late antique bishopric in the city of Beirut (then called Berytus) in the Roman province of Syria Phoenice or in the late antique Phoenice ( bishopric Berytus ). With the conquest of Beirut by the Arabs in 635, this bishopric was destroyed. In 1110 Beirut was conquered by the Crusaders and the diocese was re-established. In 1291 this episcopal see also went under with the conquest of Beirut by the Muslim Mamelukes . In the further course of history further bishops were appointed, but they were only titular bishops. The titular bishopric of Berytus was elevated to titular archbishopric in the 18th century.

history

Beirut became a bishopric at the end of the 3rd century. In the late antique church organization the bishop was a suffragan of the archbishop in Tire. The Archdiocese of Tire was part of the Patriarchate of Antioch. With the conquest of Syria and Palestine by the Arabs in 635, the bishopric in Beirut went under.

List of the bishops of the late antique / early medieval diocese of Berytus

  • until 317 Eusebius (Arian), was 318 bishop of Nicomedia, 338/39 bishop of Constantinople
  • after 317 to (325) Gregorius (Arian)
  • 343 to Machedonius
  • 381 (to 378?) Timothy
  • 449 to 451 Eustathius
  • 458 Aristus
  • 5th century Joannes
  • 535 Thalassius

The Latin bishopric

On May 13, 1110, after a three-month siege, Beirut was conquered by King Baldwin I of Jerusalem. He installed Baldwin of Boulogne as the first Latin bishop. The newly established bishopric of Beirut was in turn subordinated to the Archdiocese of Tire, which in turn belonged to the Patriarchate of Antioch. The new bishop initially received no papal confirmation and remained electus until 1133 . In addition, the Archbishopric of Tire was not conquered until 1124. It was not until 1133 that Baldwin of Boulogne was ordained first bishop by Patriarch William of Jerusalem.

Before 1122 the then Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem Warmund had appointed a certain Odo as (titular) Archbishop of Tire, who however died before the conquest of Tire. This was followed by a vacancy. It was not until 1127 or 1128 that Patriarch Warmund consecrated the prior of the Canons of the Holy Sepulcher William as the new Archbishop of Tire. Up until that time, the Archdiocese of Tire and its churches were administered more badly than right by the Patriarch of Jerusalem and his officials, as William of Tire wrote in his History of the Holy Land.

The Bishop of Beirut and the Archbishop were formally subordinate to the Patriarch of Antioch, but had been installed by the Patriarch of Jerusalem. The Patriarch of Antioch naturally laid claim to the new archbishopric, but Patriarch William of Jerusalem obtained an arbitration award from Pope Honorius II that the ecclesiastical province of Tire should belong to the Patriarchate of Jerusalem. Innocent II even released the bishops of Gabula / Gibelet, Tripoli and Tortosa (the three northern bishoprics of Tire) from their oath of obedience to the Patriarch of Antioch; they were to obey the archbishop of Tire in the future. However, the reorganization of the Archdiocese of Tire did not prevail. The three northern bishops ultimately remained with the Patriarchate of Antioch. In the south, however, with the conquest of Baniyas, the ancient Caesarea Philippi, a fourth bishopric was added in 1140. The Archdiocese of Tire with its four suffragans was the most important archdiocese in the Patriarchate of Jerusalem.

After the Battle of Hattin in 1187, Saladin conquered Beirut. The city was recaptured by the Crusaders in 1197 and remained a bishopric until the Mamelukes under Shujai conquered Beirut in 1291. Then the bishop had to leave Beirut. The title was further awarded. The following bishops of Berytus / Beirut, whose diocese were now in partibus infidelium , officiated mostly in Europe as auxiliary bishops.

