Gruta
Gruta | ||
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Basic data | ||
State : | Poland | |
Voivodeship : | Kuyavian Pomeranian | |
Powiat : | Grudziądzki | |
Gmina : | Gruta | |
Geographic location : | 53 ° 27 ' N , 18 ° 57' E | |
Residents : | 1290 (2011) | |
Postal code : | 86-330 | |
Telephone code : | (+48) 56 | |
License plate : | CGR | |
Economy and Transport | ||
Rail route : | Jabłonowo Pomorskie – Grudziądz |
Gruta ( German 1939–1942 Grutta , 1942–1945 Frankenhain , before 1919 Grutta , Frankenheim , Frankenheyn ) is a village in the powiat Grudziądzki of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland . It is the seat of the rural community of the same name with about 6500 inhabitants.
Geographical location
The village is located in the former West Prussia, south of the Danzig Bay , about twelve kilometers east of Grudziądz (Graudenz) .
history
In 1222 certified Konrad , Duke in Mazovia and Cujavia that he the first Bishop of Prussia, Christian , for allowing us which of these the particular to Prussia Crusaders to rebuild the castle Culmen ( Kulm left), a part of the Chelmno country have awarded , including the former Grudenz ( Graudenz ) castle and the Gruth (Grutta) forest . At the time of the Teutonic Order , the place appears under the name Frankenheyn in a privilege issued on December 27, 1282 , with which the Landmeister Mangold (von Sternberg ) awarded Conrad von Lewiz 108 hooves on Lake Lome, the same ones that the Landmeister did Ludwig (von Queden ) had given Hermann von Meiningen to occupy with peasants, a project which at the time was ended prematurely as a result of pagan raids.
As part of the first partition of Poland-Lithuania in 1772, the region around Graudenz with Grutta came to the Kingdom of Prussia . In 1789 Grutta is referred to as a royal village with 61 fireplaces (households), which belongs to the Roggenhausen Domain Office . From 1818 to 1920 Grutta belonged to the district of Graudenz in the West Prussian administrative district of Marienwerder . The village church was the mother church of the large Catholic parish Grutta.
After the First World War , Grutta had to be ceded to Poland due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty in 1920 for the establishment of the Polish Corridor with the entire district of Graudenz . Due to the attack on Poland in September 1939, the district came to the Reich territory by spring 1945 and was assigned to the Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia .
Population numbers
year | Residents | Remarks |
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1852 | 806 | |
1864 | 825 | 42 Protestants and 775 Catholics |
local community
The rural community (gmina wiejska) Gruta includes 17 villages with school offices.
traffic
In the municipality are the Boguszewo stop and the Mełno station on the Działdowo – Chojnice railway line . The Culmsee – Melno small railway also ended in the latter .
literature
- Xaver Frölich : History of the Graudenzer Kreis . Volume 1, Graudenz 1868, pp. 156-159.
Web links
Footnotes
- ↑ Max Perlbach : Prussian Regesta until the end of the 13th century . In: Old Prussian monthly . Volume 11, Königsberg i. Pr. 1874, pp. 1-32, especially p. 18.
- ↑ Xaver Frölich : History of the Graudenzer Kreis . Volume 1, Graudenz 1868, p. 157.
- ^ Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia . Part II: Topography of West Prussia , Marienwerder 1789, Third main part: Complete topography of the West Prussian Cammer Department , p. 67.
- ^ Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia . Part II: Topography of West Prussia , Marienwerder 1789, p. 38 .
- ^ August Eduard Preuss : Prussian country and folklore . Königsberg 1835, p. 545, no.8 .
- ^ Kraatz: Topographical-statistical manual of the Prussian state '. Berlin 1856, p. 209.
- ^ E. Jacobson: Topographical-statistical manual for the administrative district Marienwerder . Danzig 1868, local directory of the Marienwerder administrative district , pp. 20–21, no. 62.