Gruta
| Gruta | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Kuyavian Pomeranian | ||
| Powiat : | Grudziądzki | ||
| Gmina : | Gruta | ||
| Geographic location : | 53 ° 27 ' N , 18 ° 57' E | ||
| Residents : | 1290 (2011) | ||
| Postal code : | 86-330 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 56 | ||
| License plate : | CGR | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Rail route : | Jabłonowo Pomorskie – Grudziądz | ||
Gruta ( German 1939–1942 Grutta , 1942–1945 Frankenhain , before 1919 Grutta , Frankenheim , Frankenheyn ) is a village in the powiat Grudziądzki of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland . It is the seat of the rural community of the same name with about 6500 inhabitants.
Geographical location
The village is located in the former West Prussia, south of the Danzig Bay , about twelve kilometers east of Grudziądz (Graudenz) .
history
In 1222 certified Konrad , Duke in Mazovia and Cujavia that he the first Bishop of Prussia, Christian , for allowing us which of these the particular to Prussia Crusaders to rebuild the castle Culmen ( Kulm left), a part of the Chelmno country have awarded , including the former Grudenz ( Graudenz ) castle and the Gruth (Grutta) forest . At the time of the Teutonic Order , the place appears under the name Frankenheyn in a privilege issued on December 27, 1282 , with which the Landmeister Mangold (von Sternberg ) awarded Conrad von Lewiz 108 hooves on Lake Lome, the same ones that the Landmeister did Ludwig (von Queden ) had given Hermann von Meiningen to occupy with peasants, a project which at the time was ended prematurely as a result of pagan raids.
As part of the first partition of Poland-Lithuania in 1772, the region around Graudenz with Grutta came to the Kingdom of Prussia . In 1789 Grutta is referred to as a royal village with 61 fireplaces (households), which belongs to the Roggenhausen Domain Office . From 1818 to 1920 Grutta belonged to the district of Graudenz in the West Prussian administrative district of Marienwerder . The village church was the mother church of the large Catholic parish Grutta.
Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, built from 1270, rebuilt several times, so in 1747 and after 1846, tower from 1670
Parish hall
Fire brigade headquarters
After the First World War , Grutta had to be ceded to Poland due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty in 1920 for the establishment of the Polish Corridor with the entire district of Graudenz . Due to the attack on Poland in September 1939, the district came to the Reich territory by spring 1945 and was assigned to the Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia .
Population numbers
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1852 | 806 | |
| 1864 | 825 | 42 Protestants and 775 Catholics |
local community
The rural community (gmina wiejska) Gruta includes 17 villages with school offices.
traffic
In the municipality are the Boguszewo stop and the Mełno station on the Działdowo – Chojnice railway line . The Culmsee – Melno small railway also ended in the latter .
literature
- Xaver Frölich : History of the Graudenzer Kreis . Volume 1, Graudenz 1868, pp. 156-159.
Web links
Footnotes
- ↑ Max Perlbach : Prussian Regesta until the end of the 13th century . In: Old Prussian monthly . Volume 11, Königsberg i. Pr. 1874, pp. 1-32, especially p. 18.
- ↑ Xaver Frölich : History of the Graudenzer Kreis . Volume 1, Graudenz 1868, p. 157.
- ^ Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia . Part II: Topography of West Prussia , Marienwerder 1789, Third main part: Complete topography of the West Prussian Cammer Department , p. 67.
- ^ Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia . Part II: Topography of West Prussia , Marienwerder 1789, p. 38 .
- ^ August Eduard Preuss : Prussian country and folklore . Königsberg 1835, p. 545, no.8 .
- ^ Kraatz: Topographical-statistical manual of the Prussian state '. Berlin 1856, p. 209.
- ^ E. Jacobson: Topographical-statistical manual for the administrative district Marienwerder . Danzig 1868, local directory of the Marienwerder administrative district , pp. 20–21, no. 62.