Bishops

  • 1110 to 1141 Balduin von Boulogne 1112 to 1123 = electus , only consecrated in 1123 (1111 A.)
  • 1146 John
  • 1147 1148 Wilhelm
  • 1156 to April 25, 1175 Mainardus
  • May 2, 1176 to September 13, 1180 Raimundus
  • April 22, 1182 to 1189/91 Odo
  • 1202, 1204 Markus, he consecrated the market church in Vorau on December 5th, 1202 in honor of St. Egidius
  • 1224 Philippe d'Yvré
  • 1245 Galerannus
  • before 1260 Stephanus, olim episcopo Beritensi abbate Bellimontis, fratre Stephano Bellimontis Cisterciensis ordinis
  • 1267 Bernardus
  • 1277 to 1283 Bartholomew
  • until 1291?
Titular Bishops of Berytus
Surname Office from to
Robertus before 1310
Matthias Auxiliary Bishop in Mainz 1325 1326
Peter 1345
Juan Auxiliary Bishop of Palencia (Spain) April 20, 1453
Jean de Falconet
(† 1460)
OFM, Auxiliary Bishop of Arras July 9, 1456 1460 (†)
Gabriel Abbiati OCist, Auxiliary Bishop of Novara (Italy) June 4, 1460 ?
Étienne Chassagné Auxiliary Bishop in Lyon September 1, 1465 ?
Gaspard / Caspar (Bolender?) 1465 to 1471 auxiliary bishop of Brixen, 1470 to 1481 auxiliary bishop in Constance 1465 1481
Libert from Broechem OFM, Auxiliary Bishop of Liège (Belgium) December 10, 1470 ?
Pedro de Villalobos
(† 1487)
OESA, Auxiliary Bishop of Coria (Spain) July 12, 1475 1487
Diego de Saldanha
(† 1497)
OM, Auxiliary Bishop of Santiago de Compostela September 13, 1493 1497
Alfonso de Castilla OFM, Auxiliary Bishop of Santiago de Compostela July 14, 1497 ?
Vincent Mazuelo OP, auxiliary bishop in Auch (France) April 6, 1498 ?
Gilles Van Der Heyden (Merica)
(† February 5, 1505)
OCarm, Auxiliary Bishop of Cambrai (France) May 10, 1499 1503
Pierre de Monimo OP, auxiliary bishop of Auch December 11, 1500
García de Sahagún OM, Auxiliary Bishop of Cuenca (Spain) March 11, 1501 ?
Jean Briselot
(† September 11, 1520)
OCarm. 1505 Auxiliary Bishop of Cambrai , 1507 Abbot of the Hautmont Monastery near Meubeuge, 1517 Archbishop of Oristano (Sardinia) April 4, 1505 December 23, 1517 (until 1507?)
Juan Merton
(† 1534)
OESA, Auxiliary Bishop of Zaragoza (Spain) 1508 to 1534 September 6, 1508 (probably 1518) ?
Pierre Faget OFM, 1527 auxiliary bishop of Auch February 18, 1527 ?
Ferdinando de Cremona OFM July 10, 1531 ?
Petrus Farfeni
(† November 28, 1535)
OFM, Auxiliary Bishop of Taranto (Italy) 1516 until 1535
François Gaeta 1537 Auxiliary Bishop of Geneva (Switzerland) June 20, 1537 ?
Arnauld de Maytie
(† June 20, 1646)
1622 Bishop of Oloron January 15, 1618 October 1622
Andrés Garcia de Zurita
(* 1574, † August 2, 1652)
1648 coadjutor bishop of Ayacucho o Huamanga (Peru), 1649 bishop of Ayacucho o Huamanga, 1650 to 1652 bishop of Trujillo (Peru) February 10, 1648 1649
Pierre Lambert de la Motte
(born January 16, 1624, † June 15, 1679)
MEP , 1658 to 1669 Vicar Apostolic of Cochinchina ( Vietnam ) July 29, 1658 June 15, 1679
Joseph Duchesne November 24, 1681 ?
Manuel Torquemada
(* 1638)
OdeM , 1690 auxiliary bishop in Córdoba ( Spain ) July 10, 1690 (1694) (until 1696?)
Giovanni Francesco de Nicolai
(† December 27, 1737)
OFM 1696 to 1737 Vicar Apostolic of Houkouang ( China ), 1712 to 1737 Titular Archbishop of Myra October 20, 1696 April 20, 1712
Jacques Pescherard (religion name: Timotheus de la Fléche)
(* 1664, † June 11, 1744)
OFMCap , Coadjutor Bishop of Baghdad ( Ottoman Empire ) May 29, 1715 March 1744
Giovanni Francesco Odierna
(* 1643)
1684 Bishop of Bitetto (Italy), 1717 Bishop of Sulmona ( Italy ) March 17, 1727 ?

