Gustav Stolper

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Gustav Stolper (1920)
Stolperstein , Englerallee 25, in Berlin-Dahlem

Gustav Stolper (born July 25, 1888 in Vienna , Austria-Hungary ; died December 27, 1947 in New York City ) was a German-Austrian economist, business journalist and liberal politician.

Life

Gustav Stolper grew up as a child of Jewish immigrants from Poland in Vienna. After graduating from high school, Stolper studied economics and law . He graduated with a doctorate in 1911 .

He then worked as a business journalist for the magazine Der Österreichische Volkswirt published by Walther Federn . In 1913 he became co-editor of the paper. He was also a leading supporter of the Central European idea in Austria . In this context he published the book The Central European Economic Problem . In doing so, he tried to substantiate the corresponding ideas of Friedrich Naumann economically.

During the First World War he became head of the scientific department of the Austrian General Commissariat for War and Transitional Economics. After the end of the monarchy, he first became a member of the Social Democratic Workers' Party of German Austria (SDAP), before switching to the Democrats a short time later. The attempt of a liberal-social party, Civil Democratic Party, failed. In 1919 he was the Austrian delegate in negotiations for an economic union with Germany. In 1920 he published German Austria as a social and economic problem .

Stolper lived and worked in Berlin from 1925 . There he saw greater opportunities for his political ideas to have an impact. He was initially editor-in-chief for politics and economics at the Berlin stock exchange courier . From 1926 he was editor-in-chief of the magazine Der Deutsche Volkswirt, which he founded . Journal for politics and economics , which he sold to Hjalmar Schacht in July 1933 on the occasion of his emigration to the USA . In this sheet u. a. Hanna Meuter on the rationalization of the American welfare system . He was close friends with Theodor Heuss and Kurt Riezler .

In addition, Stolper was politically active in the German Democratic Party . In 1926 he became a co-opted member of the board at the national level. He was instrumental in drafting the party's economic program. Since 1930 he was the top candidate of the German State Party and entered the Reichstag for it . He was a member of this until 1932. At this time his work The Economic-Social World View of Democracy (1930) was published.

During the period of National Socialism , Stolper emigrated to the USA via Czechoslovakia, Switzerland, Belgium and Great Britain . Here he worked as a journalist a. a. worked for Foreign Affairs magazine and the New York Times . At times he was an economic policy advisor to the commission of inquiry headed by Herbert Hoover on the post-war economic situation in Germany and Austria. When Hoover toured Germany in 1947, Stolper accompanied him as a business advisor. In December 1947 he died of the flu. His book German Realities (1948) was published posthumously in English and in 1949 under the title Die Deutsche Realities in German. The book Deutsche Wirtschaft since 1870 was also published after his death .

He was married to Toni Stolper , geb. Kassowitz. She was a close colleague of her husband and wrote a biography of Stolper under the title: A life in hot spots of our time . Gustav Stolper's eldest son from his first marriage was the economist Wolfgang F. Stolper . The historian Joan Campbell is their daughter, the Assyriologist Matthew W. Stolper his grandson.

Gustav Stolper Prize

After Gustav Stolper, an economics prize awarded for the first time by the Verein für Socialpolitik is named in 2007 . Prize winners were:

Fonts

  • German Economy 1870 to 1940 , 1940.
  • This Age of Fable. The Practical and Economic World We Live In , 1942.
  • German realities. A Guide to the Future Peace of Europe , New York 1948.

literature

  • Karl Dietrich Erdmann (Ed.): Kurt Riezler. Diaries, essays, documents. Göttingen 1972, p. 132 Partial digitization .
  • Munzinger : International Biographical Archive 50/1960 of December 5, 1960.
  • Heinz Reiter:  Stolper, Gustav. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 25, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-428-11206-7 , p. 423 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Johannes Stern: Gustav Stolper as a commentator on the political and economic development of Austria from 1914 to 1925 , dissertation University of Vienna, 1979.
  • Toni Stolper: A life in hot spots of our time, Vienna, Berlin, New York: Gustav Stolper, 1888–1947 , Verlag R. Wunderlich, 1960.
  • Werner Röder, Herbert A. Strauss (Hrsg.): Biographical manual of the German-speaking emigration after 1933. Volume 1: Politics, economy, public life . Munich: Saur, 1980, p. 737
  • Karl Holl : Stolper, Gustav. In: Harald Hagemann , Claus-Dieter Krohn (ed.): Biographical handbook of German-speaking economic emigration after 1933. Volume 2: Leichter branch. Saur, Munich 1999, ISBN 3-598-11284-X , pp. 691-695.

Web links

Commons : Gustav Stolper  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ List of Reichstag members of the Weimar Republic (5th electoral term)
  2. ^ List of members of the Reichstag of the Weimar Republic (6th electoral term)
  3. ^ Gustav Stolper Prize , accessed on October 24, 2019.
personal data
SURNAME Stumble, Gustav
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Austrian economist, journalist and politician (DDP), MdR
DATE OF BIRTH July 25, 1888
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH December 27, 1947
Place of death New York City