Grodziec (Będzin)
| Grodziec | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Silesia | ||
| District of: | Będzin | ||
| Area : | 16 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 21 ' N , 19 ° 4' E | ||
| Residents : | 6289 (2004) | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 32 | ||
| License plate : | SBE | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Next international airport : | Katowice | ||
Grodziec is a former town, now a north-western part of Będzin in the Silesian Voivodeship in Poland .
history
The name Grodziec is of a Wallenburg (grodziec) derived. On the local hill Góra Świętej Doroty (381.3 m) there was a hill fort of the Lusatian culture .
The first mention of the place Grodek or Grodecz the Duchy of Opole (in the area that to 1,177 from Malopolska was outsourced) dates back to 1254, as a village in the possession of the Norbertanerinnen in Zwierzyniec in Krakow , which by I. Wladislaus bought from. The village was then mentioned in documents of the Krakow, but also the Teschen dukes (after 1337). In 1301 there was a Roman Catholic parish of the Krakow diocese in the village .
Unlike the city of Będzin on the left, the eastern shore of the Black Przemsza the village Grodziec was west of the river in the Duchy of Siewierz , the 1443 from Cieszyn Duke Wenceslas I the Cracow bishop Zbigniew Oleśnicki was sold. Around 1600 Grodziec (still owned by the Norbertan women) had between 200 and 400 inhabitants and was one of the four largest villages in the duchy. According to some sources, Grodziec was a Polish exclave in the duchy because it did not belong to the Krakow bishops.
In the course of the Third Partition of Poland , Prussia became part of New Silesia in 1795 . In 1807 it came to the Duchy of Warsaw and in 1815 to the newly formed Russian-dominated Congress Poland . In 1823 the Barbara Colliery was opened on the western slopes of the hill Góra Świętej Doroty and Grodziec quickly developed industrially and demographically, like the rest of the Dombrowa coal basin . In 1845 August Wilhelm Martens from Berlin founded a zinc works in Grodziec, and in 1857 the Ciechanowski family's cement works followed, the first in Poland and fifth in the world to produce Portland cement . In 1827 there were 99 houses with 652 inhabitants and by 1880 the number of houses rose to 197 and residents to around 1600.
From 1867 Grodziec belonged to the community Gzichów in powiat Będziński . After the end of the First World War , Grodziec came to Poland. In 1921 the osada fabryczna (factory settlement) Grodziec, the only village in the eponymous municipality in the powiat Będziński of the Kielce Voivodeship, had 502 houses with 8192 inhabitants, apart from Roman Catholic (7994) Poles (8134) there were 162 Jews (by religion, according to of nationality 40) and a few dozen people of other nationalities or beliefs.
During the attack on Poland in 1939, the city was occupied by the Germans and was assigned to the district of Bendsburg in the new "East Upper Silesia". A change of name to Wehrenberg OS was planned.
In 1951 Grodziec was granted town charter in the Katowice Voivodeship and was connected to the tram in the Upper Silesian industrial area. In 1975 Grodziec was incorporated into Będzin. After the neighboring town of Wojkowice was spun off from Będzin in 1990, many also wanted to make Grodziec independent. The heavily de-industrialized village remained a part of Będzin.
Location of the Grodziec district within Będzin
Góra Świętej Anny hill
Ciechanowski Palace based on the project by Francesco Maria Lanci
Cement plant
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Web links
- Grodziec 2 (1) . In: Filip Sulimierski, Władysław Walewski (eds.): Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich . tape 2 : Derenek – Gżack . Sulimierskiego and Walewskiego, Warsaw 1881, p. 836 (Polish, edu.pl ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Tomasz Jurek (editor): GRODZIEC ( pl ) In: Słownik Historyczno-Geograficzny Ziem Polskich w Średniowieczu. Edycja elektroniczna . PAN . 2010-2016. Retrieved April 22, 2019.
- ^ Henryk Rutkowski (editor), Krzysztof Chłapkowski: Województwo krakowskie w drugiej połowie XVI wieku; Cz. 2, Komentarz, indeksy . Institute of History of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 2008 (Polish, online ).
- ↑ Grodziec 2 (1) . In: Filip Sulimierski, Władysław Walewski (eds.): Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich . tape 2 : Derenek – Gżack . Sulimierskiego and Walewskiego, Warsaw 1881, p. 836 (Polish, edu.pl ).
- ↑ Główny Urząd Statystyczny: Skorowidz miejscowości Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Tom III. Województwo kieleckie . Warszawa 1925, p. 4 [PDF: 10] (Polish, online [PDF]).