Titular Archbishopric of Berytus

The titular bishopric of Berytus was elevated to titular archbishopric in the 18th century. With the death of the last title holder Antônio Augusto de Assis , the titular archbishopric Beryt remained vacant.

Titular Archbishops of Berytus
Surname Office from to
Giuseppe Garampi
(born October 29, 1725, † May 4, 1792)
1751 Prefect of the Vatican Secret Archives , 1772 Apostolic Nuncio in Poland-Lithuania , 1776 Apostolic Nuncio in the Habsburg Monarchy , 1776 Archbishop (personal title) of Corneto and Montefiascone , 1786 Cardinal-Priest of Santi Giovanni e Paolo January 27, 1772 May 20, 1776
Joseph Vinci
(born July 27, 1736, † September 30, 1795)
1785 to 1795 Apostolic Nuncio in Switzerland April 11, 1785 September 30, 1795
Fabrizio Sceberras Testaferrata
(April 1, 1757, † August 3, 1843)
1803 Apostolic Nuncio in Switzerland, 1815 Secretary of the Congregation for Bishops , Cardinal-Priest of Santa Pudenziana , 1818 to 1843 Bishop of Senigallia (Italy) September 20, 1802 April 6, 1818
Luigi Emmanuele Nicolo Lambruschini
(* May 16, 1776, † May 12, 1854)
B , 1819 Archbishop of Genoa, 1826 to 1831 Apostolic Nuncio in France , 1830 the Archdiocese of Genoa resigned, 1832 Cardinal-Priest of San Callisto, 1842 Cardinal-Bishop of Sabina , 1847 Cardinal-Bishop of Porto-Santa Rufina July 5, 1830 February 24, 1832
Gabriele della Genga Sermattei
(* December 4, 1801, † February 10, 1861)
1834 Archbishop of Ferrara , 1836 Cardinal Priest of San Girolamo dei Croati , 1852 Prefect of the Congregation for Bishops, 1856 Prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Order of the Sacraments July 29, 1833 June 23, 1834
Camillo Di Pietro
(born January 10, 1806, † March 6, 1884)
1856 Apostolic Nuncio in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies / Apostolischer Internuntius in Portugal / Apostolic Nuncio in Portugal , 1859 Cardinal-Priest of San Giovanni a Porta Latina , 1863 Prefect of the Apostolic Signatura, 1867 Cardinal-Bishop of Albano , 1877 Cardinal-Bishop of Porto-Santa Rufina , 1878 Camerarius of the Apostolic Chamber, 1878 Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia and Velletri July 8, 1839 April 15, 1859
Manuel Teodoro del Valle Seoane
(born November 9, 1813, † October 16, 1888)
1865 Bishop of Huánuco (Peru), 1872 Archbishop of Lima ( Peru ) November 15, 1872 October 16, 1888 (†)
Hilarion-Joseph Montéty Pailhas C.M.
(January 29, 1854 - July 12, 1921)
Apostolic delegate in the Empire of Persia February 13, 1891 July 12, 1921 (†)
Antônio Augusto de Assis
(* December 5, 1863, † February 7, 1961)
1907 Auxiliary Bishop of Pouso Alegre (Brazil), 1907 Titular Bishop of Sura, 1909 Bishop of Pouso Alegre, 1916 Bishop of Guaxupé (Brazil), 1918 Auxiliary Bishop of Mariana ( Brazil ), Titular Bishop of Diocletianopolis in Palestine, July 31, 1931 Bishop of Jaboticabal Sao Paulo (Brazil) February 24, 1922 July 31, 1931

