Hans Lohmann (zoologist)

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Hans Lohmann (born September 26, 1863 in Hanover , † December 3, 1934 in Blankenese , Altona / Elbe ) was a German zoologist .

Life

Study and plankton research

The son of a doctor studying after high school from 1885 to 1889 medicine and science at the Georg-August University of Göttingen , the University of Kiel and the University of Greifswald and was laid in 1889 his promotion to Doctor of philosophy at the University of Kiel with a dissertation on the subfamily of the Halacaridae Murr. and the sea mites of the Baltic Sea .

After his habilitation with a zoological thesis in 1893, Lohmann was appointed scientific assistant at the Zoological Institute in Kiel in 1898 . In the following years he also worked as an expert for the province of Schleswig-Holstein for questions about the San José scale insect and phylloxera . During this time he also carried out his first studies of plankton , first in the Bay of Kiel near Laboe , then in the Mediterranean in 1896 near Messina and in 1900 near Syracuse . On board the cable steamer from Podbielski , he finally examined the plankton deposits in the North Atlantic in 1902 .

Then in 1902 he was hired as secretary of the Prussian Marine Commission, which had been founded for the scientific investigation of the German seas. In 1904 he was appointed professor .

Between 1911 and 1912 Lohmann took part in the 2nd German South Pole Expedition on the ship Deutschland and researched the previously unknown dwarf or nannoplankton (centrifugal plankton). He not only examined the density distribution of the plankton in the uppermost layers of the ocean, but also succeeded in graphing these examinations with the help of “isoplanktons”, i.e. lines of equal amounts of plankton. In 1916 he first designed a density distribution map of two dwarf plankton species based on isoplankton curves.

University professor in Hamburg

After his return, Lohmann began working as a curator of the Natural History Museum in Hamburg in 1913 , as such he was also head of the Elbe investigation station and one year later in 1914 became director of the Natural History Museum .

In 1919 he became the holder of the chair for zoology at the newly founded University of Hamburg and taught there until his retirement in 1933. During this time, between 1921 and 1922, he was also dean (university) of the university's mathematical and natural science faculty .

In addition, Lohmann was a member of the board of the German Zoological Society (DZG) for several years as third vice-president from 1922 to 1923 and then as president from 1924 to 1925.

He then took part with his assistant Ernst Hentschel from 1925 to 1927 on the voyage of the research and surveying ship Meteor , on which a network of over 300 biological stations was laid in the South Atlantic , thus beginning the exploration of an ocean in its entire extent for the first time.

Even after his retirement, Lohmann remained director of the Natural History Museum until his death. In 1933 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina .

Publications

In addition to his teaching and research activities, Lohmann also published several specialist books in which he dealt, among other things, with the plankton expedition , a marine research trip carried out in 1889 under the direction of the marine biologist Victor Hensen . He also published articles on the Valdivia expedition led by Carl Chun, which was carried out from 1898 to 1899, and on the Weddell Sea in Antarctica . His most important publications include Die Appendicularien der Plankton-Expedition (1896), Eggs und so-called Cysten der Plankton-Expedition (1904), Contributions to the plankton population of the Weddell Sea after the results of the German Antarctic Expedition 1911-12 , The colonization of the high seas with plants ( 1919), General information about the voyage, the plankton catches and the hydrographic conditions in the Weddell Sea (1928), Die Tierwelt der Erde (1929), Scientific results of the German deep-sea expedition on the steamer "Valdivia" 1898-1899 (1931).

The book Scientific Results of the German Atlantic Expedition on the research and survey ship “Meteor” 1925–1927 was published posthumously in 1939 .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Ernst Steuer: The development of German marine plankton research. On Ernst Hentschel's sixtieth birthday on February 25, 1936 , in: Die Naturwissenschaften (February 28, 1936)
  2. ↑ Board of Directors of the German Zoological Society - Complete Overview from 1890 - 2012 ( Memento from August 31, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
personal data
SURNAME Lohmann, Hans
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German zoologist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH September 26, 1863
PLACE OF BIRTH Hanover
DATE OF DEATH December 3, 1934
Place of death Hamburg-Blankenese