Eduard & Amalia pit
| Eduard & Amalia pit | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General information about the mine | |||
 |
|||
| Information about the mining company | |||
| Start of operation | 1849 | ||
| End of operation | 1884 | ||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Iron / lead , pyrites | ||
| Degradation of | Lead , pebbles | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 51 ° 0 '29.9 " N , 7 ° 6' 5.8" E | ||
|
|||
| Location | Walnut | ||
| local community | Bergisch Gladbach | ||
| District ( NUTS3 ) | Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis | ||
| country | State of North Rhine-Westphalia | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
| District | Bensberg ore district | ||
The Eduard & Amalia mine is a former iron mine in the Bensberg ore district between Buschhorn and the street Amgrün Weiher . The site belongs to the Nussbaum district in Bergisch Gladbach .
history
The request for encouragement dates from June 4, 1848 under the name Julia. After the payability was established, which took place ceremony of the mining area to Eisenstein under the name of Edward and Amalia on 24 November 1849. Eduard Knobel . The pit name is the first name of Knobel and his wife Amalia. The mining rights were extended in December 1857 to pyrites and lead ores . The correct name is Eduard and Amalia. Every now and then you read Eduard and Amalie.
Operation and facilities
The authorization file at the Arnsberg District Government, Mining and Energy Department did not begin until 1910 because Volume 1 was destroyed. The Bergisch Gladbach city archive , however, has files that provide further information. So Gladbach Mayor Jakob way here was on 27 September 1851 by the Mining Authority victories over the planning of a Erzwaschanlage been informed. Despite a letter of protest from 2 December 1851, it was built anyway. Bergassessor a. Reports on later operational activities. D. Brand in March 1885 in an expert opinion that the extent of the pingen and heaps found indicated that iron stone was extracted in the 1860s and 1870s. He speaks of the pits "Amalie and Eduard", with Amalie he means the western part, which represents the richer deposit , and with Eduard the eastern part, which borders on the Carl mine field . In his inventory, Brand mentions two shafts that were sunk up to 18 and 22 m in the “Amalie” mine field . At the Britanniahütte in Bergisch Gladbach, the ironstone from this pit was preferably melted for several years after it had been roasted in large shaft ovens on the Hüttenplatz . It was about clay iron with an average iron content of 40.83% and a proportion of 1.57% manganese .
Protective tariffs have been imposed on foreign iron since 1879. This brought movement to the mining activities. M to 22 wells drilled shaft was used in the subsequent period as driving and air shaft . The old pits , in which the camp had not yet been dismantled, had been cleared up again . Near the old production well teufte you then a new " civil feed - and water-retention shaft " in the solid limestone mountains up to 34 m and sat a Bausohle there. The shaft frame was made of solid oak and was five meters high. In 1884 the work was stopped again.
It was not until 1910 that the mine was reopened. From May 1, 1910, eight men were employed in experimental work. The 1910 annual report shows that the machine shaft had been swamped and cleared again and that the main cross passage to the camp had been cleared. Experimental work also took place above ground. In 1913, a new production shaft was sunk to a depth of 33 m about 200 m east of the machine shaft. He was given the name "Marie" and provided with pumps and a conveyor reel with an electric drive. In 1914 it was sunk to a depth of 48 m and a cross passage was made at 45 m. With the outbreak of the First World War, the work was stopped again. From 1915 to 1920 there were various test bores, clearing-up and swamping work, expansion of the 34-meter level, repair work , excavation work above ground and various investigations. Finally, the 1924 annual report mentions “minor superficial digging” with a man. Due to the increasing pressure of the groundwater, further efforts to open up the ore deposit to a greater depth also failed, because the relationship between costs and operating results was imbalanced due to the greater effort involved in swamping. As part of the self-sufficiency efforts during the Nazi regime , there were renewed investigations in 1937–1939, about which details are not known.
Location and relics
The Eduard und Amalia mine stretched from Torringen in a west-east direction via Steinknippen to Nussbaum. The formerly developed ore deposit was about 500 m in length and was mined in two places in opencast mines and underground. Overall, the Toneisenstein camp is known over an extension of 1.5 km.
The point of discovery that was decisive for the first awarding of the mine field can no longer be clearly identified in the area. It was in the forest east of Hufer Weg and north of Im Weidenbusch. If you walk from Hufer Weg for about 270 m into the street Im Weidenbusch, you come to a crossroads, which a footpath from the direction of Weidenbuscher Weg meets here. In the immediate vicinity you can see several pings and heaps to the north . To the east of the intersection is the house Im Weidenbusch 1 at a distance of 260 m. The last owner of the mine, Eduard & Amalia, lived here until the 1950s. The "driving and weather shaft" and the "civil engineering conveyor and water holding shaft" (machine shaft) were located on the property. Both are backfilled ; There are no longer any traces of mining. To the west of the property, in the area of the property entrance, is the sweeping heap of the machine shaft. In an easterly direction, an elongated valley runs from the intersection towards Voiswinkel. After just a few meters you come to the "Green Pond", which extends about 80 m to the east. It is a relic of the former opencast mine, which extends a further 70 m into the valley. In connection with the old open-cast mine you can see several pings and heaps. Approx. 50 m north of the house at Am Grünen Weiher 26 you come to an artificial plateau on the forest slope with a dump in front of it. Here was the Marie shaft; it was filled in and can apparently no longer be seen. A concrete foundation suggests that there might have been a shelter for machines there.
swell
- ^ A b Herbert Stahl (editor), Gerhard Geurts , Hans-Dieter Hilden, Herbert Ommer : Das Erbe des Erzes. Volume 3: The pits in the Paffrath Kalkmulde. Bergischer Geschichtsverein Rhein-Berg, Bergisch Gladbach 2006, ISBN 3-932326-49-0 , p. 50ff. ( Series of publications by the Bergisches Geschichtsverein Rhein-Berg eV 49).
literature
- Emil Buff: Description of the Deutz mountain district. Marcus, Bonn 1882 (Unchanged reprint. Förderverein des Bergisches Museum, Bergisch Gladbach 1982 ( Publication by the Förderverein des Bergisches Museum für Bergisches Museum für Bergbau, Handwerk und Gewerbe 1, ZDB -ID 2295238-X )).
- Herbert Stahl (editor), Gerhard Geurts, Hans-Dieter Hilden, Herbert Ommer: The legacy of ore. Volume 3: The pits in the Paffrath Kalkmulde. Bergischer Geschichtsverein Rhein-Berg, Bergisch Gladbach 2006, ISBN 3-932326-49-0 ( series of publications by the Bergisches Geschichtsverein Rhein-Berg eV 49).