See also

literature

  • Reinhold Röhricht. Syria sacra. Journal of the German Palestine Association, 10: 1-48, 1887 JSTOR (PDF) (in the following abbreviated Röhricht, Syria sacra with corresponding page number)
  • Reinhold Röhricht: Regesta regni Hierosolymitani (1097 - 1291). Wagner, Innsbruck, 1893 (in the following abbreviated Röhricht, RRH with corresponding page number and certificate number)
  • Reinhold Röhricht: History of the Kingdom of Jerusalem (1100-1291). Verlag der Wagnerschen Universitäts-Buchhandlung, Innsbruck, 1898, p. 146, footnote
  • Reinhold Röhricht: Regesta regni Hierosolymitani (1097 - 1291). Addendum. Wagner, Innsbruck, 1904 (in the following abbreviated Röhricht, RRH, Add. With the corresponding page number and certificate number)

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d e f g Pius Bonifacius Gams: Series episcoporum ecclesiae catholicae. Georg Joseph Manz, Regensburg, 1873 Online at Google Books
  2. ^ Hanns Christof Brennecke, Uta Heil, Annette Stockhausen, Angelika Wintjes: Athanasius works. Volume 3, Part 1 Documents on the History of the Arian Controversy. 3. Delivery. Until the ecthesis macrostichos. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin & New York, 2007 ISBN 978-3-11-019104-2 , pp. 275-279: List of the signatures under the theological declaration of the "Eastern" Synod. Limited preview on Google Books
  3. ^ Röhricht, Regesta, p. 15, document number 69.
  4. a b c d e f g h i j Röhricht, Syria sacra, p. 23
  5. Paul Kalkoff: Wolfger von Passau, 1191-1204: an investigation into the historical value of his travel calculations; together with a contribution to Walther chronology. Inaugural dissertation on obtaining the degree of Philosophical Doctor at the Kaiser-Wilhelms-Universität Strasbourg, 149 p., Hof-Buchdruckerei, Weimar, 1882.
  6. ^ Ferdinand Hutz, On the history of the Vorauer Marktkirche in the Middle Ages. In: Journal of the Historisches Verein für Steiermark, 91/92: 329-361, 2001, p. 320.
  7. Bertrand Comte de Broussillon: Cartulaire de l'évêché du Mans (936-1790). Archives Historiques du Maine, 1: XV + 360 p., Mans 1900, p. 31.
  8. ^ H.-François Delaborde: Chartes de Terre Sante provenant de l'Abbaye de N.-D. de Josaphat. Ernest Thorin, Paris, 1880, app, p. 124
  9. ^ Röhricht, Regesta, p. 379, document number 1451.
  10. a b www.gcatholic.org
  11. a b Entry on Berytus on catholic-hierarchy.org
  12. ^ Röhricht, Syria sacra, p. 24
  13. ^ Stephan Alexander Würdtwein, Johann Wolf: Dioecesis Moguntina in Archidiaconatus Distincta Et Commentationibus ... Online at Google Books
  14. Giovanni Benedetto Mittarelli: Annales Camaldulenses ordinis Sancti Benedicti. Venice, 1760 Online at Google Books , p. 389.
  15. Hermann Tüchle: The auxiliary bishops (of the diocese of Constance). In: Franz Xaver Bischof et al. (Ed.): Helvetia Sacra, Division I, Volume 2, Archbishoprics and Dioceses II, Part 2, pp. 503-524, Helbing & Lichtenhahn Verlag, Basel 1993 ISBN 3-7190-1252-2 , p. 513.
  16. François Rabut: Obituaire des Frères Mineurs Conventuels de l'ordre de Chamberí di S. François. Précédé d'un résumé historique et accompagné de notes et tables. Mémoires et Documents publiés par la Société Savoisienne d'Histoire et d'Archéologie, 6: 3-113, Chambéry, 1862 Online on Google Books
  17. ^ Henri Naef: Les origines de la réforme à Genève. Librairie Alex. Jullien, Geneva, 1968 Online at Google Books
  18. Mémoires du Pere Timothée de la Flèche Capucin, Evêque de Berite. Joseph-Charles Chastagnier, Avignon 1774 Online at Google Books