Great Förste
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Great Förste
Community of Giesen
Coordinates: 52 ° 12 ′ 6 ″ N , 9 ° 54 ′ 56 ″ E
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| Area : | 3 km² |
| Residents : | 795 (Nov 2019) |
| Population density : | 265 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | March 1, 1974 |
| Postal code : | 31180 |
| Area code : | 05066 |
Groß Förste is a district of the municipality of Giesen and is located directly on the federal highway 6 between Hildesheim and Hanover .
history
In 1068 , Bishop Hezilo von Hildesheim transferred extensive property in Förste to the Moritzstift . The document names the cultivation of agricultural products such as poppy seeds and flax. The profitable agriculture and livestock husbandry (including fish) were probably the reason for Bishop Hartbert ( Bishop of Hildesheim 1199-1216 ) to acquire the forester "Meierding" again in 1201 and for the later construction of an episcopal mill on site.
Groß Förste was of particular importance economically and ecclesiastically. A document from Bishop Konrad II closes in 1240 with the words: “Acta sunt hec in Caminata nostra aput Vorsatum.” According to this, the Hildesheim bishop often stayed in his “permanent home” in Förste.
The place Groß Förste, which is also often handed down in documents as Vorste or Vorite , has been documented as the archdeacon's seat since 1360. From the place name it can be concluded that Groß Förste belonged to a number of settlements, the creation of which should have been completed by 300.
At the end of the 12th century, the archdeaconate Hildesheim St. Andreas was temporarily extended by the incorporation of the Förste ban; this is an indication that the Hildesheim archdeacon was temporarily the patron saint of the parish in Förste. At the Archdiakonatskirche St. Pankratius, whose existence is presumed to have been around 1000, a pastor can be found for the years 1236, 1240 and 1241.
While Klein Förste has belonged to the parish of St. Pankratius since the Middle Ages, the Hasede branch became an independent parish in 1892. However, the Catholics from the Klein Giesen parish were spun off from the Groß Förste parish after September 1, 1940, and the parish of St. Martin was formed. The St. Pankratius parish, whose patronage is first mentioned around 1360, was in the tax forest office in the High Middle Ages. The office had a decisive influence on the introduction of the Reformation into the diocese of Hildesheim, particularly through its Protestant owner Adolf von Holstein.
During the reign of Bishop Friedrich von Holstein (1521–1556), a brother of the Duke, the Reformation was introduced under the influence of the Guelph dukes in the parish of Groß Förste (see also Hildesheimer Stiftsfehde ). Only after the restitution of the Hildesheim monastery area in 1643 - or the "normal year determination" of 1624 in the Peace of Westphalia of 1648 - could the Cath. Religious relationships in Groß Förste are to be strengthened again. Previously, for over 70 years, Cath. and possible clergy fought over the pastor's position in Groß Förste. The denominational disputes often resulted from the biased work of the head of the tax forest office, which often in itself episcopal official affairs only after his denomination in favor of the Catholic. or possibly church decided. When at the end of the 16th century the ev. Bailiff Borgentreich was employed in the house of Steuerwald, the episcopal decrees to protect the cath. Religion not carried out in Förste. After the episcopal government had warned the incumbent to carry out his duty and asked the Lutherans to leave the community in accordance with the Augsburg Religious Peace of 1555, the denominational disputes were initially settled.
The last Lutheran predicant had to leave Groß Förste in 1643. He was followed by the Jesuit order in the occupation of the pastorate . After two years of activity, he was followed by Pastor Arnold Spiegel, who particularly lamented the structural condition of the former Archdeaconate Church of St. Pankratius. The structure of the church was so damaged that the baroque Pankratius Church had to be built from 1688 to 1696.
On November 26, 1661, the Hildesheim cathedral chapter appointed Martin Bever as pastor in Groß Förste. The Beverinische Scholarship Foundation and the library of the same name, today an important part of the Hildesheim Cathedral Library, go back to the establishment of the clergyman from Förste.
In addition to the political change as a result of secularization, there was also a structural change in economic life due to technical innovations in agriculture. The harvest yields of sugar beet, potatoes and grain secured the forester farmers their livelihood. The population growth associated with the mechanization of agriculture only had a limited effect in Groß Förste. According to a census for the Principality of Hildesheim , there were just 218 inhabitants in Groß Förste in 1785. In the absence of a suitable infrastructure, the products manufactured locally could only reach the consumer with great difficulty. Accordingly, there was no establishment of industrial companies there either. Only the local craft businesses that were necessary for agriculture could remain in Groß Förste.
In 1898 the new building of the schoolhouse was decided by the community and in 1902 the establishment of a social station by the order of the Vincentine Sisters was necessary. Since the development of the potash industry at the beginning of the 20th century, the rural social structure of the village had changed. In addition to farmers and artisans, working-class families now settled in Groß Förste. They found a job primarily in the “Siegfried” potash mine in Giesen. The construction of the Hanover-Hildesheim tram line in 1898 created a transport connection to workplaces in Hanover and Hildesheim for commuters.
The parish of St. Pankratius has been an independent parish or archdeaconate seat since the Middle Ages. This was taken into account in 1760 in the circle order and in 1838 in the dean's order. Since 1978 Förste has belonged to the newly established Deanery Förste-Sarstedt. Hasede became an independent parish in 1892. Klein Giesen left the parish of Groß Förste in 1940, while the parish of Klein Förste has been looked after by the parish of St. Pankratius since the Middle Ages. Compared to other parishes in the diocese, after 1945 only a few displaced persons were in the, since the 17th century, almost without exception Catholic. Community resident. Since November 1, 2014, the St. Pankratius Church has belonged to the parish of St. Vitus based in Groß Giesen .
After the expansion of the B 6 (access road to Messeschnellweg), Groß Förste soon became an important place between the economic areas of Hanover and Hildesheim, so that the community is currently increasingly used as a residential community. In contrast to the parish of Groß Förste St. Pankratius in the political unified community of Giesen, the cath. Klein Förste branch for the unified political community of Harsum.
On March 1, 1974, Groß Förste formed the new community of Giesen with five other communities.
politics
Local mayor is Heinrich Helms (independent).
Culture and sights
The Catholic, Baroque parish church of St. Pankratius on Beverinstrasse was built from rubble stones between 1688 and 1696 under Beverin's successor Pastor Hermann Zimmermann and consecrated in 1698 by Bishop Jobst Edmund von Brabeck . Inside is u. a. a baptismal font from 1577 with reliefs is remarkable, the cover of the baptismal font was made around 1700. The pulpit of the church was built into one of the side altars, which is very unusual for a Catholic church. In a niche above the west portal there is a group of figures depicting Mary and John, which was made in 1517. Today the parish of St. Pankratius belongs to the deanery Borsum-Sarstedt.
At the corner of Pankratiusstrasse and Alte Heerstrasse, a 5.5 m high crossroad from the Baroque period with a corpus from 1755 is noteworthy.
The Innerste , a novella by Wilhelm Raabe , takes place at the Groß Förster Mühle. The mill was first mentioned in a document in 1306. It had three overshot wheels until 1926and later had turbine operation and a grist mill .
coat of arms
The local coat of arms was granted in 1931 and refers to the mill and symbolically also to the innermost.
Sports
Groß Förste used to have its own football club. "Schwarz-Weiß" Groß Förste was founded around 1920 and merged with the sports club Klein Förste to form SSV Förste in 1947 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Numbers - data - facts. In: giesen.de. Community of Giesen, accessed on May 15, 2019 .
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 209 .
- ↑ Kurt Dehio: Handbuch der deutschen Kunstdenkmäler , p. 568, Munich 1992.
